2024屆高考英語二輪復習講義課件：第1部分 語法專題突破 專題3（全國卷Ⅱ）
專題強 化訓練 2024高考導航——適用于全國卷Ⅰ 專題3 動詞的時態和語態 考查點 2024 2024 2024 命題趨勢 動詞時態 全國卷Ⅱ48題[一般現在時] 1.全國卷Ⅱ45題[一般過去時] 2.全國卷Ⅱ短文改錯第二處[一般過去時→一般現在時] 全國卷Ⅱ短文改錯第四處[一般現在時→一般過去時] 在語法填空及短文改錯中側重考查一般時、進行時及完成時。通常是根據所設置的語境中的信息判斷時態以及主謂語之間的主動或被動關系。 動詞語態 全國卷Ⅱ短文改錯第六處[一般過去時被動語態→一般過去時主動語態] 未考 未考 1．(2024·高考全國卷Ⅱ，語法填空，節選)This cycle_______ (go) day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset(抵消) for the outside temperatures. 2．If it____________(turn) cold again，they’ll dive back
down.But they come out again if it is warm.Last，how much
will an ant gather during the summer to prepare for the
winter? 考點一 一般時 goes turns 3．The boy____________(open)his eyes for a moment， looked at the captain，and then died. 4．(2024·遼寧東北育才中學高考適應性模擬)If I hold it for a minute，that’s not a problem.If I hold it for an hour，I____________(have) an ache in my right arm.If I hold it for a day，you’ll have to call an ambulance. opened will have 1．一般現在時 (1)一般現在時表示經常性或習慣性的動作或存在的狀態。由動詞原形或動詞的第三人稱單數形式(be動詞的一般現在時用am/is/are)構成。 My dream school starts at 8：30 a．m. and ends at 3：30 p．m..我理想的學校上午8：30上課，下午3：30放學。 (2)如果主句是一般將來時，那么在由when，while，before，after，until，as soon as等引導的時間狀語從句，if和unless引導的條件狀語從句及讓步狀語從句中，可用一般現在時代替一般將來時，表示將來的動作或狀態。 The president hopes that the people will be better off when he quits than when he started. 這位總統希望人民在他離任時比他剛上任時更富有。 2．一般過去時 (1)常表示過去某一時間所發生的動作或存在的狀態，常與表示過去的時間狀語連用；也可表示過去習慣性的動作。 (2024·高考重慶卷，單項填空，改編)—Is Peter coming? ——彼得要來嗎？ —No，he changed his mind after a phone call at the last minute. ——不來了。在最后時刻接了一個電話后他改變了主意。 (2024·高考湖南卷，單項填空，改編)I wasn’t able to hide
my eagerness when I asked，“What do you wish me to do
now？” 當我問：“你現在想要我做什么？”的時候，我掩飾不住內心的渴望之情。 (2)有些句子，雖然沒有明確地表示過去的時間狀語，但實際上指的是過去發生的動作或狀態，也要用一般過去時。常見的此類動詞有know，think，expect，want等。 Edward，you play so well.But I didn’t know you played the piano. 愛德華，你彈得真好。但是我原來不知道你會彈鋼琴。 3．一般將來時 “shall/will＋動詞原形”表示現在看來以后要發生的動作或存在的狀態。“will＋動詞原形”還可以表示說話時臨時做出的決定。 (2024·高考北京卷，單項填空，改編)—Dr.Jackson is not in his office at the moment. ——杰克遜博士現在不在辦公室。 —All right.I will call him later. ——好的。我稍后給他打電話。 I hope you will behave yourself at the dinner party. 我希望你在晚宴上表現得大方得體。 單句語法填空 1． (2024·大慶質量檢測二) Years ago，when I was a poor artist trying to sell my paintings in local galleries，I____________(live) in the heart of a city. 2． (2024·云南昭通二模) Therefore，maintaining a healthy diet not only____________(provide) your body with energy but also numerous health benefits. lived provides 3． (2024·吉林白城考前質量檢測二) Man changes his living habits in order to adjust to climate，but climate___________ (change) as well，though more slowly.By learning more about his climate，man will find a way to adapt to or control it and live a more comfortable life. 4． (2024·四川德陽五校聯考)—I was very angry with Kelvin yesterday. —I know your feelings，but if you forgive him，you________ (be) a bigger man. changes will be 1． (2024·大慶二輪復習檢測) He____________(look) for a house when he saw an advertisement in a newspaper one day. 2．(2024·高考陜西卷，語法和詞匯知識，改編)Marty ___________________(work) really hard on his book and he thinks he’ll have finished it by Friday. 