2024屆高考英語基礎(chǔ)詞匯解讀：必修1module3myfirstrideonatrain

　　Module 3

　　Explanations for new words

　　1. distance

　　n.

　　an amount of space between two things or people, two points or places距離，間距you may have to walk long distances. 你可能得走很長的距離。There has been a great distance between us since our quarrel.

　　【短語】：at (from) a distance 在/從遠(yuǎn)處in the distance 在遠(yuǎn)處

　　At a distance of six miles you can’t see much.

　　We can see the ancient ruins in the distance.

　　The picture looks better at a distance.這圖遠(yuǎn)看更佳。They saw a few houses in the distance.看到遠(yuǎn)處有房子。keep one’s distance (from sb/sth);

　　keep sb/sth at a 'distance 與……保持一定距離

　　= not be too friendly or familiar with sb/sth 對…冷淡；同…疏遠(yuǎn)；與…保持一定距離Keep your distance from him. 不要和他太親近。The dog looked dangerous, so I decided to ___ from it.

　　答案: A

　　A. keep my distance

　　B. stay

　　C. keep a distance

　　D. keep my distant

　　Her father advised her to keep ______from that fellow.答案: A

　　keep away from 遠(yuǎn)離;

　　A.away

　　B.distance

　　C./

　　D.out

　　distance前要有“her”; out后接介詞of。

　　distant

　　adj.

　　“遙far away in space or time

　　Instead of stopping to speak, she passed by with only a distant nod.

　　You can hear the distant sound of the bell in the temple.

　　2. abandon vt. give up completely (a course of action, practice, or way of thinking)完全放棄(行動/做/想法)

　　a放棄；棄絕；絕望；斷念 He abandoned all hope.他放棄一切希望。He abandoned the idea.放棄注意。abandon one’s country 背棄祖國

　　abandon one’s friend 背棄朋友The man shamelessly abandoned his wife and child for another woman.無恥地拋棄了妻兒另覓新歡。

　　discontinue (a scheduled event) before completion

　　中止Fans invaded the pitch and the match was abandoned. 球迷沖進(jìn)球場，比賽被迫終止。cease to support or look after (someone); desert

　　不再撫養(yǎng)（某人），遺棄Her natural mother had abandoned her at an early age. 她的生母在她很小的時候就遺棄了她。After his mother died, he abandoned himself to grief.

　　他母親死后，他悲傷不已。

　　abandoned

　　adj.被遺棄的They set up an organization to adopt abandoned children.建立機(jī)構(gòu)收養(yǎng)被遺棄孩子。

　　3. product

　　n.

　　a substance produced during a natural, chemical, or manufacturing process

　　(自然的產(chǎn)物；物產(chǎn)的產(chǎn)品’s main product. 咖啡是巴西的主要產(chǎn)品。

　　They came here in search of new markets for their products.他們來此為他們的產(chǎn)品尋找新市場。

　　an article or substance that is manufactured or refined for sale（經(jīng)加工可出售的）作品；Farm products are the chief exports of the country.

　　This novel is the product of ten years of labour.

　　（2) produce不可數(shù)名詞, 指一切農(nóng)產(chǎn)品、天然產(chǎn)品。不加冠詞,不用復(fù)數(shù)。還可作動詞表“生產(chǎn)”使用。

　　We can buy farm produce on the market.

　　（3) production為抽象不可數(shù)名詞, 指生產(chǎn)的行為、產(chǎn)量。 指文學(xué)藝術(shù)作品時可數(shù)，如戲劇、電影等。

　　Production has increased in the last ten years.近十年產(chǎn)量得到了提高。

　　This book is one of the writer’s latest productions.

　　選詞填空__ product __of ten years of labour.

　　(2) The field __ produce __is shipped by train to other parts of the country.

　　(3) Some people don’t believe that advertising can increase _ production _.

　　(4) Farm __ products __are the chief exports of the country.

　　(5) This book is one of the writer’s latest __ productions __.

　　4. scenery

　　n. the natural features of a landscape considered in terms of their appearance風(fēng)景;景色I(xiàn) stop to admire the scenery.

