2024屆高三英語二輪復習考點精練：專題2 非謂語動詞
非謂語動詞
針對高考訓練
一、單項填空
1.As a considerate secretary,she never fails to know what in her daily routine.?
A.to expect B.expected
C.expects D.to be expecting
答案:A
解析:考查不定式的用法。“特殊疑問詞+不定式”用作賓語,表示將來的動作,等同于從句what she can expect。
2.(2024山東棗莊高三模擬)He lost his computer while travelling, away all his secret photos.?
A.gave B.to give
C.giving D.given
答案:C
解析:考查非謂語動詞。句意:他在旅行中丟失了電腦,他所有的私密照片都泄漏了出去。伴隨著電腦的丟失,他的私密照片也就泄漏了,這是自然而然的結果。表示順其自然的結果,用現在分詞;不定式表示出乎意料的結果。
3.(2024山東濰坊實驗中學高三模擬)Struggling his way in the dark for a whole night,he finally found himself in the forest.?
A.lost B.being lost
C.having been lost D.losing
答案:A
解析:考查過去分詞作賓語補足語。 句意:在黑暗中掙扎著走了一整夜,他最后發現自己在樹林里迷了路。該句子使用了“find+賓語+賓語補足語”的結構,此處lost是過去分詞,作賓語補足語,意為“迷失方向的”。
4.The Imperial Palace, in 1406,is a landmark of Beijing.?
A.founded B.founding
C.being founded D.to be founded
答案:A
解析:考查過去分詞作定語。完整的定語從句為:which was founded in 1406。
5.With his attention on his mobile phone,he didn’t notice his headteacher’s appearance.?
A.fixed B.having fixed
C.fixing D.to fix
答案:A
解析:考查with的復合結構。在該結構中his attention和fix之間為被動關系,因此用過去分詞作賓語補足語。
6. more effectively with others,more and more people equip themselves with a higher education.?
A.To compete B.Being competed
C.Competing D.Competed
答案:A
解析:句意:為了更有效地和其他人競爭,越來越多的人接受了高等教育。不定式在該句中作目的狀語。
7.(2024湖南三校高三聯考) with the increasing unemployment,many people went on strike in most of the European countries.?
A.Facing B.Being faced
C.Faced D.Having faced
答案:C
解析:考查過去分詞作狀語。句意:面臨日益上升的失業率,大部分歐洲國家的很多人都罷工了。sb.be faced with sth.“某人面臨某事”,這里用過去分詞作狀語,故選C項。
8.Most students’ attitudes towards fashion are reported nowadays in a recent survey.?
A.changingB.to be changing
C.having changed D.to be changed
答案:B
解析:句意:在最近的一次調查中,據報道大多數學生對于時尚的態度,如今已正在改變。are reported后面常接不定式,排除A項和C項。change在此句中表示自然而然的改變,作不及物動詞用,排除D項。to be changing是最佳答案。
9.Jane’s summer vacation in Paris led a French.?
A.to her marryingB.for her to marry
C.to be married D.to her being married
答案:A
解析:led to后面要接動詞的-ing形式或動詞的-ing形式的復合結構作賓語,marry sb. “嫁給某人”。即選:to her marrying。
10.It is wise to forget such things as aren’t worth .?
A.remembering B.being remembered
C.to remember D.to be remembered
答案:A
解析:句意:忘記那些不值得記住的事情是明智的。worth后面的動詞remember與主語things是被動關系,但是要用其主動形式表示被動意義。故A項是最佳答案。
1.A
Many countries have passed safety laws that require seat belts in vehicles.A modern three-point seat belt,also called a safety belt,is a harness to prevent the driver or a passenger from flying forward and hitting hard against the interior of a vehicle during a collision.A modern seat belt will help to position you properly to gain maximum benefit from your car抯 airbags that will inflate (使充氣)during a collision.Using a seat belt also prevents you from being ejected (彈出) from a car into the path of oncoming traffic.Research shows that when you wear a modern seat belt,you reduce the risk of death or serious injury by 70% or more during an auto accident.
Seat belts have existed in different forms since the early days of automobiles,and they have changed from a single lap belt to the three-point seat belt we use today.In 1911 the first airplane seat belt was installed.Then,in the 1920抯 they were used in rarce-cars.By the 1930s,a group of American physicians created lap belts for their own vehicles and urged vehicle manufacturers to provide seat belts on all vehicles.