3． (2024·遼寧鞍山一中模擬) McDonald’s __________(work) hard to get its customers back now.In January，the company ran an advertisement during the Super Bowl. 考點二 進行時 was looking has been working is working 1．現在進行時 (1)表示說話時正在進行或發生的動作，也可表示當前一段時間內的活動或現階段正在進行著的動作或存在的狀態。 —I hear you are working in a pub.What’s it like? ——我聽說你在酒吧工作。感覺怎么樣？ —Well，it’s very hard work and I’m always tired，but I don’t mind. ——哦，工作很辛苦，我也總是很累，不過我不介意。 (2)某些表示位置移動的動詞，如come，go，leave，arrive，start，move等詞，可用現在進行時表示即將發生或計劃要做的事。 The ship is leaving for New York soon. 這條船很快就要開往紐約。 2．過去進行時 (1)表示過去某時正在發生的動作,或與過去發生的某事同時發生的動作;也可表示過去某個時間段內一直在進行的動作。 I walked slowly through the market，where people were selling all kinds of fruits and vegetables.I studied the prices carefully and bought what I needed. 我慢慢地走過一個市場，人們在那里銷售各種各樣的水果 與蔬菜。我認真地研究了它們的價格之后，買了些我所需要 的。 (2)短暫性動詞可用過去進行時表示過去按計劃、安排要做的 事。 I was coming to visit you later that day，but I had to phone and cancel.我本打算那天晚些時候去看你，但是我不得不打電話取消了。 3．將來進行時 表示將來某時或某一時段正在進行的動作，常表示事情的正常發展。 —Can I call you back at two o’clock this afternoon? ——今天下午兩點我給你回電話可以嗎？ —I’m sorry，but by then I will be flying to Beijing.How about five? ——對不起，那時我正飛往北京，五點鐘怎么樣？ 單句語法填空 1． (2024·遼寧大連八中高三診斷)“I____________(eat) with my wife and children，”he said，“when we heard a loud noise.A few minutes later our house fell down on top of us.” 2． (2024·廣西南寧模擬) Alice and her classmates_______________(enjoy) their holiday this time next month. 3． (2024·云南師大附中模擬) They have lit our dinnertime，the bedrooms and now I____________(sit) by one in the kitchen. was eating will be enjoying am sitting 1． (2024·云南保山質檢) At last firefighters have put out a big forest fire in California.Since then，they__________(set) about finding out how the fire began. 2． (2024·吉林長春市十一高中模擬) One Friday afternoon,after she had finished shopping and had taken all the things to her car,she found that she____________(forget) to buy some sugar. 3． (2024·四川成都七中質檢) That was the first time
I____________(be) to Hong Kong so I had great difficulty finding the hotel. 考點三 完成時 have set had forgotten had been 一、現在完成時 1．表示過去發生的或已經完成的某一動作對現在造成了影響或結果，常與lately，recently，so far，by now，up to/till
now，in the last/past few days/years等時間狀語連用。 Progress has been so far very good and we are sure that the work will be finished on time.到目前為止，工作進展得很順 利，我們確信一定會按時完工。 2．表示過去已經開始，一直持續到現在(也許還會繼續進行下去)的動作或狀態，常與“since＋時間點”或“for＋時間段”等表示一段時間的狀語連用。 —I remember you were a talented pianist at college.Can you play the piano for me? ——我記得你在大學時是一位極有才華的鋼琴師。你能為我彈鋼琴嗎？ —Sorry，I haven’t played the piano for years. ——抱歉，我好多年沒有彈鋼琴了。 二、過去完成時 1．表示到過去某一時間之前動作已經完成，即“過去的過 去”。或表示從過去某一時間開始，延續到過去另一時間的 動作或狀態，這一動作或狀態可能一直持續到過去這一時 刻，也可能將繼續下去。 By the time Jack returned home from England，his son had graduated from college. 杰克從英國回到家時，他的兒子已經大學畢業了。 2．有時可表示一種未實現的愿望或想法，常用于該用法的動詞有intend，mean，hope，want，plan，suppose，expect，think等。 He had intended to speak，but time did not permit. 他本想發言，可是時間不允許。 三、完成進行時 完成進行時表示從過去某一時刻開始，一直持續到現在的動 作。這一動作可能剛完成，也可能仍在進行，具有持續性和未完成性。該時態多用于延續性動詞。 The manager has been telling the workers how to improve the program since 9 a．