　　我停下來欣賞風(fēng)景。指某地區(qū)總的自然景觀，不指特別的風(fēng)景。 指展現(xiàn)在眼前的景象是scenery的一部分；另外可指事故現(xiàn)場__ scene __.

　　(2) He stopped to appreciate the beautiful __ scenery __.

　　5. shoot

　　vt. (shot,shot)

　　kill or wound (a person or animal) with a bullet or arrow 射死射傷’t shoot it.

　　他向一只熊射擊，但是沒射中。

　　Tom shot at the strange dog but shot his own.

　　湯姆向那只陌生的狗射擊,但卻把自己的(狗)打死了。

　　短語： shoot down

　　擊落；堅決拒絕 　shoot out

　　拋出；射出；（突然）伸出

　　shoot up 急升，暴漲 　shoot at 向……開槍，射擊

　　— The eagle is dead. Who ______it?

　　— We all ______it just now. So it’s hard to tell who did it.

　　A.shot at; shot

　　B.shot; shot C.shot; shot at

　　D.shot at; shot at 答案:C

　　改錯an act of travelling from one place to another 旅行，出行’s a three days’ journey on horseback from here to there.從這兒到那兒騎馬得走三天。

　　Did you have a good journey? 你一路上順利嗎？she went on a long journey.她出發(fā)作長途旅行。your journey through life.你的人生征程。I don't envy your journey in this bad weather. 不羨慕在惡劣天氣里旅行。We travelled thousands of miles. 我們旅行了幾千英里。強(qiáng)調(diào)路上所花時間和路程He often makes a round trip to the hospital alone常一人往返醫(yī)院tour 強(qiáng)調(diào)旅行一周再轉(zhuǎn)回原出發(fā)地 a round – the – world tour 環(huán)球旅行

　　travel 無直達(dá)目的地之意，指不同方向的旅行 write an account of one’s travels寫一部游記

　　trip 指休閑或因商的短途旅行 a trip to the seaside 海濱之行

　　voyage 強(qiáng)調(diào)較遠(yuǎn)距離的水上、空中旅行 make a voyage across the Atlantic

　　(1) He came home after years of ______. A.trip

　　B.travelC.journey

　　D.voyage答案:B

　　(2) He loves sea and he dreams of going on a ______ around the world.

　　A.tripB.travelC.journeyD.voyage答案:D

　　7. train

　　v.

　　teach (a person or animal) a particular skill or type of behaviour through practice and instruction over a period of time 訓(xùn)練，培養(yǎng)

　　She is training to be a doctor.

　　They trained the soldiers to fight. 他們訓(xùn)練士兵打仗。They trained him as an engineer. 他們把他培養(yǎng)成一名工程師。make (someone) afraid or anxious 使吃驚; 驚嚇；使驚慌，使懼怕

　　Don't frighten me. He is telling the truth. 不要嚇我, 他說的是真的。Sorry，I didn’t mean to frighten you.對不起，我不是故意嚇唬你的。She was frightened to ride a bike.她不敢騎自行車。I was frightened that he might cut himself. 我怕他會傷了自己。【拓展】 frighten sb. into doing sth.frighten sb. out of doing sth.

　　嚇唬某人不去做某事

　　They frightened him into telling them the secret.

　　他們恐嚇?biāo)允顾f出秘密。He was frightened into holding his tongue. 他嚇得不敢往下說了。The child was frightened out of speaking.

　　那孩子被嚇得一聲不吭。；令別人害怕的受驚的；怕的frightful adj.令人害怕的______look. It seems______ as if he had met a tiger.答案: A

　　A.frightened; frightening

　　B.frightening; frightened

　　從他恐懼的神情看情況似乎令人驚嚇,

　　C.frightened; frightened

　　D.frightening; frightening

　　好像是他遇到了老虎。

　　9. interview

　　v.

　　meeting at which sb.is asked questions to find out if he is suitable 面試，面談

　　Applicants will be called for interview in due course.申請者將于適當(dāng)時候獲邀約面談。I'm interviewing all this afternoon. 整個下午, 我都要進(jìn)行面試。nterviewer

　　n. “主持面試者；(面試時的)主考官，面談?wù)摺薄nterviewee

　　n. “被面試者”。 大事a thing that happens or takes place, especially one of importance

　　Next day the newspapers reported the event.