Dr.C.Hunter Shelden made a major contribution to our safety with his article in the November 5,1955 Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA).He strongly encouraged the manufacture and use of door locks,airbags,and retractable(伸縮式的) seat belts,like the ones we use today.The modern three-point seat belt,including a lap belt and a shoulder belt,was introduced as standard equipment on Volvo cars in 1959.
In 1970,the state of Victoria in Australia made the wearing of a seat belt compulsory for every car driver and front-seat passenger.Today many countries have also mandated(授權) the use of five-point safety harnesses for carefully designed child safety seats that can protect a child during a serious car accident.
An airbag is a Supplemental Restraint System,or SRS,and consists of a rapidly inflatable restraint cushion that works together with a seat belt to protect you during a collision.Modern cars often contain several airbags in various locations.Since airbags can only inflate once and will quickly deflate after the initial impact,they will not provide any protection for you during a secondary collision.
The inflation of airbag can protect or hurt you.The risk zone for a driver抯 airbag is the first 8 centimeters from its pre-inflation location.While driving,you should remain about 25 centimeters from the airbag in the center of the wheel.As a driver,wear cyour seat belt and make sure children correctly use their seat belts.Failure to wear a seat belt properly means the airbags in your car might injure or even kill you during an accident.
An essential part of your safe driving skills is the habit of making sure that you and each of your passengers are always properly positioned and wearing a seat belt.There are many wonderful benefits of being able to drive a car,but there are also severe consequences during an accident for anyone who chooses not to wear a seat belt.
【語篇導讀】開車或坐汽車佩戴安全帶是行車常識。本文首先列舉了佩戴安全帶的好處,然后簡述了安全帶的發展歷史,同時作者通過安全氣囊的作用,進一步強調了使用安全帶的重要性。
1This article mostly deals with .?
A.how to drive safely on the road
B.different forms of seat belts
C.the history of seat belt development
D.the importance of seat belt use
答案:D
解析:考查主旨大意。本文主要說明了佩戴安全帶的重要性。
2.We can learn from this article that .?
A.to reduce your risk of death or serious injury by 70%,you must wear a five-point seat belt while you are driving
B.American physicians created lap belts for their own vehicles because they had seen many injuries caused by car accidents
C.if two or more collisions occur during a serious car accident,your airbags can help reduce the risk of death by 70%
D.the US was the first country to require by law that car drivers and front-seat passengers wear their seat belts
答案:B
解析:考查細節理解。A項錯在five-point seat belt,C項錯在two or more,D項錯在the US was the first country。具體細節可以參考原文的說明。
3.The author treats the subject of this article with .?
A.good humor B.admiration
C.seriousness D.disapproval
答案:C
解析:考查主旨大意。本文作者一再強調使用安全帶的重要性,因此其態度是嚴肅的。
4.Which of the following statements is true?
A.Seat belts were first used in airplanes and then applied to vehicles.
B.Airbags,door locks,and seat belts were all designed at the same time.
C.The lap belt is more modern than the 3-point safety belt.
D.Buying the latest seat belts is an essential driving skill.
答案:A
解析:考查細節理解。第二段中“In 1911 the first airplane seat belt was installed.”這句話是答案的出處。
5.B
KING LEAR
Part 3
NARRATOR:As soon as Goneril has got all she can from her father,she begins treating him disrespectfully.When Lear wants to speak to her,Goneril tells her servant,Oswald,to say she is sick.She encourages her staff to be disrespectful towards Lear and begins complaining about the hundred soldiers Lear has brought with him.However,King Lear soon has a friend by his side.The Duke of Kent,who Lear ordered to leave Britain,cannot abandon his king.He therefore comes to Lear disguised as a servant called Caius and asks for a job.
(Enter Lear,several of Lear’s soldiers and Kent disguised as a servant.)
LEAR:OK,Caius.I’ll give you a trial.And if you prove to be good at your job,I’ll keep you on as my servant.(Oswald enters.) Hey,you there.Where’s my daughter?(Oswald ignores the king and hurries out of the room.) Hey.What’s going on?Call him back.Is he deaf?(A soldier rushes out after Oswald.) It’s as though the whole world has gone to sleep.(Soldier reenters.) Where’s that servant?Why didn’t he come back when I called?