m..從上午9點開始，經理就一直在告訴工人們如何改進這個項目。 In order to find the missing child，villagers have been doing all they can over the past five hours.為了找到那個失蹤的孩子，過去的五小時里，村民們做了他們所能做的一切。 四、將來完成時 將來完成時表示在將來的某一時間之前將會完成的動作，并往往對將來的某一時間產生影響。由“shall/will＋have＋過去分詞”構成。 By the time Mr.Smith arrives at the supermarket，we will have stayed there for one hour.等史密斯先生到達超市時，我們將已經在那里待了一個小時了。 名師指津 常用完成時的句型 句型 例句 It is/has been＋一段時間＋since從句．(since從句用一般過去時) It was/had been＋一段時間＋since從句．(since從句用過去完成時) It was three years since we had been there.我們在那兒已待了三年。 It/This is the first/second/...time＋that sb.have/has done...；It/This was the first/second/...time＋that sb.had done... This is the first time we have seen a film in the cinema as a family. 這是我們全家人第一次到電影院看電影。 句型 例句 That/This/It is/was＋最高級＋名詞＋定語從句．(從句常用完成時) In his view，too，that was the best poem that he had ever written.他也認為，那是他所寫得最好的詩。 Hardly/Scarcely...when...；No sooner...than...(主句常用過去完成時，從句用一般過去時) Hardly had the game begun when it started raining.比賽剛剛開始就下起雨來。 單句語法填空 1.(2024·遼寧營口二模) Global oil prices_______________(fall) since June as demand weakens in China and Europe while output in the United States grows steadily. 2．(2024·高考北京卷，單項填空，改編)In the last few
years，China____________(make) great achievements in
environmental protection. have been falling has made 3． (2024·吉林通化質檢) Mr.White____________(work) in
our school for nearly forty years before he retired last month. 4． (2024·四川南充模擬) By next Thursday，they__________________(complete) the construction of the new school. had worked will have completed 專題強 化訓練
專題強 化訓練 2024高考導航——適用于全國卷Ⅰ 專題3 動詞的時態和語態 考查點 2024 2024 2024 命題趨勢 動詞時態 全國卷Ⅱ48題[一般現在時] 1.全國卷Ⅱ45題[一般過去時] 2.全國卷Ⅱ短文改錯第二處[一般過去時→一般現在時] 全國卷Ⅱ短文改錯第四處[一般現在時→一般過去時] 在語法填空及短文改錯中側重考查一般時、進行時及完成時。通常是根據所設置的語境中的信息判斷時態以及主謂語之間的主動或被動關系。 動詞語態 全國卷Ⅱ短文改錯第六處[一般過去時被動語態→一般過去時主動語態] 未考 未考 1．(2024·高考全國卷Ⅱ，語法填空，節選)This cycle_______ (go) day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset(抵消) for the outside temperatures. 2．If it____________(turn) cold again，they’ll dive back
down.But they come out again if it is warm.Last，how much
will an ant gather during the summer to prepare for the
winter? 考點一 一般時 goes turns 3．The boy____________(open)his eyes for a moment， looked at the captain，and then died. 4．(2024·遼寧東北育才中學高考適應性模擬)If I hold it for a minute，that’s not a problem.If I hold it for an hour，I____________(have) an ache in my right arm.If I hold it for a day，you’ll have to call an ambulance. opened will have 1．一般現在時 (1)一般現在時表示經常性或習慣性的動作或存在的狀態。由動詞原形或動詞的第三人稱單數形式(be動詞的一般現在時用am/is/are)構成。 My dream school starts at 8：30 a．m. and ends at 3：30 p．m..我理想的學校上午8：30上課，下午3：30放學。 (2)如果主句是一般將來時，那么在由when，while，before，after，until，as soon as等引導的時間狀語從句，if和unless引導的條件狀語從句及讓步狀語從句中，可用一般現在時代替一般將來時，表示將來的動作或狀態。 The president hopes that the people will be better off when he quits than when he started. 這位總統希望人民在他離任時比他剛上任時更富有。 2．一般過去時 (1)常表示過去某一時間所發生的動作或存在的狀態，常與表示過去的時間狀語連用；也可表示過去習慣性的動作。 (2024·高考重慶卷，單項填空，改編)—Is Peter coming? ——彼得要來嗎？ —No，he changed his mind after a phone call at the last minute. ——不來了。在最后時刻接了一個電話后他改變了主意。 (2024·高考湖南卷，單項填空，改編)I wasn’t able to hide