　　第二天, 報紙報道了這個事件。

　　The first day at school is a big event in a child’s life.第一天上學(xué)在孩子的一生中是件大事。

　　Winning the scholarship was a great event in the boy’s life. 贏獎學(xué)金是這男孩一生中的一大事

　　運動項目

　　each of several particular contests making up a sports competition

　　

　　Some 2000 athletes competed in 20 events.

　　約2000名運動員參加了20個項目的比賽。____.

　　A.events

　　B.affairs C.incidents

　　D.accidents

　　答案: B

　　Recently CCTV station has taken great__to make a program that reviews the important__of the past 20 years.

　　A.steps;affairs　drain (someone) of their physical or mental resources; tire out

　　My father is completely exhausted.

　　我父親精疲力竭。 I’m exhausted! 我累極了。use up (resources or reserves) completely

　　He has exhausted his supply of water.他已耗盡了全部供水。

　　exhausted

　　adj. 疲憊不堪的，筋疲力盡的drained of one's physical or mental resources; very tiredbe exhausted from/by 由于某事而筋皮力竭的be tired from　由于某事而感到累的

　　We were exhausted by the climb up the hill.我們因爬上那座小山而精疲力竭。 

　　exhausting

　　adj.令人疲憊的，使人精疲力竭的a really exhausting day 令人精疲力竭的一天______.

　　A.exhaustingB.exhaustedC.being exhaustedD.having exhausted答案: B

　　12、get on (使)登上公共汽車(或火車等)；(使)騎上自行車(或馬等)Before you can learn to ride a horse, you have to be able get on it.你要學(xué)會騎馬，必須先會上馬。穿上(衣服等)；戴上(帽子等)；蓋上(蓋子等) Get on your rubbers, we have to go out in the rain.

　　穿上你的膠鞋，我們必須在雨天外出。13、get offExcuse me, I have to get off at the next stop. 勞駕，我在下站下車。

　　b(使)離開；(使)動身

　　We have to get off early tomorrow.

　　我們明天一早必須動身。

　　c (從…)脫下(衣服等)；拿開(某物)

　　Her finger had swollen so much that she couldn't get her ring off.

　　她的手指腫得很厲害，連戒指都取不下來了。

　　get about 四處走動

　　get back 回來，取回，繼續(xù)

　　get behind 落后

　　get down to 開始做

　　get out 出去/走開，逃離，泄露，從…下來，出版/發(fā)行，解決/答出

　　get together 相聚，聚集

　　get on 上車

　　get around 傳播

　　get over 爬過；克服；熬過

　　get in 進(jìn)入；收獲；收（稅等）

　　get along / on (with) 相處；進(jìn)展

　　get away 逃離，離開

　　get rid of 除掉，擺脫

　　get through 通過；做完；看完

　　get up 起床，起身

　　14、… 是……的縮寫

　　Alex can be short for Alexander.

　　Alex 是Alexander 的縮寫。

　　be short of = lack 缺乏/短少

　　to be short 簡單的說/簡言之

　　in short 簡言之/總之

　　for short 簡略為/縮寫

　　15. not...any more = no more 不再

　　鏈接：not … any more = no more

　　not … any longer = no longer

　　辨析：not...any more 表示次數(shù)不再繼續(xù)；而 not ...any longer 表示時間不再繼續(xù)。

　　如： She didn't cry any more.

　　他哭了好幾次，他不再哭了。

　　He couldn't wait any longer.

　　他等了很久，不能再等了。

　　16. out of date 過時的；老式的；過期的　

　　Your idea has gone out of date.觀念已過時了。

　　Will jeans ever go out of date? 牛仔褲會過時嗎?

　　up to date 時興的, 現(xiàn)代化的；最新式的

　　All the data are up to date.所有的數(shù)據(jù)都是最新的。

　　短語： have a date with 和…有約會

　　　date back to/from可以追溯到……

　　This site is ___ and has been taken down.

