2024高考英語二輪（閱讀理解）能力提升演練（01）及答案
2024高考英語二輪（閱讀理解）能力提升演練（01）及答案
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Do you find getting up in the morning so difficult that it's painful? This might be called laziness, but Dr. Kleitman has a new explanation. He has proved that everyone has a daily energy cycle.
During the hours when you labour through your work you may say that you' re "hot". That' s true. The time of the day when you feel most energetic is when your cycle of body temperature is at its peak. For some people the peak comes during the forenoon. For others it comes in the afternoon or evening. No one has discovered why this is so, but it brads to such familar monologues as "Get up, John! You'll be late for work a gain! "The possible explanation to the trouble is that John is at his temperature-and-energy peak in the evening. Much family quarrelling ends when husbands and wives realise what these energy cycles mean, and which cycle each member of the family has.
You can't change your energy cycle, but you can learn to make your life fit it better. Habit can help. Dr. Kleitman believes. Maybe you' re sleepy in the evening but feel you must stay up late anyway. Counteract your cycle to some extent by habitually staying up later than you want to. If your energy is low in the morning but you have an important job to do early in the day, rise before your usual hour. This won't change your eyery, but you'll get up steam and work better at your low point.
Get off to a slow start which saves your energy. Get up with a leisurely yawn and stretch. Sit on the edge of the bed a minute before putting your feet on the floor. Aviod the trouble- some search for clean clothes by laying them out the night before. Whenever possible, do routine work in the afternoon and save tasks requiring more energy or concentration for your shaper hours.
1. If a person finds getting up early a problem, most probably_________.
A. he is a lazy person
B. he refuses to follow his own energy cycle
C. he is not sure when his energy is low
D. he is at his peak in the afternoon or evening
答案：
2. Which of the following may lead to family quarrels according to the passage?
A. Unwareness of energy cycles.
B. Familiar monologues.
C. A change in a family member's energy cycle.
D. Attempts to control the energy cycle of other family members.
答案：
3. If one wants to work more efficiently at his low point in the morning, he should___________.
A. change his energy cycle
B. overcome his laziness
C. get up earlier than usual
D. go to bed earlier
答案：答案：A
Words：324 難度系數：★★★ 建議用時：8分鐘
Games originally are entertainment.Contemporary games are very realistic and for this reason they are a source of great experience for the player and develop the imagination.Games are entertainment and even more than that.The statistics(統計) of the New York University led by Green claim that the player preferring active games get improvement of some types of brain activity.In particular，game players deal with problems of simultaneously (同時地) tracking several moving objects at the average level of 30% better than people who do not play active computer video games.The “gaming” violent experience may not be the cause of violent behavior in reality.None of the playing experience will become the priority in making important decisions concerning problems in real life.A game is an abstraction(虛擬物)．A player gets abstract tasks and acts according to abstract rules.
Games are also the possibility to be however a person wants to be and to rest from the outside world for some time.But what if a person gets so much excited with the game scenes that he becomes violent in reality? Then，it proves that the games cause people to become violent in reality.But a psychologically healthy person will never confuse these two different worlds.A game is a virtual world with visual images very similar to human.These images represent by themselves nothing but playing obstacles(障礙)．A game may potentially give the opportunity to “destroy the obstacles” that may not be destroyed according to the rules but it is more about personal choice whether to do it or not.This leads us to the conclusion that violence is not a consequence but the cause.People who are originally trended to violence may get into a temper by games and perform violence in the “real world”．But in this case violence in games is a simple justification (理由) of the violent nature of the players.
【解題導語】 本文論述游戲是娛樂形式卻遠不止供人娛樂，還能提高打游戲者同時注意觀察多個移動物體的能力，因為心理健康的人不會混淆游戲中的虛擬世界和生活中的現實世界。
1．The passage is ________.
A．a story B．a descriptive writing
C．an argumentative writing
D．a scientific essay
解析：選C。判斷文章體裁。短文主要論證游戲對游戲愛好者行為和心理的影響，所以這是篇議論文。
2．In the first paragraph the author used the statistics to prove that ________.
A．games can provide experience for the players
B．games can help develop players’ imagination
C．games can cause violent behavior
D．games are more than entertainment
解析：選D。確定段落主題(論點)。第一段第三句句意為：游戲是娛樂但又遠不止娛樂。這是本段的論點，下一句用統計數字作為論據來論證這一觀點。
3．What is the author’s attitude towards the “computer games”？
A．“Violent games” can lead to the performance of violence in the“real world.”
