【人教大綱版】2024屆高考英語一輪復習精品學案：SBⅡ Units 7-8
SBⅡ Units 7-8
重點句型
1. …and leaves a person defenceless against infections and illnesses.(SBⅡ U7)
……使人喪失對感染及疾病的抵抗力。
leave vt. 讓……處于某種狀態
①Please excuse me if I __________________(對你的任何問題都沒有回答)．
②Extremely angry, Mum walked away and __________________(留下我一人坐在那兒).
③I __________________(讓門開著)when I leave in case he comes back.
④It should be better to __________________(讓他自個兒做).
【答案】
①(have) left any of your questions unanswered
②left me sitting there all by myself
③will leave the door open
④leave him to do it himself
2. Learning about first aid is the best way to make sure that we will not have to feel that we could have done more.(SBⅡ U8)
學習急救是保證遇到此類事情不留遺憾的最佳途徑。
could have done 的用法：
（1）用于肯定句、否定句或疑問句中，對過去的動作進行可能性推測，也可用can have done。用于肯定句中相當于may/might have done。例如：
He can/could have left earlier. (can/could have left相當于may/might have left)
他可能早離開了。
Surely she can/could not have arrived so early.
他不可能到這么早。Can/Could he have left already?
他可能已經離開了嗎？
（2）用于肯定句中表示過去本來能夠做而未做。例如：
You could have caught the early train. (事實上沒搭上)
你本應該搭上早班車。
①__________________(那會是舒適的旅行嗎) since there were 6 people in the little car?
②I __________________(本可以更加用功些的), but as a matter of fact, I have wasted too much time.
【答案】
①Can that have been a comfortable journey
②can have studied harder
課文原句高考對照
Xiaohua has learnt to live with HIV and the fact that she will one day develop AIDS.
小華已經學會了帶著HIV病毒生活，并將會變成艾滋病。
In modern times, people have to learn to
______ all kinds of pressure although they are
leading a comfortable life.(2008?湖北卷)
A. keep with
B. stay with
C. meet with
D. live with
解析：選D。句意：在現代，盡管人們過著一
種舒適的生活，但他們必須學會忍受各種壓力
。
課文原句高考對照 課文原句高考對照
Two years have passed since that day in Dr Richards' office and my life has not yet ended.
自從那天在理查德斯醫生的辦公室后，兩年過去了，我的生命并沒有結束。
His sister left home in 1998, and ______
since.(2009?全國卷Ⅰ)
A. had not been heard of
B. has not been heard of
C. had not heard of
D. has not heard of
解析：選B。句意：他妹妹于1998離家，打那以
后，就杳無音信了。在“課文原句”中since用
作介詞；在“高考對照”中since用作副詞。
課文原句高考對照 課文原句高考對照
Many hospitals recommend that we use the letters DR ABC to remember what to do when we have to think fast.
許多醫院推薦我們使用“急救五步走”去記住當我們遇到緊急狀況時要干什么。
The doctor recommended that you ______
swim after eating a large meal.(2009?浙江卷)
A. wouldn't
B. couldn't
C. needn't
D. shouldn't
解析：選D。句意：醫生建議你在飽餐一頓后
，不應該去游泳。recommend可以用作及物動
詞，表示“勸告，建議”；當其后接賓語從句時
，謂語動詞常用“(should)+動詞原形”。在“課
文原句”中，從句中的should省去了。
語法精講
——定語從句
1.由關系代詞和關系副詞引導的定語從句；
2.由介詞＋關系代詞引導的定語從句；
3.通過關系代詞或關系副詞來考查定語從句、
狀語從句、名詞性從句的區別。
定語從句
在復合句中，修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句。引導定語從句有關系代詞和關系副詞。關系代詞和關系副詞必須放在先行詞之后，從句之首，起聯系作用，同時在從句中充當成分。
1.that指人或物，在從句中作主語或賓語，作賓語時可省略。如：
The train that was going to Shanghai was late. (that指代物the train，在從句中作主語，不能省略)
去往上海的那趟列車晚點了。
The man (that) you saw just now is our teacher.（that指代人the man，在從句中作賓語，可省略）
你剛剛看到的那個人是我們的老師。
2.which指物，在從句中作主語或賓語，作賓語時可省略，可和that換用。如：
The train which/that was going to Shanghai was late. (which指代物the train，在從句中作主語，不能省略)
The book (which/that) you want is on the desk.（which指代物the book, 在從句中作賓語，可省略）
你想要的那本書在桌子上。
下面幾種情況不能用which，而要用that引導定語從句：
（1）先行詞為all, much, little, few, something, anything, everything, nothing等時。如：
All that can be done has been done.
