SAT閱讀SPP策略

　　我們來回憶一下上面介紹過的做題步驟

　　首先，我們一上來可以簡單閱讀兩篇文章，把握文章大意，并作簡要筆記。剛才我們提到過，在閱讀過程中，有三類句子我們需要特別關注：a. 文章開頭第一句;b. 文章最后一句;c. 文章中的轉折部分。

　　現在我們從Passage 1開始。我們看到的第一句是，In a recent survey concerning plagiarism among scholars, two University of Alabama economists asked 1,200 of their colleagues if they believed their work had ever been stolen, a startling 40 percent answered yes, while not a random sample, the responses still represent hundreds of cases of alleged into the sunlight . 這句看起來很長，不好分析，而仔細一看我們可以發現主題信息在句子的前半句，In a recent survey concerning plagiarism among scholars, two University of Alabama economists asked 1,200 of their colleagues if they believed their work had ever been stolen, a startling 40 percent answered yes...我們首先可以知道，我們即將看到的是一項關于學者抄襲現象的調查。在這項調查中，1200名學者被問到是否相信自己的work被人剽竊過，而其中40%給出的是肯定答案。于是我們可以留下一個印象，即這是一篇關于學術抄襲的文章。后面while引出的句子也很關鍵，其目的是為了引出下文。它講的是這些涉及到的抄襲案例只有很少一部分能被公布于眾。為什么呢?Thats because academia often discourages victims form seeking justice, and when they do, tends to ignore their complaints. 好吧，原來是學術界不鼓勵人們為自己討回公道，對于他們的抱怨置之不理。這種漠視的態度帶來的是人們對自己被侵犯后的無可奈何，哪怕你抄襲了我的成果，那又能怎樣呢?干脆不管了。然后我們到了文章的最后一個部分，這里需要我們的focus，讓我們打起精神： Its like cockroaches, says the author of a recent book about academic fraud. For every one you see on the floor, there are a hundred behind the stove這是一個很有趣的比方，因為緊呈上句，所以當然還是針對抄襲泛濫這一現象說的，某某書的作者把抄襲比作地板上的小強。我們相信同學們現在家里條件比較舒適，小強這種東西還是很少見到的。但飽受小強困擾的同學們一定知道，你要是看到地上有一只小強正在練習跑步，那就完蛋了，因為你的床底下，你的衣櫥里，你可愛的小屋已經被n多小強占領了-For every one you see on the floor, there are a hundred behind the stove，你沒看到并不代表它們不存在而這正是抄襲現象最好的影射，一例被發現的抄襲案例的背后仍隱藏著許多未被人們發覺的案例。

　　讓我們進入第二篇閱讀，不用說，肯定也涉及到抄襲現象這個問題了。文章第一句告送我們：Words belong to the person who wrote them. 這句話是什么意思大家都清楚，剛讀完第一篇文章就看到這句話，我們有一個很深刻的印象，那就是第二篇文章肯定是堅決反對抄襲現象的了。而文章后面的內容都是支持第一句話的：There are few simpler ethical notions than this, particularly as society directs more and more energy toward the creation of intellectual property. In the past 30 years, copyright laws have been strengthened, fighting piracy has become an obsession with Hollywood, and in the worlds of academia and publishing, plagiarism has gone from being bad literary manners to something close to a felony. 同樣是講反對抄襲現象，但是我們可以發現與第一篇閱讀更多體現出的無奈不同，第二篇閱讀態度更加堅決，尤其是后面提到了copyright laws把這一問題從道德級別上升到了法律級別，強調抄襲幾乎等同于犯罪。文章最后同樣選擇了打比方，When a noted historian was recently fond to have lifted passages from other historians she was asked to resign form the board of the Pulitzer Prize committee. And why not? If she had robbed a bank, she would have been fired the next day. 一個歷史學家因為抄襲受到了重罰。為什么不重罰她呢?搶別人的成果這種不勞而獲的危險行為無異于搶銀行，你搶了銀行，當然要開除你。

　　簡單看過了這兩篇文章，我們很容易明確兩篇文章的關系它們都是在講抄襲現象，從某種意義上講，它們的態度都是反對的。不同點在于反對的力度第一篇文章講的更多的是這種現象的泛濫以及對這一現象的些許無奈;第二篇文章態度要堅決的多，并將這一現象上升到法律層面。帶著這個認識，我們開始接下來的工作。