B．Violence is not a consequence of the “computer games” but the cause.
C．Games are just entertainment and nothing more.
D．The “virtual world” and the “real world” are just the same.
解析：選B。判斷作者態度題。第二段倒數第三句是作者的結論：這使我們得出暴力不是后果而是導致后果的原因這樣的結論。所以作者認為暴力傾向不是電腦游戲造成的后果而是人們喜歡暴力、玩暴力游戲的原因。
4．The best title for this passage is ________.
A．Violent games cause violence
B．Games：good or bad?
C．The cause of violence
D．The consequence of games
解析：選B。確定文章標題。短文主要論述了游戲的作用及與暴力的關系，作者用統計數據和理論分析說明：人的暴力傾向不是玩游戲的結果而是人們喜歡暴力游戲的原因。所以B項作短文標題較為合適。
B
Words：290 難度系數：★★ 建議用時：7分鐘
(2024·安徽自主命題仿真卷)My name is Lanier Lobdell, and I am a 55-year-old woman with
rheumatoid arthritis (風濕性關節炎), or RA.RA is a disease that mostly affects the joints, but it can also affect internal organs.I have had RA for almost 21 years, and it definitely has changed my life, however, I try not to live my life like I have a disease.
For me, attitude is everything.I always try to find humor in the situation or try to ignore it, but that does not always work.These days I can hardly walk due to my ankles, yet I still try and do the things I always did.I love riding my motorcycle, and I try to take long trips every year.
This year I got involved with some folks who make the biologic medicine I am on, to create the Going the Extra Mile Tour to raise awareness about RA.The tour will take me across the country and back on my motorcycle, making stops along the way to meet with local Arthritis Foundation (AF) chapters and people who are affected by all forms of arthritis
including RA.
I want to encourage people not to let RA stop them from living their lives the best they can.There are so many new medicines coming out these days, and they can really help.People have to be their own supporters and get informed－knowledge is power.Talk to your doctor and focus on what you can do－not what you can’t.Rest when your body is telling you to and push and keep going when you can.Learn to listen to your body－that’s how I deal with having RA.
【解題導語】 本文是一篇記敘文。作者是一位風濕性關節炎患者，但其樂觀向上，使自己過好生活中的每一天，并積極將自己的樂觀心態傳遞給其他病友，與他們分享與病魔抗爭的力量和勇氣。
5．Lanier Lobdell is a woman ________.
A．who got RA at the age of 32
B．who suffers from a blood disease
C．who has retired from work for 21 years
D．who’d like to share her experience with RA
解析：選D。細節理解題。A，B和C均可根據第一段內容予以排除。根據最后一段(尤其是首句)可知。
6．Lanier Lobdell took part in the Going the Extra Mile Tour ________.
A．to call for attention to RA patients
B．to compete for a medal in the tour
C．to show her love for motor riding
D．to share interest with some talks
解析：選A。細節理解題。根據第三段首句中的“to raise awareness about RA”可知，A正確。
7．In the last paragraph, the author wants to tell us ________.
A．how she manages to be positive
B．how she helps other RA patients to be positive
C．why being positive can help RA patients
D．how RA patients manages to be positive
解析：選B。主旨大意題。本段作者主要講述自己如何幫助其他病友也保持樂觀向上的心態，與病魔抗爭，根據本段首句即可知道，故選B。
8．It can be inferred that Lanier Lobdell is ________.
A．easy-going
B．happy-go-lucky
C．strong-minded
D．well-informed
解析：選C。推理判斷題。根據前三段內容可知，盡管作者身患風濕性關節炎21年，但其意志堅強、樂觀向上，不但沒有被病魔擊垮，相反積極參與摩托車賽活動，并且激勵其他風濕性關節炎患者與病魔抗爭，故選C。
C
Words：318 難度系數：★★ 建議用時：8分鐘
Frederick Law Olmsted (1822～1903)，a Connecticut farm boy，saw his first public park in Liverpool，England，as he accompanied his brother on a walking tour.He was impressed by the park’s winding paths，open fields，lakes and bridges.Perhaps the most wonderful things of all was that the park was open to everyone.
