GMAT考試數學平行結構考點分析
數學是GMAT考試的一大重點，我們備考GMAT數學的時候經常會遇到比較熟悉的知識點。平行結構就是數學的一大復習重點，小編這里重點給大家分享一些GMAT攻略，考生們注意：
GMAT數學的重點題型之一平行并列：
平行并列：見到平行看結構，形式功能要對稱.就GMAT而言，平行并列是考試中的重點也是難點，英語稱其為parallel structure: this is a little bit like making sure that the two sides of a mathematical equation are balance.就解題而言要求做到四個點。
形式對稱
概念對等
功能相同
含義單一
一)形式對稱：
指平行并列連接詞前后的詞形式上完全對稱
下面以GMAT考試pre test 1為例：
例1：The airline company, following through on recent warnings that it might start reducing service, announced that it was eliminating jet service to nine cities, closing some unneeded operations, and it grounded twenty-two planes.
closing some unneeded operations, and it grounded
closing some unneeded operations, and grounding
was closing some unneeded operations, while it grounded
it closed some unneeded operations and grounded
it was closing some unneeded operations, and grounding
譯文：航空公司遵照最近的警告它可能會開始減少服務而宣布它將會減少噴氣機服務到九個城市,關閉不需要的操作和停飛22架飛機。
分析：平行并列結構,形式要對稱.所以本題答案是B eliminating, closing and grounding 本題重點考查平行并列結構.都是航空公司做的三個動作。
例2 The list of animals that exhibits a preference of either using the right or the left hand has been expanded to include the lower vertebrates.
exhibits a preference of either using the right or the left hand has been expanded to include
exhibits the preference to use either the right or the left hand has been expanded and includes
exhibit a preference in either using the right or the left hand has been expanded to include
exhibit a preference for using either the right or the left hand has been expanded to include
exhibit the preference as to either using the right or the left hand has been expanded and includes
譯文：動物展示出用左手或右手等的列表已經進一步的擴大到了更為低等的脊椎動物
分析：定語從句的主謂一致取決于所修飾對象.前面出現(xiàn)的是animals 所以應該是復數.答案只能在CDE中產生.either or 要求形式是要對稱. 而C和E選項中出現(xiàn)了either using or the left表達錯。
由此可見GMAT攻略在考查平行并列過程中要求前后嚴格對稱。
二)概念對等：
平行并列過程中,要求概念要對等,就名詞而言,特指對特指,抽象對抽象,具體對具體.它們從來不相互對應進行并列。
New theories propose that catastrophic impacts of asteroids and comets may have caused reversals in the Earths magnetic field, the onset of ice ages, splitting apart continents 80 million years ago, and great volcanic eruptions.
A splitting apart continents
B the splitting apart of continents
C split apart continents
D continents split apart
E continents that were split apart
譯文：新的理論提出小行星和慧星災難性的影響可能引地磁場的顛倒，冰川時代的到來，8千萬年前大陸的分裂以及火山的噴發(fā)。
分析：本題平行并列部分是. Reversals , the onset, . And eruption顯然是由動詞的抽象名詞詞形的并列。所以動詞的抽象名詞表結果，只能和抽象名詞并列，而doing強調動做,就splitting apart而言，無名詞，所以只能用the splitting apart表達此意。
本題選的是B
三)功能相同 有些特殊題目無法做到形式對稱也只能退一步保證功能相同如：
scientists have recently discovered what could be the largest and oldest living organism on Earth. A giant fungus that is an interwoven filigree of mushrooms and root like tentacles spawned by a single fertilized spore some 10000 years ago and extending for more than 30 acres in the soil of a Michigan forest.
A extending
B extends
C extended
D it extended
E is extending
譯文：科學家最近發(fā)現(xiàn)地球上最大的真菌是在Michigan森林中一種被單獨受精的孢子所產生的交織混合的蘑菇金銀絲和和根狀腺毛并且主動向周邊土壤延伸30畝。
分析：本題中出現(xiàn)了and本來要求前后形式對稱。但基于客觀事實,產生是被動的而周邊延伸卻是主動做出的，所以本題選的是extending.雖然形式上不對稱.但功能上卻是相同的.因為都是分詞。
四)含義單一
重點考查兩個題型：
1. 從句并列使用相同連詞且都補出
例:It is well known in supermarket industry that how items are placed on shelves and the frequency of inventory turnovers can be crucial to profits.
A the frequency of inventory turnovers can be
B the frequency of inventory turnovers is often
C the frequency with which the inventory turns over is often
D how frequently is the inventory turned over are often
E how frequently the inventory turns over can be
譯文： 在超級市場產業(yè)中,貨品如何擺放以及存貨周期是多少是盈利的關鍵。分析：and 連接兩個平行并列部分，要求形式完全對稱,所以答案選擇為DE中一個，情態(tài)動詞不能隨意省略添加和改變則答案只有一個是E。因為can表示可能性,如果省略含義發(fā)生改變。
2. 介詞短語并列過程中介詞習慣補出原則
例:In the fall of 1985, only 10 percent of the women entering college planned to major in education, while 28 percent chose business, making it the most popular major for women as wel
上述就是小編對于GMAT考試數學部分的分析，GMAT數學復習的時候需要我們特別留意。像這樣的考試重點我們復習的時候要特別的留意，希望大家掌握這些GMAT攻略，考試順利取得好成績。
數學是GMAT考試的一大重點，我們備考GMAT數學的時候經常會遇到比較熟悉的知識點。平行結構就是數學的一大復習重點，小編這里重點給大家分享一些GMAT攻略，考生們注意：
GMAT數學的重點題型之一平行并列：
平行并列：見到平行看結構，形式功能要對稱.就GMAT而言，平行并列是考試中的重點也是難點，英語稱其為parallel structure: this is a little bit like making sure that the two sides of a mathematical equation are balance.就解題而言要求做到四個點。
形式對稱
概念對等
功能相同
含義單一
一)形式對稱：
指平行并列連接詞前后的詞形式上完全對稱
下面以GMAT考試pre test 1為例：
例1：The airline company, following through on recent warnings that it might start reducing service, announced that it was eliminating jet service to nine cities, closing some unneeded operations, and it grounded twenty-two planes.