　　然后我們要做的是掃讀題干，審查題目，并選擇選項。第一題是典型的雙篇閱讀問題，即討論兩篇文章的內容：Both passages discuss which of the following? 我們需要注意問題中的關鍵詞both, 這個詞要求我們看見樹林而不只是樹木。通過前面的分析我們可以很容易得出答案 Reactions to plagiarism committed by scholars，第一篇文章中從頭到尾都在說plagiarism among scholars，而第二篇文章提到的in the worlds of academia 和a noted historian等內容也很明顯的支持我們選出這個選項。我們來看第二題，The author would likely argue that the historian s having lifted passages from other historians is這同樣是雙篇閱讀的典型試題，它要求我們分析第二個作者的東東在第一個作者那會得到怎樣的回饋，有點換位思考的意思在里面，而考生需要對兩個作者的觀點都有所了解才可以游刃有余。我們通過定位詞可以很容易找到原文中的the author出現的位置，原來就是他拿小強打的比方，還記得他怎么說的么?你看到地板上有一只小強，就說明你們家已經有很多小強了，那么如果這個歷史學家拿了別人的成果這個行為可以被比作一只小強的話，那么在學術界一定還有更多的我們沒看到的小強。想到這里答案已經顯而易見了 far from an isolated incident.我們來看下一個題，11. The author of passage 2 would likely respond to the actions attributed to academia in lines8-9 in Passage 1 by asserting that很明顯，這個題出的跟上一個題大同小異，只是倒了個。在閱讀過程中我們已經分析過，第一篇文章的作者表現出的更多的是無奈，而第二篇文章的作者的言辭相對就比較激烈，對于前者相對保守的態度，后者一定會有較強的異議。結合選項，答案 universities increasingly amnesty to researchers serious offense就進入了我們的視野。我們來看最后一題Which best describes the relationship between the two passages?簡單讀過兩篇文章后我們知道第一篇文章講的更多的是抄襲泛濫這一現象，而第二篇更多的是對抄襲這種行為的聲討。結合選項，我們很容易找出正確選項： Passage 1 describes a state of affairs that passage 2 views as inexcusable

　　四.實戰演練

　　下面是SAT考試08年一月份的真題，我們在此將其選作練習，僅供大家參考:

　　2008年一月

　　The passages below are followed by questions based on their content; questions following a pair of related passages may also be based on the relationship between the paired passages. Answer the questions on the basis of what is stated or implied in the passages and in any introductory material that may be provided.

　　Questions 9-12 are based on the following passages.

　　Passage 1

　　1 Because chimpanzees exhibit behavior so remarkably similar to some human behavior, scientists observing　them in the wild often develop a degree of empathy　Line with the individuals being studied. In itself this is　5 not a bad thing. Subtle communication cues among　chimpanzees are more readily detected and recorded　once an observer has established this empathy.

　　However, scientists must guard against the constant　danger of automatically interpreting what they see as if　10 chimps act from human motivations. Their observations　must be as objective as possible. Intuitive interpretations　may initially be based on an understanding stemming　directly from empathy, but they must be tested after-ward against the facts set out in the data.

　　我們來回憶一下上面介紹過的做題步驟

　　首先，我們一上來可以簡單閱讀兩篇文章，把握文章大意，并作簡要筆記。剛才我們提到過，在閱讀過程中，有三類句子我們需要特別關注：a. 文章開頭第一句;b. 文章最后一句;c. 文章中的轉折部分。

　　現在我們從Passage 1開始。我們看到的第一句是，In a recent survey concerning plagiarism among scholars, two University of Alabama economists asked 1,200 of their colleagues if they believed their work had ever been stolen, a startling 40 percent answered yes, while not a random sample, the responses still represent hundreds of cases of alleged into the sunlight . 這句看起來很長，不好分析，而仔細一看我們可以發現主題信息在句子的前半句，In a recent survey concerning plagiarism among scholars, two University of Alabama economists asked 1,200 of their colleagues if they believed their work had ever been stolen, a startling 40 percent answered yes...我們首先可以知道，我們即將看到的是一項關于學者抄襲現象的調查。在這項調查中，1200名學者被問到是否相信自己的work被人剽竊過，而其中40%給出的是肯定答案。于是我們可以留下一個印象，即這是一篇關于學術抄襲的文章。后面while引出的句子也很關鍵，其目的是為了引出下文。它講的是這些涉及到的抄襲案例只有很少一部分能被公布于眾。為什么呢?Thats because academia often discourages victims form seeking justice, and when they do, tends to ignore their complaints. 好吧，原來是學術界不鼓勵人們為自己討回公道，對于他們的抱怨置之不理。這種漠視的態度帶來的是人們對自己被侵犯后的無可奈何，哪怕你抄襲了我的成果，那又能怎樣呢?干脆不管了。然后我們到了文章的最后一個部分，這里需要我們的focus，讓我們打起精神： Its like cockroaches, says the author of a recent book about academic fraud. For every one you see on the floor, there are a hundred behind the stove這是一個很有趣的比方，因為緊呈上句，所以當然還是針對抄襲泛濫這一現象說的，某某書的作者把抄襲比作地板上的小強。我們相信同學們現在家里條件比較舒適，小強這種東西還是很少見到的。但飽受小強困擾的同學們一定知道，你要是看到地上有一只小強正在練習跑步，那就完蛋了，因為你的床底下，你的衣櫥里，你可愛的小屋已經被n多小強占領了-For every one you see on the floor, there are a hundred behind the stove，你沒看到并不代表它們不存在而這正是抄襲現象最好的影射，一例被發現的抄襲案例的背后仍隱藏著許多未被人們發覺的案例。