SOLDIER:Sir,he answered me very rudely and said he would not come back.
LEAR:I don’t believe it!
SOLDIER:Sir,I am sorry,to tell you this,but it seems to me that you are not being treated with the respect due to a king.Everyone here,including your daughter,is behaving very coldly towards you.
LEAR:Mmm.I suspected the same,but I kept telling myself it was my imagination.Please tell my daughter I wish to speak with her.(Soldier bows and leaves.Oswald enters.) Ah,come here my man and answer me.Who am I?
OSWALD:My lady’s father.
LEAR:Your lady’s father?Is that all I am to you,you dog,you slave!(Lear raises his arm as though to strike Oswald.)
OSWALD:I’ll not be hit,my Lord.
KENT:(Kent kicks Oswald’s feet out from under him.) And you won’t be laid flat on your back either,I suppose.Now get up and get out of here.(Oswald leaves.)
LEAR:My thanks,Caius.I can see you will be a most valuable servant.
(Enter Goneril.) What’s up,daughter?You always seem to be frowning lately.
GONERIL:Is it any wonder that I frown when your soldiers are continually drinking and fighting?I thought when I told you about their behaviour you would make them behave,but now I hear you have insulted Oswald.I do believe you are encouraging your soldiers in their bad behaviour.
LEAR:Is this my daughter scolding me?
GONERIL:I have had enough of your soldiers.They are expensive to keep and you don’t need them.Besides,their drunken behaviour and bad manners are disgusting.You will send half of them away.And unless you want me to get rid of the rest of them too,I suggest you teach them how to behave properly.
LEAR:That’s a lie.My soldiers are good men who know how to behave properly.I won’t stay here to be insulted.I still have one more daughter.She’ll scratch out your eyes when she hears how you’ve treated me.Men!Get my horses ready and collect my baggage.I’ll leave immediately.I won’t stay where I’m not welcome.(Lear and companions leave.)
NARRATOR:Lear sends Kent on ahead to the castle of his other daughter,Regan,to tell her that he will soon be arriving.Goneril sends her servant Oswald to Regan to tell her side of the story.
【語篇導讀】本文是莎士比亞的著名悲劇《李爾王》的節選。該劇敘述了年事已高的李爾王意欲把國土分給三個女兒,口蜜腹劍的大女兒高納里爾和二女兒里根贏其寵信而瓜分國土,小女兒考狄利婭卻因不愿阿諛奉承而一無所得。得到國土的兩個女兒很快露出冷酷的真面目,使李爾王連棲身之地也沒有,只好跑到荒郊野外去與野獸為伍。節選部分敘述了李爾王在大女兒那里的不幸遭遇。
5Who does the underlined “him” probably refer to?
A.Kent. B.Oswald.
C.Lear. D.Soldier.
答案:C
解析:考查代詞指代。通過上文的father可以知道,him指代的就是李爾王。
6.Why did the Duke of Kent disguise himself as a servant?
A.To find a chance to meet Goneril.
B.To share some of the king’s wealth.
C.To find a job in the court.
D.To serve and help his king—Lear.
答案:D
解析:推理判斷題。通過“The Duke of Kent,...,cannot abandon his king.”這句話可以知道,忠心耿耿的肯特不會背叛或拋棄自己的國王,因此他喬裝改扮在他身旁,自然是想幫助或保護主人的。
7.From the passage,what is the relationship between Goneril and Regan?
A.Sisters. B.Couple.
C.Sister and Brother. D.Brothers.
答案:A
解析:推理判斷題。通過最后一段中“...his other daughter,Regan”可以推斷出二者為姊妹關系。
8.Which of the following best describes the character of King Lear in this passage?
A.A wise king and father.
B.A cold-hearted father.
C.A cruel and selfish king.
D.A stupid and a bit stubborn man.
答案:D
解析:主旨大意題。聽信讒言、不辨是非不能稱之為wise;對女兒百依百順,有求必應不能稱之為cold-hearted或selfish。如果用世俗的眼光來看的話,李爾王是一個善良、慈愛、輕信、剛愎自用的人,他的悲慘命運恰恰就是由他的性格造成的。
非謂語動詞
針對高考訓練
一、單項填空
1.As a considerate secretary,she never fails to know what in her daily routine.?
