面對(duì)?；冯[患，你該怎么辦
Housekeeping is crucial to safe workplaces. It can help prevent injuries and improve productivity and morale.
打掃衛(wèi)生對(duì)工作場所的安全至關(guān)重要，它有助于預(yù)防受傷，提高生產(chǎn)力，提振士氣。
The practice extends from traditional offices to industrial workplaces, including factories, warehouses and manufacturing plants that present special challenges such as hazardous materials, combustible dust and other flammables. Here are 11 tips for effective workplace housekeeping.
無論是傳統(tǒng)辦公室，還是工業(yè)生產(chǎn)車間，比如含特別風(fēng)險(xiǎn)(危險(xiǎn)品、易燃粉塵和其他易燃物)的工廠、倉庫和制造廠，打掃衛(wèi)生都很重要。以下是高效清潔工作場所的11個(gè)技巧。
1. Prevent slips, trips and falls
預(yù)防滑倒、絆倒和掉落
Report and clean up spills and leaks.
Consider installing mirrors and warning signs to help with blind spots.
Replace worn, ripped or damage flooring.
Use drip pans and guards.
有物體溢出、泄露時(shí)應(yīng)報(bào)告上級(jí)并清理干凈。
考慮在盲區(qū)旁放置鏡子、張貼警示標(biāo)志。
地板破損、裂開或有損壞時(shí)應(yīng)更換。
使用滴油盤和防護(hù)裝置。
2. Eliminate fire hazards
消除火災(zāi)隱患
Keep combustible materials in the work area only in amounts needed for the job. When they are unneeded, move them to an assigned safe storage area.
Store quick-burning, flammable materials in designated locations away from ignition sources.
Avoid contaminating clothes with flammable liquids. Change clothes if contamination occurs.
在工作場所只存放工作需要量的易燃物品。不需要時(shí)，將易燃品移至指定的安全儲(chǔ)藏區(qū)。
將速燃、易燃物品存儲(chǔ)在遠(yuǎn)離火源的指定地點(diǎn)。
避免衣物沾染易燃液體。一旦沾染，趕快換掉衣服。
3.Control dust
控制粉塵
Dust accumulation of more than 0.8 millimeters – covering at least 5 percent of a room's surface poses a significant explosion hazard. Vacuuming is the "preferred" method of cleaning. Sweeping and water wash-down are other options. "Blow-downs" using compressed air or steam is allowed for inaccessible or unsafe surfaces.
粉塵沉積超過0.8毫米，覆蓋房間表面達(dá)5%或以上時(shí)，會(huì)有重大的爆炸隱患。吸塵器是清理灰塵的最佳選擇。清掃和灑水也是可選的。對(duì)于接觸不到或不安全的表面，可用壓縮空氣和蒸汽進(jìn)行排氣清理。
4. Avoid tracking materials
避免留下痕跡
Work-area mats should be kept clean and maintained.
Separate cleaning protocols may be needed for different areas to prevent cross-contamination.
If the materials are toxic, industrial hygiene testing, uniforms and showering facilities might be needed.
工作場所里的墊子應(yīng)保持干凈并加以保養(yǎng)。
不同場所應(yīng)有獨(dú)立的清理規(guī)定，以防交叉污染。
如果這些物質(zhì)有毒，需要進(jìn)行工業(yè)衛(wèi)生檢測，穿戴工作服，安裝淋浴設(shè)備。
5. Prevent falling objects
避免物體掉落
Protections such as a toe board can help prevent objects from falling and hitting workers or equipment. Other tips include stacking boxes and materials straight up and down to keep them from falling. Place heavy objects on lower shelves, and keep equipment away from the edges of desks and tables.
趾板等防護(hù)物品有助于預(yù)防物體掉落，以免擊中工人或設(shè)備。其他的建議包括：整齊堆放堆垛箱、物避免掉落;將重的物品放在低架子上;設(shè)備應(yīng)遠(yuǎn)離桌邊。
6. Clear clutter
清理雜物
Keep aisles, stairways, emergency exits, electrical panels and doors clear of clutter, and purge untidy areas. Empty trash receptacles before they overflow.
過道、樓梯、緊急出口、配電板和門口處禁止堆放雜物，臟亂場所應(yīng)清理干凈。垃圾箱裝滿前應(yīng)清空。
7. Store materials properly
正確儲(chǔ)藏物品
Storage areas should not have an accumulation of materials that present hazards for tripping, fire, explosion or pests. Unused materials and equipment should be stored out of the way of workers. Remember to put everything back in its proper place. Keeping a storage space nearby so workers are encouraged to use it.