my eagerness when I asked，“What do you wish me to do
now？” 當我問：“你現在想要我做什么？”的時候，我掩飾不住內心的渴望之情。 (2)有些句子，雖然沒有明確地表示過去的時間狀語，但實際上指的是過去發生的動作或狀態，也要用一般過去時。常見的此類動詞有know，think，expect，want等。 Edward，you play so well.But I didn’t know you played the piano. 愛德華，你彈得真好。但是我原來不知道你會彈鋼琴。 3．一般將來時 “shall/will＋動詞原形”表示現在看來以后要發生的動作或存在的狀態。“will＋動詞原形”還可以表示說話時臨時做出的決定。 (2024·高考北京卷，單項填空，改編)—Dr.Jackson is not in his office at the moment. ——杰克遜博士現在不在辦公室。 —All right.I will call him later. ——好的。我稍后給他打電話。 I hope you will behave yourself at the dinner party. 我希望你在晚宴上表現得大方得體。 單句語法填空 1． (2024·大慶質量檢測二) Years ago，when I was a poor artist trying to sell my paintings in local galleries，I____________(live) in the heart of a city. 2． (2024·云南昭通二模) Therefore，maintaining a healthy diet not only____________(provide) your body with energy but also numerous health benefits. lived provides 3． (2024·吉林白城考前質量檢測二) Man changes his living habits in order to adjust to climate，but climate___________ (change) as well，though more slowly.By learning more about his climate，man will find a way to adapt to or control it and live a more comfortable life. 4． (2024·四川德陽五校聯考)—I was very angry with Kelvin yesterday. —I know your feelings，but if you forgive him，you________ (be) a bigger man. changes will be 1． (2024·大慶二輪復習檢測) He____________(look) for a house when he saw an advertisement in a newspaper one day. 2．(2024·高考陜西卷，語法和詞匯知識，改編)Marty ___________________(work) really hard on his book and he thinks he’ll have finished it by Friday. 3． (2024·遼寧鞍山一中模擬) McDonald’s __________(work) hard to get its customers back now.In January，the company ran an advertisement during the Super Bowl. 考點二 進行時 was looking has been working is working 1．現在進行時 (1)表示說話時正在進行或發生的動作，也可表示當前一段時間內的活動或現階段正在進行著的動作或存在的狀態。 —I hear you are working in a pub.What’s it like? ——我聽說你在酒吧工作。感覺怎么樣？ —Well，it’s very hard work and I’m always tired，but I don’t mind. ——哦，工作很辛苦，我也總是很累，不過我不介意。 (2)某些表示位置移動的動詞，如come，go，leave，arrive，start，move等詞，可用現在進行時表示即將發生或計劃要做的事。 The ship is leaving for New York soon. 這條船很快就要開往紐約。 2．過去進行時 (1)表示過去某時正在發生的動作,或與過去發生的某事同時發生的動作;也可表示過去某個時間段內一直在進行的動作。 I walked slowly through the market，where people were selling all kinds of fruits and vegetables.I studied the prices carefully and bought what I needed. 我慢慢地走過一個市場，人們在那里銷售各種各樣的水果 與蔬菜。我認真地研究了它們的價格之后，買了些我所需要 的。 (2)短暫性動詞可用過去進行時表示過去按計劃、安排要做的 事。 I was coming to visit you later that day，but I had to phone and cancel.我本打算那天晚些時候去看你，但是我不得不打電話取消了。 3．將來進行時 表示將來某時或某一時段正在進行的動作，常表示事情的正常發展。 —Can I call you back at two o’clock this afternoon? ——今天下午兩點我給你回電話可以嗎？ —I’m sorry，but by then I will be flying to Beijing.How about five? ——對不起，那時我正飛往北京，五點鐘怎么樣？ 單句語法填空 1． (2024·遼寧大連八中高三診斷)“I____________(eat) with my wife and children，”he said，“when we heard a loud noise.A few minutes later our house fell down on top of us.” 2． (2024·廣西南寧模擬) Alice and her classmates_______________(enjoy) their holiday this time next month. 3． (2024·云南師大附中模擬) They have lit our dinnertime，the bedrooms and now I____________(sit) by one in the kitchen. was eating will be enjoying am sitting 1． (2024·云南保山質檢) At last firefighters have put out a big forest fire in California.Since then，they__________(set) about finding out how the fire began. 2． (2024·吉林長春市十一高中模擬) One Friday afternoon,after she had finished shopping and had taken all the things to her car,she found that she____________(forget) to buy some sugar. 3． (2024·四川成都七中質檢) That was the first time
