牛津?qū)嵱糜⒄Z語法:338 原因從句和結(jié)果／原因從句
除了下面A2，A3中所示各種類型外，這兩種從句均可由as或because來引導(dǎo)。但是用as引導(dǎo)原因從句較為穩(wěn)妥;用because引導(dǎo)結(jié)果/原因從句較為穩(wěn)妥(參見B)。
A 原因從句
1 由as/because/since 引導(dǎo)的原因從句：
We camped there as/because/since it was too dark to go on.
我們在那里露宿是因為天太黑，不能再繼續(xù)往前走了。
As/Because/Since it was too dark to go on，we camped there.
因為天太黑不能再繼續(xù)往前走，我們就在那兒露宿了。
2 in view of the fact that可用as/since/seeing that來表示，但不能用because：
As/Since/Seeing that you are here，you may as well give me a hand.
既然你在這兒，你就幫我個忙吧。
As/Since/Seeing that Tom knows French，hed better do the talking.
既然湯姆懂法語，最好讓他來談。
3 在as/since/seeing that意指以前共知的或共知的陳述時，可用if來代替：
As/Since/Seeing that/If you dont like Bill，why did you invite him?
既然/如果你不喜歡比爾，你為什么邀請了他?
注意：if so的用法：
I hope Bill wont come.
If so(=If you hope he wont come)，why did you invite him?
我希望比爾別來。
如果這樣(=如果你希望他不來)，你為什么邀請了他?
B 結(jié)果從句由because或as引導(dǎo)：
The fuse blew because we had overloaded the circuit.
保險絲燒斷了，因為我們使線路超載了。
He was angry because we were late.
他生氣是因為我們來晚了。
As it froze hard that night there was ice everywhere next day.
因為那天晚上冷得厲害，所以第二天到處都是冰。
As the soup was very salty we were thirsty afterwards.
因為這湯很咸，后來我們渴得厲害。
C 這種組合也可用so連接兩個主句的形式來表示：
It was too dark to go on，so we camped there.
天太黑了，不能繼續(xù)往前走了，所以我們就在那兒露宿了。
You are here，so you may as well give me a hand.
你們既然在這兒，不如就幫我一下。
It froze hard that night，so there was ice everywhere next day.
那天夜里冷得厲害，所以第二天到處都是冰。
也可以使用therefore，但只限用于非常正式的句子中：
The Finnish delegate has not yet arrived.We are therefore postponing/ We have therefore decided to postpone/Therefore we are postponing the meeting.
芬蘭代表還沒有到達(dá)。我們因此要把會議推遲/因此我們已決定把會議推遲/因此我們要把會議推遲。(注意therefore可以放在幾個不同的位置。)
除了下面A2，A3中所示各種類型外，這兩種從句均可由as或because來引導(dǎo)。但是用as引導(dǎo)原因從句較為穩(wěn)妥;用because引導(dǎo)結(jié)果/原因從句較為穩(wěn)妥(參見B)。
A 原因從句
1 由as/because/since 引導(dǎo)的原因從句：
We camped there as/because/since it was too dark to go on.
我們在那里露宿是因為天太黑，不能再繼續(xù)往前走了。
As/Because/Since it was too dark to go on，we camped there.
因為天太黑不能再繼續(xù)往前走，我們就在那兒露宿了。
2 in view of the fact that可用as/since/seeing that來表示，但不能用because：
As/Since/Seeing that you are here，you may as well give me a hand.
既然你在這兒，你就幫我個忙吧。
As/Since/Seeing that Tom knows French，hed better do the talking.
既然湯姆懂法語，最好讓他來談。
3 在as/since/seeing that意指以前共知的或共知的陳述時，可用if來代替：
As/Since/Seeing that/If you dont like Bill，why did you invite him?
既然/如果你不喜歡比爾，你為什么邀請了他?
注意：if so的用法：
I hope Bill wont come.
If so(=If you hope he wont come)，why did you invite him?
我希望比爾別來。
如果這樣(=如果你希望他不來)，你為什么邀請了他?
B 結(jié)果從句由because或as引導(dǎo)：
The fuse blew because we had overloaded the circuit.
保險絲燒斷了，因為我們使線路超載了。
He was angry because we were late.
他生氣是因為我們來晚了。
As it froze hard that night there was ice everywhere next day.
因為那天晚上冷得厲害，所以第二天到處都是冰。
As the soup was very salty we were thirsty afterwards.
因為這湯很咸，后來我們渴得厲害。
C 這種組合也可用so連接兩個主句的形式來表示：
It was too dark to go on，so we camped there.
天太黑了，不能繼續(xù)往前走了，所以我們就在那兒露宿了。
You are here，so you may as well give me a hand.
你們既然在這兒，不如就幫我一下。
It froze hard that night，so there was ice everywhere next day.
那天夜里冷得厲害，所以第二天到處都是冰。
也可以使用therefore，但只限用于非常正式的句子中：
The Finnish delegate has not yet arrived.We are therefore postponing/ We have therefore decided to postpone/Therefore we are postponing the meeting.
芬蘭代表還沒有到達(dá)。我們因此要把會議推遲/因此我們已決定把會議推遲/因此我們要把會議推遲。(注意therefore可以放在幾個不同的位置。)