儲(chǔ)藏區(qū)不應(yīng)堆放可能絆倒人、引發(fā)火災(zāi)和爆炸、招致害蟲的物品。未使用過的物品和設(shè)備應(yīng)放在不影響工人的區(qū)域。謹(jǐn)記所有物品用完后應(yīng)放到合適的地方。儲(chǔ)藏區(qū)應(yīng)設(shè)在附近，以方便工人使用。
8. Use and inspect personal protective equipment and tools
使用并檢查個(gè)人防護(hù)裝備和工具
Wear basic PPE – such as closed-toe shoes and safety glasses – while performing housekeeping. Determine what type of PPE to don based on the potential risks. Regularly inspect, clean and fix tools. Remove any damaged tools from the work area.
打掃衛(wèi)生時(shí)穿戴基本的個(gè)人防護(hù)裝備，如包頭鞋、安全眼鏡。根據(jù)潛在的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)來判斷穿戴哪種類型的個(gè)人防護(hù)裝備。定期檢查、清理和修補(bǔ)工具。將所有損壞工具移出工作區(qū)。
9. Determine frequency
確定清潔頻率
All workers should participate in housekeeping, especially in terms of keeping their own work areas tidy, reporting safety hazards and cleaning up spills. A company should have a mixture of deep cleaning and more frequent, lighter cleaning that involves sweeping and responding to spills.
打掃衛(wèi)生人人有責(zé)，特別是個(gè)人工作區(qū)應(yīng)保持干凈，上報(bào)安全隱患并清理泄漏液體。公司應(yīng)既有全面大掃除，又經(jīng)常做一般性清掃，如掃除垃圾，清理泄漏液體。
10. Create written rules
制定書面規(guī)則
Housekeeping policies should be put in writing. Written protocols could specify which cleaners, tools and methods should be used.
清潔衛(wèi)生制度應(yīng)以書面形式呈現(xiàn)出來。書面協(xié)議可以明確規(guī)定應(yīng)該使用哪種清潔劑、工具和方法。
11. Think long-term
著眼長遠(yuǎn)
Housekeeping should be more than a one-time initiative. Keep records, maintain a regular walkthrough inspection schedule, report hazards and train employees to help sustain housekeeping.
清潔衛(wèi)生不應(yīng)該只是三分鐘熱度。應(yīng)該做記錄，定期做全面檢查，匯報(bào)隱患，指導(dǎo)員工經(jīng)常清潔衛(wèi)生。
Vocabulary
combustible: 易燃的
flammable: 易燃物
trip: 絆倒
ignition: 點(diǎn)燃
toxic: 有毒的
purge: 清洗
PPE (personal protective equipment): 個(gè)人防護(hù)設(shè)備
Housekeeping is crucial to safe workplaces. It can help prevent injuries and improve productivity and morale.
打掃衛(wèi)生對(duì)工作場所的安全至關(guān)重要，它有助于預(yù)防受傷，提高生產(chǎn)力，提振士氣。
The practice extends from traditional offices to industrial workplaces, including factories, warehouses and manufacturing plants that present special challenges such as hazardous materials, combustible dust and other flammables. Here are 11 tips for effective workplace housekeeping.
無論是傳統(tǒng)辦公室，還是工業(yè)生產(chǎn)車間，比如含特別風(fēng)險(xiǎn)(危險(xiǎn)品、易燃粉塵和其他易燃物)的工廠、倉庫和制造廠，打掃衛(wèi)生都很重要。以下是高效清潔工作場所的11個(gè)技巧。
1. Prevent slips, trips and falls
預(yù)防滑倒、絆倒和掉落
Report and clean up spills and leaks.
Consider installing mirrors and warning signs to help with blind spots.
Replace worn, ripped or damage flooring.
Use drip pans and guards.
有物體溢出、泄露時(shí)應(yīng)報(bào)告上級(jí)并清理干凈。
考慮在盲區(qū)旁放置鏡子、張貼警示標(biāo)志。
地板破損、裂開或有損壞時(shí)應(yīng)更換。
使用滴油盤和防護(hù)裝置。
2. Eliminate fire hazards
消除火災(zāi)隱患
Keep combustible materials in the work area only in amounts needed for the job. When they are unneeded, move them to an assigned safe storage area.
Store quick-burning, flammable materials in designated locations away from ignition sources.
Avoid contaminating clothes with flammable liquids. Change clothes if contamination occurs.
在工作場所只存放工作需要量的易燃物品。不需要時(shí)，將易燃品移至指定的安全儲(chǔ)藏區(qū)。
將速燃、易燃物品存儲(chǔ)在遠(yuǎn)離火源的指定地點(diǎn)。
避免衣物沾染易燃液體。一旦沾染，趕快換掉衣服。
3.Control dust
控制粉塵
Dust accumulation of more than 0.8 millimeters – covering at least 5 percent of a room's surface poses a significant explosion hazard. Vacuuming is the "preferred" method of cleaning. Sweeping and water wash-down are other options. "Blow-downs" using compressed air or steam is allowed for inaccessible or unsafe surfaces.