A.to expect B.expected
C.expects D.to be expecting
答案:A
解析:考查不定式的用法。“特殊疑問詞+不定式”用作賓語,表示將來的動作,等同于從句what she can expect。
2.(2024山東棗莊高三模擬)He lost his computer while travelling, away all his secret photos.?
A.gave B.to give
C.giving D.given
答案:C
解析:考查非謂語動詞。句意:他在旅行中丟失了電腦,他所有的私密照片都泄漏了出去。伴隨著電腦的丟失,他的私密照片也就泄漏了,這是自然而然的結果。表示順其自然的結果,用現在分詞;不定式表示出乎意料的結果。
3.(2024山東濰坊實驗中學高三模擬)Struggling his way in the dark for a whole night,he finally found himself in the forest.?
A.lost B.being lost
C.having been lost D.losing
答案:A
解析:考查過去分詞作賓語補足語。 句意:在黑暗中掙扎著走了一整夜,他最后發現自己在樹林里迷了路。該句子使用了“find+賓語+賓語補足語”的結構,此處lost是過去分詞,作賓語補足語,意為“迷失方向的”。
4.The Imperial Palace, in 1406,is a landmark of Beijing.?
A.founded B.founding
C.being founded D.to be founded
答案:A
解析:考查過去分詞作定語。完整的定語從句為:which was founded in 1406。
5.With his attention on his mobile phone,he didn’t notice his headteacher’s appearance.?
A.fixed B.having fixed
C.fixing D.to fix
答案:A
解析:考查with的復合結構。在該結構中his attention和fix之間為被動關系,因此用過去分詞作賓語補足語。
6. more effectively with others,more and more people equip themselves with a higher education.?
A.To compete B.Being competed
C.Competing D.Competed
答案:A
解析:句意:為了更有效地和其他人競爭,越來越多的人接受了高等教育。不定式在該句中作目的狀語。
7.(2024湖南三校高三聯考) with the increasing unemployment,many people went on strike in most of the European countries.?
A.Facing B.Being faced
C.Faced D.Having faced
答案:C
解析:考查過去分詞作狀語。句意:面臨日益上升的失業率,大部分歐洲國家的很多人都罷工了。sb.be faced with sth.“某人面臨某事”,這里用過去分詞作狀語,故選C項。
8.Most students’ attitudes towards fashion are reported nowadays in a recent survey.?
A.changingB.to be changing
C.having changed D.to be changed
答案:B
解析:句意:在最近的一次調查中,據報道大多數學生對于時尚的態度,如今已正在改變。are reported后面常接不定式,排除A項和C項。change在此句中表示自然而然的改變,作不及物動詞用,排除D項。to be changing是最佳答案。
9.Jane’s summer vacation in Paris led a French.?
A.to her marryingB.for her to marry
C.to be married D.to her being married
答案:A
解析:led to后面要接動詞的-ing形式或動詞的-ing形式的復合結構作賓語,marry sb. “嫁給某人”。即選:to her marrying。
10.It is wise to forget such things as aren’t worth .?
A.remembering B.being remembered
C.to remember D.to be remembered
答案:A
解析:句意:忘記那些不值得記住的事情是明智的。worth后面的動詞remember與主語things是被動關系,但是要用其主動形式表示被動意義。故A項是最佳答案。
1.A
Many countries have passed safety laws that require seat belts in vehicles.A modern three-point seat belt,also called a safety belt,is a harness to prevent the driver or a passenger from flying forward and hitting hard against the interior of a vehicle during a collision.A modern seat belt will help to position you properly to gain maximum benefit from your car抯 airbags that will inflate (使充氣)during a collision.Using a seat belt also prevents you from being ejected (彈出) from a car into the path of oncoming traffic.Research shows that when you wear a modern seat belt,you reduce the risk of death or serious injury by 70% or more during an auto accident.
Seat belts have existed in different forms since the early days of automobiles,and they have changed from a single lap belt to the three-point seat belt we use today.In 1911 the first airplane seat belt was installed.Then,in the 1920抯 they were used in rarce-cars.By the 1930s,a group of American physicians created lap belts for their own vehicles and urged vehicle manufacturers to provide seat belts on all vehicles.