能做的都做了。
（2）先行詞被all, any, every, few, little, no, some等修飾時。如：
I have read all the books (that) you gave me.
我已讀完了你給我的所有的書。
（3）先行詞被序數詞或形容詞的最高級修飾時。如：
This is one of the best films (that) I have ever seen.
這是我看過的最好的電影之一。
（4）先行詞被the only, the very, the last修飾時。如：
This is the very book (that) I am after.
這正是我要找的書。
（5）先行詞既有人又有物時。如：
He spoke of the men and the things (that) he had seen abroad.
他談到他在國外見到的人和事。
3.who, whom指人，在從句中分別作主語和賓語，可和that換用。whom作賓語時也可用who替代，也可省略。如：
The boy who/that helped you is my classmate.（who指the boy, 在從句中作主語，不能省略）
幫助你的男孩是我的同學。
The man (whom/who/that) you saw just now is our teacher.
你剛才見到的那個人是我們的老師。
4.whose指人或物，在從句中作定語。當修飾物時，相當于“名詞+of which”。如：
Here is the girl whose mother works in this shop.
就是那個母親在這家商店工作的女孩。
He lives in a room whose window (=the window of which) faces south.
他住在窗戶朝南的那個房間里。
1.關系代詞which, whom在定語從句中作介詞的賓語時，可以跟介詞一起放在主句和從句之間，這時不用that；也可以把介詞放在從句中有關動詞的后面，這時也可用that代替which或whom，也可省略。如：
This is the room in which we lived last year.或This is the room (which/that) we lives in last year.
這是我們去年住的房間。
Who’s the man to whom you talked just now?或 Who’s the man (whom/that) you talked to just now?
剛才和你談話的那個人是誰？
2.“介詞＋關系代詞”中介詞的選擇
①根據從句中謂語動詞的搭配習慣。如：
This is the book about which I often talk.
= This is the book of which I often speak.
這是我經常談到的那本書。
②根據先行詞的搭配習慣。如：
I remember the day on which I first met him.
我還記得我第一次見到他的那天。
I remember the days during which I lived there.
我還記得我住在那兒的那些日子。
③同時考慮動詞和介詞的搭配關系及介詞和名詞的搭配關系。如：
He made a hole in the wall, through which he could see what was happening inside the house.
他在墻上弄了個洞，通過這個洞他能看到房子里正發生的一切。
1.when指時間，在從句中作時間狀語，可用“介詞（on, in, at, during等）＋關系代詞”代替。如：
I’ll never forget the day when (=on which) I joined the League.
我永遠都忘不了我入團的那一天。
2.where指地點，在從句中作地點狀語，可用“介詞（in, at等）＋關系代詞”代替。如：
This is the factory where (=in which) we stayed last year.
這就是我們去年待的工廠。
3.why指原因，在從句中作原因狀語，可用“介詞for＋關系代詞”代替。如：
I don’t know the reason why (=for which) he came late.
我不知道他遲到的原因。
注意：當先行詞為表時間、地點的詞時，有時不用when, where，而用which或that。試比較：
（1）This is the factory (which/that) we visited last year.
這是我們去年參觀的工廠。
（2）This is the school where we studied last year.
這是我們去年上過學的學校。
要正確把握關系代詞和關系副詞的區別，關鍵是看引導詞在定語從句中所起的作用，特別是要注意定語從句中謂語動詞的特點。如
（1）中動詞visit是及物動詞，由此判斷引導詞作賓語；
（2）中stay為不及物動詞，由此判斷引導詞作狀語。
以the way為先行詞的限制性定語從句一般由that或in which引導，通常還可以省略。如：
I don’t like the way (that/in which) you laugh at her.
我不喜歡你笑話她的那種方式。
1.限制性定語從句和主句關系密切，去掉從句，主句意義不完整，甚至不合邏輯。如：
I was the only person in our office who was invited.（去掉定語從句，主句意思不完整）
我是辦公室里唯一被邀請的人。
2.非限制性定語從句與先行詞關系不密切，去掉定語從句，句子意思仍然完整。形式上用逗號把從句和主句隔開。非限制性定語從句不能用that引導。如：
Tom’s father, who is over sixty, still works hard day and night.
湯姆的父親，60多歲了，現在仍然夜以繼日地工作。
Tom studies hard and is ready to help others, which his parents expected.
