2023職稱英語理工類閱讀理解復習必備精選練習題

　　Citizen Scientists

　　Climate scientists are not present everywhere. Because there are so many places in the world and not enough scientists to observe all of them, theyre asking for your help in observing signs of climate change across the world. The citizen scientist movement encourages ordinary people to observe a very specific research interest - birds, trees, flowers budding, etc. - and send their observations to a giant database to be observed by professional scientists. This helps a small number of scientists track a large amount of data that they would never be able to gather on their own. Much like citizen journalists helping large publications cover a hyper-local beat2, citizen scientists are ready for the conditions where they live. All thats needed to become one is a few minutes each day or each week to gather data and send it3 in.

　　One of the groups first efforts relies on scientists and non-scientists alike to collect data about plant flowering and leafing every year. The program, called Project BudBurst, collects life cycle data on a variety of common plants from across the United States. People participating in the project - which is open to everyone - record their observations on the Project BudBurst website.

　　詞匯：

　　Neighborrhood n.近鄰;鄰近地區 Database n.數據庫

　　注釋：

　　hyper-local beat: beat 在此做名詞用，意思是：某類資訊報道，如，a business beat; 商業專題報道。這是近年來出現的新詞。Hyper-local beat 即 hyper-local news，指 的是被傳統資訊報道方式所忽略的小型社區或居民居住區里發生的相關信息報道。在美 國由此而誕生了 hyper-local news website，專門對主流媒體所沒有覆蓋的地區所發生 的事件進行報道，其形式多以網民，即短文中所提及的 citizen journalists，上傳所 在社區發生的事件報道、照片或視頻為主。這是網絡時代產生的又一新生事物。

　　phenology：物候學或生物氣候學，是氣候學和生態學的邊緣學科，主要研究氣候環境 對生物的影響。

　　練習：

　　A) to provide their personal life cycles. B) to observe the life cycle of plants.

　　What are citizen scientists asked to do?

　　B) To send their research observations to a professional database.

　　D) To keep a record of their research observations.

　　A) a citizen journalist. B) a citizen scientist. C) a scientist. D) a citizen.

　　A) Only experts can participate in it. B) Everybody can participate in it.

　　5. What is the final purpose of Project BudBurst?

　　B) To find out the types of plants in the neighborhood.

　　United States.

　　答案與題解：

　　 B第二段第三句中 encourage ordinary people to observe的主語是 The citizen scientist movement，即公民參與科學觀察的運動。所以 D 不是正確選擇。A 和 C 不符 合文章的句意，因此也不是正確的選擇。這個句子的大意是：這一運動鼓勵普通公民根 據自己的興趣愛好進行科學觀察，并將觀察結果送交數據庫，讓專門領域的科學家做進 一步的觀察。B 正確表達了這個意思。

　　A 文章最后一段說，這個計劃向所有人開放，所以應選擇 A。B，C，D 所述內容都在該段中提到。

　　Citizen Scientists

　　Climate scientists are not present everywhere. Because there are so many places in the world and not enough scientists to observe all of them, theyre asking for your help in observing signs of climate change across the world. The citizen scientist movement encourages ordinary people to observe a very specific research interest - birds, trees, flowers budding, etc. - and send their observations to a giant database to be observed by professional scientists. This helps a small number of scientists track a large amount of data that they would never be able to gather on their own. Much like citizen journalists helping large publications cover a hyper-local beat2, citizen scientists are ready for the conditions where they live. All thats needed to become one is a few minutes each day or each week to gather data and send it3 in.

　　One of the groups first efforts relies on scientists and non-scientists alike to collect data about plant flowering and leafing every year. The program, called Project BudBurst, collects life cycle data on a variety of common plants from across the United States. People participating in the project - which is open to everyone - record their observations on the Project BudBurst website.

　　詞匯：

　　Neighborrhood n.近鄰;鄰近地區 Database n.數據庫

　　注釋：

　　hyper-local beat: beat 在此做名詞用，意思是：某類資訊報道，如，a business beat; 商業專題報道。這是近年來出現的新詞。Hyper-local beat 即 hyper-local news，指 的是被傳統資訊報道方式所忽略的小型社區或居民居住區里發生的相關信息報道。在美 國由此而誕生了 hyper-local news website，專門對主流媒體所沒有覆蓋的地區所發生 的事件進行報道，其形式多以網民，即短文中所提及的 citizen journalists，上傳所 在社區發生的事件報道、照片或視頻為主。這是網絡時代產生的又一新生事物。

　　phenology：物候學或生物氣候學，是氣候學和生態學的邊緣學科，主要研究氣候環境 對生物的影響。

　　練習：

　　A) to provide their personal life cycles. B) to observe the life cycle of plants.

　　What are citizen scientists asked to do?

　　B) To send their research observations to a professional database.

　　D) To keep a record of their research observations.

　　A) a citizen journalist. B) a citizen scientist. C) a scientist. D) a citizen.

　　A) Only experts can participate in it. B) Everybody can participate in it.

　　5. What is the final purpose of Project BudBurst?

　　B) To find out the types of plants in the neighborhood.

　　United States.

　　答案與題解：

　　 B第二段第三句中 encourage ordinary people to observe的主語是 The citizen scientist movement，即公民參與科學觀察的運動。所以 D 不是正確選擇。A 和 C 不符 合文章的句意，因此也不是正確的選擇。這個句子的大意是：這一運動鼓勵普通公民根 據自己的興趣愛好進行科學觀察，并將觀察結果送交數據庫，讓專門領域的科學家做進 一步的觀察。B 正確表達了這個意思。

　　A 文章最后一段說，這個計劃向所有人開放，所以應選擇 A。B，C，D 所述內容都在該段中提到。