　　讓我們進入第二篇閱讀，不用說，肯定也涉及到抄襲現象這個問題了。文章第一句告送我們：Words belong to the person who wrote them. 這句話是什么意思大家都清楚，剛讀完第一篇文章就看到這句話，我們有一個很深刻的印象，那就是第二篇文章肯定是堅決反對抄襲現象的了。而文章后面的內容都是支持第一句話的：There are few simpler ethical notions than this, particularly as society directs more and more energy toward the creation of intellectual property. In the past 30 years, copyright laws have been strengthened, fighting piracy has become an obsession with Hollywood, and in the worlds of academia and publishing, plagiarism has gone from being bad literary manners to something close to a felony. 同樣是講反對抄襲現象，但是我們可以發現與第一篇閱讀更多體現出的無奈不同，第二篇閱讀態度更加堅決，尤其是后面提到了copyright laws把這一問題從道德級別上升到了法律級別，強調抄襲幾乎等同于犯罪。文章最后同樣選擇了打比方，When a noted historian was recently fond to have lifted passages from other historians she was asked to resign form the board of the Pulitzer Prize committee. And why not? If she had robbed a bank, she would have been fired the next day. 一個歷史學家因為抄襲受到了重罰。為什么不重罰她呢?搶別人的成果這種不勞而獲的危險行為無異于搶銀行，你搶了銀行，當然要開除你。

　　簡單看過了這兩篇文章，我們很容易明確兩篇文章的關系它們都是在講抄襲現象，從某種意義上講，它們的態度都是反對的。不同點在于反對的力度第一篇文章講的更多的是這種現象的泛濫以及對這一現象的些許無奈;第二篇文章態度要堅決的多，并將這一現象上升到法律層面。帶著這個認識，我們開始接下來的工作。

　　然后我們要做的是掃讀題干，審查題目，并選擇選項。第一題是典型的雙篇閱讀問題，即討論兩篇文章的內容：Both passages discuss which of the following? 我們需要注意問題中的關鍵詞both, 這個詞要求我們看見樹林而不只是樹木。通過前面的分析我們可以很容易得出答案 Reactions to plagiarism committed by scholars，第一篇文章中從頭到尾都在說plagiarism among scholars，而第二篇文章提到的in the worlds of academia 和a noted historian等內容也很明顯的支持我們選出這個選項。我們來看第二題，The author would likely argue that the historian s having lifted passages from other historians is這同樣是雙篇閱讀的典型試題，它要求我們分析第二個作者的東東在第一個作者那會得到怎樣的回饋，有點換位思考的意思在里面，而考生需要對兩個作者的觀點都有所了解才可以游刃有余。我們通過定位詞可以很容易找到原文中的the author出現的位置，原來就是他拿小強打的比方，還記得他怎么說的么?你看到地板上有一只小強，就說明你們家已經有很多小強了，那么如果這個歷史學家拿了別人的成果這個行為可以被比作一只小強的話，那么在學術界一定還有更多的我們沒看到的小強。想到這里答案已經顯而易見了 far from an isolated incident.我們來看下一個題，11. The author of passage 2 would likely respond to the actions attributed to academia in lines8-9 in Passage 1 by asserting that很明顯，這個題出的跟上一個題大同小異，只是倒了個。在閱讀過程中我們已經分析過，第一篇文章的作者表現出的更多的是無奈，而第二篇文章的作者的言辭相對就比較激烈，對于前者相對保守的態度，后者一定會有較強的異議。結合選項，答案 universities increasingly amnesty to researchers serious offense就進入了我們的視野。我們來看最后一題Which best describes the relationship between the two passages?簡單讀過兩篇文章后我們知道第一篇文章講的更多的是抄襲泛濫這一現象，而第二篇更多的是對抄襲這種行為的聲討。結合選項，我們很容易找出正確選項： Passage 1 describes a state of affairs that passage 2 views as inexcusable

　　四.實戰演練

　　下面是SAT考試08年一月份的真題，我們在此將其選作練習，僅供大家參考:

　　2008年一月

　　The passages below are followed by questions based on their content; questions following a pair of related passages may also be based on the relationship between the paired passages. Answer the questions on the basis of what is stated or implied in the passages and in any introductory material that may be provided.

　　Questions 9-12 are based on the following passages.

　　Passage 1

　　1 Because chimpanzees exhibit behavior so remarkably similar to some human behavior, scientists observing　them in the wild often develop a degree of empathy　Line with the individuals being studied. In itself this is　5 not a bad thing. Subtle communication cues among　chimpanzees are more readily detected and recorded　once an observer has established this empathy.

　　However, scientists must guard against the constant　danger of automatically interpreting what they see as if　10 chimps act from human motivations. Their observations　must be as objective as possible. Intuitive interpretations　may initially be based on an understanding stemming　directly from empathy, but they must be tested after-ward against the facts set out in the data.