湯姆努力學習而且總是樂于助人，這點是他父母所希望的。
SBⅡ Units 7-8
重點句型
1. …and leaves a person defenceless against infections and illnesses.(SBⅡ U7)
……使人喪失對感染及疾病的抵抗力。
leave vt. 讓……處于某種狀態
①Please excuse me if I __________________(對你的任何問題都沒有回答)．
②Extremely angry, Mum walked away and __________________(留下我一人坐在那兒).
③I __________________(讓門開著)when I leave in case he comes back.
④It should be better to __________________(讓他自個兒做).
【答案】
①(have) left any of your questions unanswered
②left me sitting there all by myself
③will leave the door open
④leave him to do it himself
2. Learning about first aid is the best way to make sure that we will not have to feel that we could have done more.(SBⅡ U8)
學習急救是保證遇到此類事情不留遺憾的最佳途徑。
could have done 的用法：
（1）用于肯定句、否定句或疑問句中，對過去的動作進行可能性推測，也可用can have done。用于肯定句中相當于may/might have done。例如：
He can/could have left earlier. (can/could have left相當于may/might have left)
他可能早離開了。
Surely she can/could not have arrived so early.
他不可能到這么早。Can/Could he have left already?
他可能已經離開了嗎？
（2）用于肯定句中表示過去本來能夠做而未做。例如：
You could have caught the early train. (事實上沒搭上)
你本應該搭上早班車。
①__________________(那會是舒適的旅行嗎) since there were 6 people in the little car?
②I __________________(本可以更加用功些的), but as a matter of fact, I have wasted too much time.
【答案】
①Can that have been a comfortable journey
②can have studied harder
課文原句高考對照
Xiaohua has learnt to live with HIV and the fact that she will one day develop AIDS.
小華已經學會了帶著HIV病毒生活，并將會變成艾滋病。
In modern times, people have to learn to
______ all kinds of pressure although they are
leading a comfortable life.(2008?湖北卷)
A. keep with
B. stay with
C. meet with
D. live with
解析：選D。句意：在現代，盡管人們過著一
種舒適的生活，但他們必須學會忍受各種壓力
。
課文原句高考對照 課文原句高考對照
Two years have passed since that day in Dr Richards' office and my life has not yet ended.
自從那天在理查德斯醫生的辦公室后，兩年過去了，我的生命并沒有結束。
His sister left home in 1998, and ______
since.(2009?全國卷Ⅰ)
A. had not been heard of
B. has not been heard of
C. had not heard of
D. has not heard of
解析：選B。句意：他妹妹于1998離家，打那以
后，就杳無音信了。在“課文原句”中since用
作介詞；在“高考對照”中since用作副詞。
課文原句高考對照 課文原句高考對照
Many hospitals recommend that we use the letters DR ABC to remember what to do when we have to think fast.
許多醫院推薦我們使用“急救五步走”去記住當我們遇到緊急狀況時要干什么。
The doctor recommended that you ______
swim after eating a large meal.(2009?浙江卷)
A. wouldn't
B. couldn't
C. needn't
D. shouldn't
解析：選D。句意：醫生建議你在飽餐一頓后
，不應該去游泳。recommend可以用作及物動
詞，表示“勸告，建議”；當其后接賓語從句時
，謂語動詞常用“(should)+動詞原形”。在“課
文原句”中，從句中的should省去了。
語法精講
——定語從句
1.由關系代詞和關系副詞引導的定語從句；
2.由介詞＋關系代詞引導的定語從句；
3.通過關系代詞或關系副詞來考查定語從句、
狀語從句、名詞性從句的區別。
定語從句
在復合句中，修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句。引導定語從句有關系代詞和關系副詞。關系代詞和關系副詞必須放在先行詞之后，從句之首，起聯系作用，同時在從句中充當成分。
1.that指人或物，在從句中作主語或賓語，作賓語時可省略。如：
The train that was going to Shanghai was late. (that指代物the train，在從句中作主語，不能省略)
去往上海的那趟列車晚點了。
The man (that) you saw just now is our teacher.（that指代人the man，在從句中作賓語，可省略）
你剛剛看到的那個人是我們的老師。
2.which指物，在從句中作主語或賓語，作賓語時可省略，可和that換用。如：
The train which/that was going to Shanghai was late. (which指代物the train，在從句中作主語，不能省略)
The book (which/that) you want is on the desk.（which指代物the book, 在從句中作賓語，可省略）
你想要的那本書在桌子上。
下面幾種情況不能用which，而要用that引導定語從句：
（1）先行詞為all, much, little, few, something, anything, everything, nothing等時。如：
All that can be done has been done.