粉塵沉積超過0.8毫米，覆蓋房間表面達(dá)5%或以上時(shí)，會(huì)有重大的爆炸隱患。吸塵器是清理灰塵的最佳選擇。清掃和灑水也是可選的。對(duì)于接觸不到或不安全的表面，可用壓縮空氣和蒸汽進(jìn)行排氣清理。
4. Avoid tracking materials
避免留下痕跡
Work-area mats should be kept clean and maintained.
Separate cleaning protocols may be needed for different areas to prevent cross-contamination.
If the materials are toxic, industrial hygiene testing, uniforms and showering facilities might be needed.
工作場所里的墊子應(yīng)保持干凈并加以保養(yǎng)。
不同場所應(yīng)有獨(dú)立的清理規(guī)定，以防交叉污染。
如果這些物質(zhì)有毒，需要進(jìn)行工業(yè)衛(wèi)生檢測，穿戴工作服，安裝淋浴設(shè)備。
5. Prevent falling objects
避免物體掉落
Protections such as a toe board can help prevent objects from falling and hitting workers or equipment. Other tips include stacking boxes and materials straight up and down to keep them from falling. Place heavy objects on lower shelves, and keep equipment away from the edges of desks and tables.
趾板等防護(hù)物品有助于預(yù)防物體掉落，以免擊中工人或設(shè)備。其他的建議包括：整齊堆放堆垛箱、物避免掉落;將重的物品放在低架子上;設(shè)備應(yīng)遠(yuǎn)離桌邊。
6. Clear clutter
清理雜物
Keep aisles, stairways, emergency exits, electrical panels and doors clear of clutter, and purge untidy areas. Empty trash receptacles before they overflow.
過道、樓梯、緊急出口、配電板和門口處禁止堆放雜物，臟亂場所應(yīng)清理干凈。垃圾箱裝滿前應(yīng)清空。
7. Store materials properly
正確儲(chǔ)藏物品
Storage areas should not have an accumulation of materials that present hazards for tripping, fire, explosion or pests. Unused materials and equipment should be stored out of the way of workers. Remember to put everything back in its proper place. Keeping a storage space nearby so workers are encouraged to use it.
儲(chǔ)藏區(qū)不應(yīng)堆放可能絆倒人、引發(fā)火災(zāi)和爆炸、招致害蟲的物品。未使用過的物品和設(shè)備應(yīng)放在不影響工人的區(qū)域。謹(jǐn)記所有物品用完后應(yīng)放到合適的地方。儲(chǔ)藏區(qū)應(yīng)設(shè)在附近，以方便工人使用。
8. Use and inspect personal protective equipment and tools
使用并檢查個(gè)人防護(hù)裝備和工具
Wear basic PPE – such as closed-toe shoes and safety glasses – while performing housekeeping. Determine what type of PPE to don based on the potential risks. Regularly inspect, clean and fix tools. Remove any damaged tools from the work area.
打掃衛(wèi)生時(shí)穿戴基本的個(gè)人防護(hù)裝備，如包頭鞋、安全眼鏡。根據(jù)潛在的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)來判斷穿戴哪種類型的個(gè)人防護(hù)裝備。定期檢查、清理和修補(bǔ)工具。將所有損壞工具移出工作區(qū)。
9. Determine frequency
確定清潔頻率
All workers should participate in housekeeping, especially in terms of keeping their own work areas tidy, reporting safety hazards and cleaning up spills. A company should have a mixture of deep cleaning and more frequent, lighter cleaning that involves sweeping and responding to spills.
打掃衛(wèi)生人人有責(zé)，特別是個(gè)人工作區(qū)應(yīng)保持干凈，上報(bào)安全隱患并清理泄漏液體。公司應(yīng)既有全面大掃除，又經(jīng)常做一般性清掃，如掃除垃圾，清理泄漏液體。
10. Create written rules
制定書面規(guī)則
Housekeeping policies should be put in writing. Written protocols could specify which cleaners, tools and methods should be used.
清潔衛(wèi)生制度應(yīng)以書面形式呈現(xiàn)出來。書面協(xié)議可以明確規(guī)定應(yīng)該使用哪種清潔劑、工具和方法。
11. Think long-term
著眼長遠(yuǎn)
Housekeeping should be more than a one-time initiative. Keep records, maintain a regular walkthrough inspection schedule, report hazards and train employees to help sustain housekeeping.
清潔衛(wèi)生不應(yīng)該只是三分鐘熱度。應(yīng)該做記錄，定期做全面檢查，匯報(bào)隱患，指導(dǎo)員工經(jīng)常清潔衛(wèi)生。
Vocabulary
combustible: 易燃的
flammable: 易燃物
trip: 絆倒
ignition: 點(diǎn)燃
toxic: 有毒的
purge: 清洗
PPE (personal protective equipment): 個(gè)人防護(hù)設(shè)備