closing some unneeded operations, and it grounded
closing some unneeded operations, and grounding
was closing some unneeded operations, while it grounded
it closed some unneeded operations and grounded
it was closing some unneeded operations, and grounding
譯文：航空公司遵照最近的警告它可能會開始減少服務而宣布它將會減少噴氣機服務到九個城市,關閉不需要的操作和停飛22架飛機。
分析：平行并列結構,形式要對稱.所以本題答案是B eliminating, closing and grounding 本題重點考查平行并列結構.都是航空公司做的三個動作。
例2 The list of animals that exhibits a preference of either using the right or the left hand has been expanded to include the lower vertebrates.
exhibits a preference of either using the right or the left hand has been expanded to include
exhibits the preference to use either the right or the left hand has been expanded and includes
exhibit a preference in either using the right or the left hand has been expanded to include
exhibit a preference for using either the right or the left hand has been expanded to include
exhibit the preference as to either using the right or the left hand has been expanded and includes
譯文：動物展示出用左手或右手等的列表已經進一步的擴大到了更為低等的脊椎動物
分析：定語從句的主謂一致取決于所修飾對象.前面出現(xiàn)的是animals 所以應該是復數.答案只能在CDE中產生.either or 要求形式是要對稱. 而C和E選項中出現(xiàn)了either using or the left表達錯。
由此可見GMAT攻略在考查平行并列過程中要求前后嚴格對稱。
二)概念對等：
平行并列過程中,要求概念要對等,就名詞而言,特指對特指,抽象對抽象,具體對具體.它們從來不相互對應進行并列。
New theories propose that catastrophic impacts of asteroids and comets may have caused reversals in the Earths magnetic field, the onset of ice ages, splitting apart continents 80 million years ago, and great volcanic eruptions.
A splitting apart continents
B the splitting apart of continents
C split apart continents
D continents split apart
E continents that were split apart
譯文：新的理論提出小行星和慧星災難性的影響可能引地磁場的顛倒，冰川時代的到來，8千萬年前大陸的分裂以及火山的噴發(fā)。
分析：本題平行并列部分是. Reversals , the onset, . And eruption顯然是由動詞的抽象名詞詞形的并列。所以動詞的抽象名詞表結果，只能和抽象名詞并列，而doing強調動做,就splitting apart而言，無名詞，所以只能用the splitting apart表達此意。
本題選的是B
三)功能相同 有些特殊題目無法做到形式對稱也只能退一步保證功能相同如：
scientists have recently discovered what could be the largest and oldest living organism on Earth. A giant fungus that is an interwoven filigree of mushrooms and root like tentacles spawned by a single fertilized spore some 10000 years ago and extending for more than 30 acres in the soil of a Michigan forest.
A extending
B extends
C extended
D it extended
E is extending
譯文：科學家最近發(fā)現(xiàn)地球上最大的真菌是在Michigan森林中一種被單獨受精的孢子所產生的交織混合的蘑菇金銀絲和和根狀腺毛并且主動向周邊土壤延伸30畝。
分析：本題中出現(xiàn)了and本來要求前后形式對稱。但基于客觀事實,產生是被動的而周邊延伸卻是主動做出的，所以本題選的是extending.雖然形式上不對稱.但功能上卻是相同的.因為都是分詞。
四)含義單一
重點考查兩個題型：
1. 從句并列使用相同連詞且都補出
例:It is well known in supermarket industry that how items are placed on shelves and the frequency of inventory turnovers can be crucial to profits.
A the frequency of inventory turnovers can be
B the frequency of inventory turnovers is often
C the frequency with which the inventory turns over is often
D how frequently is the inventory turned over are often
E how frequently the inventory turns over can be
譯文： 在超級市場產業(yè)中,貨品如何擺放以及存貨周期是多少是盈利的關鍵。分析：and 連接兩個平行并列部分，要求形式完全對稱,所以答案選擇為DE中一個，情態(tài)動詞不能隨意省略添加和改變則答案只有一個是E。因為can表示可能性,如果省略含義發(fā)生改變。
2. 介詞短語并列過程中介詞習慣補出原則
例:In the fall of 1985, only 10 percent of the women entering college planned to major in education, while 28 percent chose business, making it the most popular major for women as wel
上述就是小編對于GMAT考試數學部分的分析，GMAT數學復習的時候需要我們特別留意。像這樣的考試重點我們復習的時候要特別的留意，希望大家掌握這些GMAT攻略，考試順利取得好成績。