　　A. out of day

　　B. out of time

　　C. out of date

　　D. up to date

　　提示: 句意:這個網(wǎng)站已過時,被取消了。out of fashion指時尚;而此處是指網(wǎng)站已過時。答案:C

　　Module 3

　　Explanations for new words

　　1. distance

　　n.

　　an amount of space between two things or people, two points or places距離，間距you may have to walk long distances. 你可能得走很長的距離。There has been a great distance between us since our quarrel.

　　【短語】：at (from) a distance 在/從遠(yuǎn)處in the distance 在遠(yuǎn)處

　　At a distance of six miles you can’t see much.

　　We can see the ancient ruins in the distance.

　　The picture looks better at a distance.這圖遠(yuǎn)看更佳。They saw a few houses in the distance.看到遠(yuǎn)處有房子。keep one’s distance (from sb/sth);

　　keep sb/sth at a 'distance 與……保持一定距離

　　= not be too friendly or familiar with sb/sth 對…冷淡；同…疏遠(yuǎn)；與…保持一定距離Keep your distance from him. 不要和他太親近。The dog looked dangerous, so I decided to ___ from it.

　　答案: A

　　A. keep my distance

　　B. stay

　　C. keep a distance

　　D. keep my distant

　　Her father advised her to keep ______from that fellow.答案: A

　　keep away from 遠(yuǎn)離;

　　A.away

　　B.distance

　　C./

　　D.out

　　distance前要有“her”; out后接介詞of。

　　distant

　　adj.

　　“遙far away in space or time

　　Instead of stopping to speak, she passed by with only a distant nod.

　　You can hear the distant sound of the bell in the temple.

　　2. abandon vt. give up completely (a course of action, practice, or way of thinking)完全放棄(行動/做/想法)

　　a放棄；棄絕；絕望；斷念 He abandoned all hope.他放棄一切希望。He abandoned the idea.放棄注意。abandon one’s country 背棄祖國

　　abandon one’s friend 背棄朋友The man shamelessly abandoned his wife and child for another woman.無恥地拋棄了妻兒另覓新歡。

　　discontinue (a scheduled event) before completion

　　中止Fans invaded the pitch and the match was abandoned. 球迷沖進(jìn)球場，比賽被迫終止。cease to support or look after (someone); desert

　　不再撫養(yǎng)（某人），遺棄Her natural mother had abandoned her at an early age. 她的生母在她很小的時候就遺棄了她。After his mother died, he abandoned himself to grief.

　　他母親死后，他悲傷不已。

　　abandoned

　　adj.被遺棄的They set up an organization to adopt abandoned children.建立機(jī)構(gòu)收養(yǎng)被遺棄孩子。

　　3. product

　　n.

　　a substance produced during a natural, chemical, or manufacturing process

　　(自然的產(chǎn)物；物產(chǎn)的產(chǎn)品’s main product. 咖啡是巴西的主要產(chǎn)品。

　　They came here in search of new markets for their products.他們來此為他們的產(chǎn)品尋找新市場。

　　an article or substance that is manufactured or refined for sale（經(jīng)加工可出售的）作品；Farm products are the chief exports of the country.

　　This novel is the product of ten years of labour.

　　（2) produce不可數(shù)名詞, 指一切農(nóng)產(chǎn)品、天然產(chǎn)品。不加冠詞,不用復(fù)數(shù)。還可作動詞表“生產(chǎn)”使用。

　　We can buy farm produce on the market.

　　（3) production為抽象不可數(shù)名詞, 指生產(chǎn)的行為、產(chǎn)量。 指文學(xué)藝術(shù)作品時可數(shù)，如戲劇、電影等。

　　Production has increased in the last ten years.近十年產(chǎn)量得到了提高。

　　This book is one of the writer’s latest productions.

　　選詞填空__ product __of ten years of labour.

　　(2) The field __ produce __is shipped by train to other parts of the country.

　　(3) Some people don’t believe that advertising can increase _ production _.

　　(4) Farm __ products __are the chief exports of the country.

　　(5) This book is one of the writer’s latest __ productions __.

　　4. scenery

　　n. the natural features of a landscape considered in terms of their appearance風(fēng)景;景色I(xiàn) stop to admire the scenery.

　　我停下來欣賞風(fēng)景。指某地區(qū)總的自然景觀，不指特別的風(fēng)景。 指展現(xiàn)在眼前的景象是scenery的一部分；另外可指事故現(xiàn)場__ scene __.