Dr.C.Hunter Shelden made a major contribution to our safety with his article in the November 5,1955 Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA).He strongly encouraged the manufacture and use of door locks,airbags,and retractable(伸縮式的) seat belts,like the ones we use today.The modern three-point seat belt,including a lap belt and a shoulder belt,was introduced as standard equipment on Volvo cars in 1959.
In 1970,the state of Victoria in Australia made the wearing of a seat belt compulsory for every car driver and front-seat passenger.Today many countries have also mandated(授權) the use of five-point safety harnesses for carefully designed child safety seats that can protect a child during a serious car accident.
An airbag is a Supplemental Restraint System,or SRS,and consists of a rapidly inflatable restraint cushion that works together with a seat belt to protect you during a collision.Modern cars often contain several airbags in various locations.Since airbags can only inflate once and will quickly deflate after the initial impact,they will not provide any protection for you during a secondary collision.
The inflation of airbag can protect or hurt you.The risk zone for a driver抯 airbag is the first 8 centimeters from its pre-inflation location.While driving,you should remain about 25 centimeters from the airbag in the center of the wheel.As a driver,wear cyour seat belt and make sure children correctly use their seat belts.Failure to wear a seat belt properly means the airbags in your car might injure or even kill you during an accident.
An essential part of your safe driving skills is the habit of making sure that you and each of your passengers are always properly positioned and wearing a seat belt.There are many wonderful benefits of being able to drive a car,but there are also severe consequences during an accident for anyone who chooses not to wear a seat belt.
【語篇導讀】開車或坐汽車佩戴安全帶是行車常識。本文首先列舉了佩戴安全帶的好處,然后簡述了安全帶的發展歷史,同時作者通過安全氣囊的作用,進一步強調了使用安全帶的重要性。
1This article mostly deals with .?
A.how to drive safely on the road
B.different forms of seat belts
C.the history of seat belt development
D.the importance of seat belt use
答案:D
解析:考查主旨大意。本文主要說明了佩戴安全帶的重要性。
2.We can learn from this article that .?
A.to reduce your risk of death or serious injury by 70%,you must wear a five-point seat belt while you are driving
B.American physicians created lap belts for their own vehicles because they had seen many injuries caused by car accidents
C.if two or more collisions occur during a serious car accident,your airbags can help reduce the risk of death by 70%
D.the US was the first country to require by law that car drivers and front-seat passengers wear their seat belts
答案:B
解析:考查細節理解。A項錯在five-point seat belt,C項錯在two or more,D項錯在the US was the first country。具體細節可以參考原文的說明。
3.The author treats the subject of this article with .?
A.good humor B.admiration
C.seriousness D.disapproval
答案:C
解析:考查主旨大意。本文作者一再強調使用安全帶的重要性,因此其態度是嚴肅的。
4.Which of the following statements is true?
A.Seat belts were first used in airplanes and then applied to vehicles.
B.Airbags,door locks,and seat belts were all designed at the same time.
C.The lap belt is more modern than the 3-point safety belt.
D.Buying the latest seat belts is an essential driving skill.
答案:A
解析:考查細節理解。第二段中“In 1911 the first airplane seat belt was installed.”這句話是答案的出處。
5.B
KING LEAR
Part 3
NARRATOR:As soon as Goneril has got all she can from her father,she begins treating him disrespectfully.When Lear wants to speak to her,Goneril tells her servant,Oswald,to say she is sick.She encourages her staff to be disrespectful towards Lear and begins complaining about the hundred soldiers Lear has brought with him.However,King Lear soon has a friend by his side.The Duke of Kent,who Lear ordered to leave Britain,cannot abandon his king.He therefore comes to Lear disguised as a servant called Caius and asks for a job.
(Enter Lear,several of Lear’s soldiers and Kent disguised as a servant.)
LEAR:OK,Caius.I’ll give you a trial.And if you prove to be good at your job,I’ll keep you on as my servant.(Oswald enters.) Hey,you there.Where’s my daughter?(Oswald ignores the king and hurries out of the room.) Hey.What’s going on?Call him back.Is he deaf?(A soldier rushes out after Oswald.) It’s as though the whole world has gone to sleep.(Soldier reenters.) Where’s that servant?Why didn’t he come back when I called?