I____________(be) to Hong Kong so I had great difficulty finding the hotel. 考點三 完成時 have set had forgotten had been 一、現在完成時 1．表示過去發生的或已經完成的某一動作對現在造成了影響或結果，常與lately，recently，so far，by now，up to/till
now，in the last/past few days/years等時間狀語連用。 Progress has been so far very good and we are sure that the work will be finished on time.到目前為止，工作進展得很順 利，我們確信一定會按時完工。 2．表示過去已經開始，一直持續到現在(也許還會繼續進行下去)的動作或狀態，常與“since＋時間點”或“for＋時間段”等表示一段時間的狀語連用。 —I remember you were a talented pianist at college.Can you play the piano for me? ——我記得你在大學時是一位極有才華的鋼琴師。你能為我彈鋼琴嗎？ —Sorry，I haven’t played the piano for years. ——抱歉，我好多年沒有彈鋼琴了。 二、過去完成時 1．表示到過去某一時間之前動作已經完成，即“過去的過 去”。或表示從過去某一時間開始，延續到過去另一時間的 動作或狀態，這一動作或狀態可能一直持續到過去這一時 刻，也可能將繼續下去。 By the time Jack returned home from England，his son had graduated from college. 杰克從英國回到家時，他的兒子已經大學畢業了。 2．有時可表示一種未實現的愿望或想法，常用于該用法的動詞有intend，mean，hope，want，plan，suppose，expect，think等。 He had intended to speak，but time did not permit. 他本想發言，可是時間不允許。 三、完成進行時 完成進行時表示從過去某一時刻開始，一直持續到現在的動 作。這一動作可能剛完成，也可能仍在進行，具有持續性和未完成性。該時態多用于延續性動詞。 The manager has been telling the workers how to improve the program since 9 a．m..從上午9點開始，經理就一直在告訴工人們如何改進這個項目。 In order to find the missing child，villagers have been doing all they can over the past five hours.為了找到那個失蹤的孩子，過去的五小時里，村民們做了他們所能做的一切。 四、將來完成時 將來完成時表示在將來的某一時間之前將會完成的動作，并往往對將來的某一時間產生影響。由“shall/will＋have＋過去分詞”構成。 By the time Mr.Smith arrives at the supermarket，we will have stayed there for one hour.等史密斯先生到達超市時，我們將已經在那里待了一個小時了。 名師指津 常用完成時的句型 句型 例句 It is/has been＋一段時間＋since從句．(since從句用一般過去時) It was/had been＋一段時間＋since從句．(since從句用過去完成時) It was three years since we had been there.我們在那兒已待了三年。 It/This is the first/second/...time＋that sb.have/has done...；It/This was the first/second/...time＋that sb.had done... This is the first time we have seen a film in the cinema as a family. 這是我們全家人第一次到電影院看電影。 句型 例句 That/This/It is/was＋最高級＋名詞＋定語從句．(從句常用完成時) In his view，too，that was the best poem that he had ever written.他也認為，那是他所寫得最好的詩。 Hardly/Scarcely...when...；No sooner...than...(主句常用過去完成時，從句用一般過去時) Hardly had the game begun when it started raining.比賽剛剛開始就下起雨來。 單句語法填空 1.(2024·遼寧營口二模) Global oil prices_______________(fall) since June as demand weakens in China and Europe while output in the United States grows steadily. 2．(2024·高考北京卷，單項填空，改編)In the last few
years，China____________(make) great achievements in
environmental protection. have been falling has made 3． (2024·吉林通化質檢) Mr.White____________(work) in
our school for nearly forty years before he retired last month. 4． (2024·四川南充模擬) By next Thursday，they__________________(complete) the construction of the new school. had worked will have completed 專題強 化訓練