A moment beginning in 1840 to set aside park land on New York City’s Manhattan Island had a successful result in 1856 with the purchase of 840 acres of rocky and swampy(沼澤) land，bought with about $5 million in state funds.Olmsted’s chance meeting with a project organizer led to his applying for the job of park manager.In 1857 Olmsted was appointed manager of the proposed park，and the clearing of the site began.
Calvert Vaux，a British architect，asked Olmsted to collaborate with him on a park design，and Olmsted agreed.Vaux saw the park as a work of art，while Olmsted saw the park as a place for people to escape the noise of the city.Together they invented a plan that would give the persons and animals living in the city a quiet，green park and would also preserve and increase the good qualities of the natural features of the land.The commissioners voted in favor of Vaux and Olmsted’s plan，and in 1858，the two became the official designers of New York City’s Central Park.
It took millions of cartloads of topsoil to build Central Park’s gentle slopes，shady glens，and steep rocky ravines.Five million trees were planted，a water-supply system was laid，and bridges，arches，roads and paths were constructed.The park officially opened in 1876，and today，well over a century later，people still escape the noise of the city in Olmsted and Vaux’s great work of art.
【解題導語】 本文介紹美國兩位公園設計師Vaux和Olmsted設計美國第一座公園紐約市中央公園的過程及意圖。一個多世紀后的今天，人們為了躲避喧囂的城市依然來到紐約市中心公園，享受自然、恬靜和安逸。
9．What is the text mainly about?
A．A history of the planning of Central Park.
B．An engineering plan for Central Park.
C．A biography of Frederick Law Olmsted.
D．A guided walking tour of Central Park.
解析：選A。確定文章主題。短文主要介紹了紐約市中央公園的設計者以及他們修筑公園的意圖和過程，所以用A項作短文標題較合適。
10．Olmsted became manager of Central Park because of ________.
A．his friendship with Calvert Vaux
B．his hard work in clearing the land
C．his winning a design competition
D．a chance meeting with one of the park’s organizers
解析：選D。細節把握題。由第二段第二句可知，Olmsted和一位工程項目組織者的不期而遇促使他申請做公園主管人的職位，所以本題D項正確。
11．The underlined word “collaborate” in the third paragraph means ________.
A．disagree B．comment
C．vote
D．work together
解析：選D。詞義猜測題。第三段從第二句開始說明Vaux與Olmsted是如何共同計劃建造一座自然公園的，所以collaborate的意思為協同工作。
12．Which of the following is TRUE about Central Park?
A．It is out of date nowadays.
B．The designers came from the same country.
C．It is an old park in America.
D．It is only for people who can well afford it.
解析：選C。細節把握題。短文最后一句意為：一個多世紀后的今天，人們仍然在Olmsted和Vaux偉大的藝術作品——紐約市中心公園里逃避城市的喧囂。由此可以看出，C項正確。
D
Words：405 難度系數：★★★ 建議用時：9分鐘
A common misconception (誤解) －about scholarships is that they are only available for the smartest students with the highest GPAs.However, this just isn’t even close to true.There are scholarships out there for every type of student seeking a college education.Let’s take a look at each type a bit more in depth.
Academic Scholarships
Academic scholarships are also often referred to as merit (優點) scholarships, though a merit scholarship can mean anything that has some level of contest to it.These are fox; the students with the 4.0 GPAs, the years as a part of several extracurricular (課外的) activities and the well-rounded applications.They typically have the highest payouts and are considered very well-known as they are often national awards.
Athletic Scholarships
For students with strong academics (學業的) and physical skills, athletic scholarships are the way to go.There is practically a scholarship for every single sport, from volleyball to football; gymnastics to cheerleading.So, if you are good at anything physical，you should definitely pursue an athletic scholarship.
Scholarships for Minorities
There are also many scholarships for minorities available.Some of these are general and for all minorities as a collective whole, while others are intended for individual ethnic (種族的) groups.It is also a good idea to apply for a minority scholarship if you are part of fully of a certain ethnicity.You will get to represent your culture and possibly win money－what more could you ask for?
Scholarships for Women
As with the scholarships for minorities above, there are also scholarships specifically for women.Since colleges were dominated (主宰) by men for many years, scholarships have been created for strong, career-minded women that need assistance paying for college expenses.If you are female, it is strongly recommended you pursue a scholarship for women.Moreover, scholarships for women are typically available in just about any field.Be specific!
【解題導語】 本文是一篇信息材料類說明文。文章為我們介紹的是美國大學中四種不同類型的獎學金。