SOLDIER:Sir,he answered me very rudely and said he would not come back.
LEAR:I don’t believe it!
SOLDIER:Sir,I am sorry,to tell you this,but it seems to me that you are not being treated with the respect due to a king.Everyone here,including your daughter,is behaving very coldly towards you.
LEAR:Mmm.I suspected the same,but I kept telling myself it was my imagination.Please tell my daughter I wish to speak with her.(Soldier bows and leaves.Oswald enters.) Ah,come here my man and answer me.Who am I?
OSWALD:My lady’s father.
LEAR:Your lady’s father?Is that all I am to you,you dog,you slave!(Lear raises his arm as though to strike Oswald.)
OSWALD:I’ll not be hit,my Lord.
KENT:(Kent kicks Oswald’s feet out from under him.) And you won’t be laid flat on your back either,I suppose.Now get up and get out of here.(Oswald leaves.)
LEAR:My thanks,Caius.I can see you will be a most valuable servant.
(Enter Goneril.) What’s up,daughter?You always seem to be frowning lately.
GONERIL:Is it any wonder that I frown when your soldiers are continually drinking and fighting?I thought when I told you about their behaviour you would make them behave,but now I hear you have insulted Oswald.I do believe you are encouraging your soldiers in their bad behaviour.
LEAR:Is this my daughter scolding me?
GONERIL:I have had enough of your soldiers.They are expensive to keep and you don’t need them.Besides,their drunken behaviour and bad manners are disgusting.You will send half of them away.And unless you want me to get rid of the rest of them too,I suggest you teach them how to behave properly.
LEAR:That’s a lie.My soldiers are good men who know how to behave properly.I won’t stay here to be insulted.I still have one more daughter.She’ll scratch out your eyes when she hears how you’ve treated me.Men!Get my horses ready and collect my baggage.I’ll leave immediately.I won’t stay where I’m not welcome.(Lear and companions leave.)
NARRATOR:Lear sends Kent on ahead to the castle of his other daughter,Regan,to tell her that he will soon be arriving.Goneril sends her servant Oswald to Regan to tell her side of the story.
【語篇導讀】本文是莎士比亞的著名悲劇《李爾王》的節選。該劇敘述了年事已高的李爾王意欲把國土分給三個女兒,口蜜腹劍的大女兒高納里爾和二女兒里根贏其寵信而瓜分國土,小女兒考狄利婭卻因不愿阿諛奉承而一無所得。得到國土的兩個女兒很快露出冷酷的真面目,使李爾王連棲身之地也沒有,只好跑到荒郊野外去與野獸為伍。節選部分敘述了李爾王在大女兒那里的不幸遭遇。
5Who does the underlined “him” probably refer to?
A.Kent. B.Oswald.
C.Lear. D.Soldier.
答案:C
解析:考查代詞指代。通過上文的father可以知道,him指代的就是李爾王。
6.Why did the Duke of Kent disguise himself as a servant?
A.To find a chance to meet Goneril.
B.To share some of the king’s wealth.
C.To find a job in the court.
D.To serve and help his king—Lear.
答案:D
解析:推理判斷題。通過“The Duke of Kent,...,cannot abandon his king.”這句話可以知道,忠心耿耿的肯特不會背叛或拋棄自己的國王,因此他喬裝改扮在他身旁,自然是想幫助或保護主人的。
7.From the passage,what is the relationship between Goneril and Regan?
A.Sisters. B.Couple.
C.Sister and Brother. D.Brothers.
答案:A
解析:推理判斷題。通過最后一段中“...his other daughter,Regan”可以推斷出二者為姊妹關系。
8.Which of the following best describes the character of King Lear in this passage?
A.A wise king and father.
B.A cold-hearted father.
C.A cruel and selfish king.
D.A stupid and a bit stubborn man.
答案:D
解析:主旨大意題。聽信讒言、不辨是非不能稱之為wise;對女兒百依百順,有求必應不能稱之為cold-hearted或selfish。如果用世俗的眼光來看的話,李爾王是一個善良、慈愛、輕信、剛愎自用的人,他的悲慘命運恰恰就是由他的性格造成的。