　　(2) He stopped to appreciate the beautiful __ scenery __.

　　5. shoot

　　vt. (shot,shot)

　　kill or wound (a person or animal) with a bullet or arrow 射死射傷’t shoot it.

　　他向一只熊射擊，但是沒射中。

　　Tom shot at the strange dog but shot his own.

　　湯姆向那只陌生的狗射擊,但卻把自己的(狗)打死了。

　　短語： shoot down

　　擊落；堅決拒絕 　shoot out

　　拋出；射出；（突然）伸出

　　shoot up 急升，暴漲 　shoot at 向……開槍，射擊

　　— The eagle is dead. Who ______it?

　　— We all ______it just now. So it’s hard to tell who did it.

　　A.shot at; shot

　　B.shot; shot C.shot; shot at

　　D.shot at; shot at 答案:C

　　改錯an act of travelling from one place to another 旅行，出行’s a three days’ journey on horseback from here to there.從這兒到那兒騎馬得走三天。

　　Did you have a good journey? 你一路上順利嗎？she went on a long journey.她出發(fā)作長途旅行。your journey through life.你的人生征程。I don't envy your journey in this bad weather. 不羨慕在惡劣天氣里旅行。We travelled thousands of miles. 我們旅行了幾千英里。強(qiáng)調(diào)路上所花時間和路程He often makes a round trip to the hospital alone常一人往返醫(yī)院tour 強(qiáng)調(diào)旅行一周再轉(zhuǎn)回原出發(fā)地 a round – the – world tour 環(huán)球旅行

　　travel 無直達(dá)目的地之意，指不同方向的旅行 write an account of one’s travels寫一部游記

　　trip 指休閑或因商的短途旅行 a trip to the seaside 海濱之行

　　voyage 強(qiáng)調(diào)較遠(yuǎn)距離的水上、空中旅行 make a voyage across the Atlantic

　　(1) He came home after years of ______. A.trip

　　B.travelC.journey

　　D.voyage答案:B

　　(2) He loves sea and he dreams of going on a ______ around the world.

　　A.tripB.travelC.journeyD.voyage答案:D

　　7. train

　　v.

　　teach (a person or animal) a particular skill or type of behaviour through practice and instruction over a period of time 訓(xùn)練，培養(yǎng)

　　She is training to be a doctor.

　　They trained the soldiers to fight. 他們訓(xùn)練士兵打仗。They trained him as an engineer. 他們把他培養(yǎng)成一名工程師。make (someone) afraid or anxious 使吃驚; 驚嚇；使驚慌，使懼怕

　　Don't frighten me. He is telling the truth. 不要嚇我, 他說的是真的。Sorry，I didn’t mean to frighten you.對不起，我不是故意嚇唬你的。She was frightened to ride a bike.她不敢騎自行車。I was frightened that he might cut himself. 我怕他會傷了自己。【拓展】 frighten sb. into doing sth.frighten sb. out of doing sth.

　　嚇唬某人不去做某事

　　They frightened him into telling them the secret.

　　他們恐嚇?biāo)允顾f出秘密。He was frightened into holding his tongue. 他嚇得不敢往下說了。The child was frightened out of speaking.

　　那孩子被嚇得一聲不吭。；令別人害怕的受驚的；怕的frightful adj.令人害怕的______look. It seems______ as if he had met a tiger.答案: A

　　A.frightened; frightening

　　B.frightening; frightened

　　從他恐懼的神情看情況似乎令人驚嚇,

　　C.frightened; frightened

　　D.frightening; frightening

　　好像是他遇到了老虎。

　　9. interview

　　v.

　　meeting at which sb.is asked questions to find out if he is suitable 面試，面談

　　Applicants will be called for interview in due course.申請者將于適當(dāng)時候獲邀約面談。I'm interviewing all this afternoon. 整個下午, 我都要進(jìn)行面試。nterviewer

　　n. “主持面試者；(面試時的)主考官，面談?wù)摺薄nterviewee

　　n. “被面試者”。 大事a thing that happens or takes place, especially one of importance

　　Next day the newspapers reported the event.