能做的都做了。
（2）先行詞被all, any, every, few, little, no, some等修飾時。如：
I have read all the books (that) you gave me.
我已讀完了你給我的所有的書。
（3）先行詞被序數詞或形容詞的最高級修飾時。如：
This is one of the best films (that) I have ever seen.
這是我看過的最好的電影之一。
（4）先行詞被the only, the very, the last修飾時。如：
This is the very book (that) I am after.
這正是我要找的書。
（5）先行詞既有人又有物時。如：
He spoke of the men and the things (that) he had seen abroad.
他談到他在國外見到的人和事。
3.who, whom指人，在從句中分別作主語和賓語，可和that換用。whom作賓語時也可用who替代，也可省略。如：
The boy who/that helped you is my classmate.（who指the boy, 在從句中作主語，不能省略）
幫助你的男孩是我的同學。
The man (whom/who/that) you saw just now is our teacher.
你剛才見到的那個人是我們的老師。
4.whose指人或物，在從句中作定語。當修飾物時，相當于“名詞+of which”。如：
Here is the girl whose mother works in this shop.
就是那個母親在這家商店工作的女孩。
He lives in a room whose window (=the window of which) faces south.
他住在窗戶朝南的那個房間里。
1.關系代詞which, whom在定語從句中作介詞的賓語時，可以跟介詞一起放在主句和從句之間，這時不用that；也可以把介詞放在從句中有關動詞的后面，這時也可用that代替which或whom，也可省略。如：
This is the room in which we lived last year.或This is the room (which/that) we lives in last year.
這是我們去年住的房間。
Who’s the man to whom you talked just now?或 Who’s the man (whom/that) you talked to just now?
剛才和你談話的那個人是誰？
2.“介詞＋關系代詞”中介詞的選擇
①根據從句中謂語動詞的搭配習慣。如：
This is the book about which I often talk.
= This is the book of which I often speak.
這是我經常談到的那本書。
②根據先行詞的搭配習慣。如：
I remember the day on which I first met him.
我還記得我第一次見到他的那天。
I remember the days during which I lived there.
我還記得我住在那兒的那些日子。
③同時考慮動詞和介詞的搭配關系及介詞和名詞的搭配關系。如：
He made a hole in the wall, through which he could see what was happening inside the house.
他在墻上弄了個洞，通過這個洞他能看到房子里正發生的一切。
1.when指時間，在從句中作時間狀語，可用“介詞（on, in, at, during等）＋關系代詞”代替。如：
I’ll never forget the day when (=on which) I joined the League.
我永遠都忘不了我入團的那一天。
2.where指地點，在從句中作地點狀語，可用“介詞（in, at等）＋關系代詞”代替。如：
This is the factory where (=in which) we stayed last year.
這就是我們去年待的工廠。
3.why指原因，在從句中作原因狀語，可用“介詞for＋關系代詞”代替。如：
I don’t know the reason why (=for which) he came late.
我不知道他遲到的原因。
注意：當先行詞為表時間、地點的詞時，有時不用when, where，而用which或that。試比較：
（1）This is the factory (which/that) we visited last year.
這是我們去年參觀的工廠。
（2）This is the school where we studied last year.
這是我們去年上過學的學校。
要正確把握關系代詞和關系副詞的區別，關鍵是看引導詞在定語從句中所起的作用，特別是要注意定語從句中謂語動詞的特點。如
（1）中動詞visit是及物動詞，由此判斷引導詞作賓語；
（2）中stay為不及物動詞，由此判斷引導詞作狀語。
以the way為先行詞的限制性定語從句一般由that或in which引導，通常還可以省略。如：
I don’t like the way (that/in which) you laugh at her.
我不喜歡你笑話她的那種方式。
1.限制性定語從句和主句關系密切，去掉從句，主句意義不完整，甚至不合邏輯。如：
I was the only person in our office who was invited.（去掉定語從句，主句意思不完整）
我是辦公室里唯一被邀請的人。
2.非限制性定語從句與先行詞關系不密切，去掉定語從句，句子意思仍然完整。形式上用逗號把從句和主句隔開。非限制性定語從句不能用that引導。如：
Tom’s father, who is over sixty, still works hard day and night.
湯姆的父親，60多歲了，現在仍然夜以繼日地工作。
Tom studies hard and is ready to help others, which his parents expected.
湯姆努力學習而且總是樂于助人，這點是他父母所希望的。