　　第二天, 報紙報道了這個事件。

　　The first day at school is a big event in a child’s life.第一天上學(xué)在孩子的一生中是件大事。

　　Winning the scholarship was a great event in the boy’s life. 贏獎學(xué)金是這男孩一生中的一大事

　　運動項目

　　each of several particular contests making up a sports competition

　　

　　Some 2000 athletes competed in 20 events.

　　約2000名運動員參加了20個項目的比賽。____.

　　A.events

　　B.affairs C.incidents

　　D.accidents

　　答案: B

　　Recently CCTV station has taken great__to make a program that reviews the important__of the past 20 years.

　　A.steps;affairs　drain (someone) of their physical or mental resources; tire out

　　My father is completely exhausted.

　　我父親精疲力竭。 I’m exhausted! 我累極了。use up (resources or reserves) completely

　　He has exhausted his supply of water.他已耗盡了全部供水。

　　exhausted

　　adj. 疲憊不堪的，筋疲力盡的drained of one's physical or mental resources; very tiredbe exhausted from/by 由于某事而筋皮力竭的be tired from　由于某事而感到累的

　　We were exhausted by the climb up the hill.我們因爬上那座小山而精疲力竭。 

　　exhausting

　　adj.令人疲憊的，使人精疲力竭的a really exhausting day 令人精疲力竭的一天______.

　　A.exhaustingB.exhaustedC.being exhaustedD.having exhausted答案: B

　　12、get on (使)登上公共汽車(或火車等)；(使)騎上自行車(或馬等)Before you can learn to ride a horse, you have to be able get on it.你要學(xué)會騎馬，必須先會上馬。穿上(衣服等)；戴上(帽子等)；蓋上(蓋子等) Get on your rubbers, we have to go out in the rain.

　　穿上你的膠鞋，我們必須在雨天外出。13、get offExcuse me, I have to get off at the next stop. 勞駕，我在下站下車。

　　b(使)離開；(使)動身

　　We have to get off early tomorrow.

　　我們明天一早必須動身。

　　c (從…)脫下(衣服等)；拿開(某物)

　　Her finger had swollen so much that she couldn't get her ring off.

　　她的手指腫得很厲害，連戒指都取不下來了。

　　get about 四處走動

　　get back 回來，取回，繼續(xù)

　　get behind 落后

　　get down to 開始做

　　get out 出去/走開，逃離，泄露，從…下來，出版/發(fā)行，解決/答出

　　get together 相聚，聚集

　　get on 上車

　　get around 傳播

　　get over 爬過；克服；熬過

　　get in 進(jìn)入；收獲；收（稅等）

　　get along / on (with) 相處；進(jìn)展

　　get away 逃離，離開

　　get rid of 除掉，擺脫

　　get through 通過；做完；看完

　　get up 起床，起身

　　14、… 是……的縮寫

　　Alex can be short for Alexander.

　　Alex 是Alexander 的縮寫。

　　be short of = lack 缺乏/短少

　　to be short 簡單的說/簡言之

　　in short 簡言之/總之

　　for short 簡略為/縮寫

　　15. not...any more = no more 不再

　　鏈接：not … any more = no more

　　not … any longer = no longer

　　辨析：not...any more 表示次數(shù)不再繼續(xù)；而 not ...any longer 表示時間不再繼續(xù)。

　　如： She didn't cry any more.

　　他哭了好幾次，他不再哭了。

　　He couldn't wait any longer.

　　他等了很久，不能再等了。

　　16. out of date 過時的；老式的；過期的　

　　Your idea has gone out of date.觀念已過時了。

　　Will jeans ever go out of date? 牛仔褲會過時嗎?

　　up to date 時興的, 現(xiàn)代化的；最新式的

　　All the data are up to date.所有的數(shù)據(jù)都是最新的。

　　短語： have a date with 和…有約會

　　　date back to/from可以追溯到……

　　This site is ___ and has been taken down.

　　A. out of day

　　B. out of time

　　C. out of date

　　D. up to date

　　提示: 句意:這個網(wǎng)站已過時,被取消了。out of fashion指時尚;而此處是指網(wǎng)站已過時。答案:C