2024屆高考英語二輪語法強攻課件：狀語從句

　　1. 狀語從句的基本用法。 2. 引導狀語從句的常見連詞。 一、狀語從句的類型及連詞 二、狀語從句中的引導詞 1. while

　　while引導時間狀語從句時，從句的謂語必須是延續性動詞（如stay, wait, live等），而不能是非延續性動詞。如：

　　Please don’t talk so loud while others are working.

　　while引導讓步狀語從句時，相當于although / though / as，但while / although引導的讓步狀語從句不用倒裝語序，though引導的讓步狀語從句可以倒裝也可以不倒裝，而as引導的讓步狀語從句則必須倒裝。如：

　　While / Although / Though the bride is happy, she will feel homesick at the beginning.

　　Happy as the bride is, she will feel homesick at the beginning. 2. until和till

　　until和till都表示“直到”，?？苫Q，但till一般不用于句首，也不用于強調句中。

　　until / till從句與肯定的主句連用時，主句的謂語必須是延續性動詞，表示主句的動作一直持續到until / till所表示的時間為止。如：

　　You may stay here until the rain stops.

　　Mr. Bush remained there till his brother arrived.

　　until / till從句與否定的主句連用時，主句的謂語是非延續性動詞，表示“直到……才”，即主句的動作到until / till所表示的時間才開始。如：

　　David won’t go to bed until / till his wife returns.

　　Leo didn’t come until he had gone over his lesson.

　　not until位于句首時，主句須用倒裝語序。如：

　　Not until I began to work did I realize how much time I had wasted.

　　not until結構可用于強調句中。如：

　　It was not until she came to see us that we knew her mother was ill in bed. 3. when

　　when引導時間狀語從句時，從句的動作既可與主句的動作同時發生，也可先后發生。如：

　　When we were at school, we went to the library every day.

　　When the meal was finished, Rachel washed up.

　　when可以引導條件狀語從句，意為“如果”。如：

　　How can we explain it to you when you won’t listen?

　　when可以作并列連詞，意為“正在那時，突然”，此時所引導的從句只能放在主句之后。如：

　　We were swimming in the lake when suddenly the storm started.

　　4. as

　　as可以引導時間狀語從句，其動作是延續性的，表示“當……時，隨著”。

　　The atmosphere gets thinner and thinner as the height increases.

　　as可以引導原因狀語從句，一般放在句首，表示十分明顯的原因。如：

　　As it is raining, we shall not go camping.

　　as可以引導讓步狀語從句, 通常用倒裝結構。具體情況如下：

　　形容詞或副詞+ as +主語+系動詞be或實義動詞。

　　如: Much as I like it, I won’t buy.

　　名詞+ as +主語+系動詞（句首的名詞前多不帶冠詞）。如：

　　Child as he is, he knows a lot.

　　實義動詞+ as +主語+助動詞（如果沒有助動詞, 則要加上do, does或did）。如：

　　Try as he would, he couldn’t lift the heavy box.

　　5. no sooner ... than ..., hardly / scarcely ... when ...

　　no sooner ... than ...和hardly / scarcely ... when ...引導的從句表示“一……就……，剛……就……”的含義。主句中的動詞一般用過去完成時, 從句用一般過去時。no sooner, hardly位于句首時, 主句的主謂語要部分倒裝。如：

　　The words had no sooner been spoken than he realized that he should have remained silent.

　　I had hardly got home when it began to rain.

　　No sooner had we got to the station than the train left.

　　Hardly had we begun when we were told to stop.

　　6. 由“疑問詞-ever”構成的復合詞與“no matter +

　　疑問詞”

　　由“疑問詞-ever”構成的復合詞可以引導讓步狀語從句。此時以-ever結尾的復合詞在口語中可由“no matter +疑問詞”代替。如：

　　I’ve told you that I’m going to buy that pen, however much it costs. = ..., no matter how much it costs.

　　Don’t trust him, whatever he says. = ..., no matter what he says. 在含狀語從句的復合句中，主、從句通常根據實際時間關系來確定動詞的時態，但有一點需要注意：在時間狀語從句、條件狀語從句或由“疑問詞-ever”、“no matter +疑問詞”等引導的讓步狀語從句中，可以用一般現在時表將來。下面就狀語從句考點進行歸納總結。 一、時間狀語從句 【考例】

　　It was the middle of the night _____ my father woke me up and told me to watch the football game.

　　A. that

　　B. as

　　C. which

　　D. when

　　二、地點狀語從句

　　where在地點狀語從句中，除了指地點外，還可指處境等。

　　由where引導的地點狀語從句與定語從句的區別：where引導定語從句時，從句前應有一個表示（抽象）地點或處所的名詞作先行詞，而狀語從句前沒有先行詞。 【考例】 Half an hour later, Lucy still couldn’t get a taxi _____ the bus had dropped her.

　　A. until

　　B. when

　　C. although

　　D. where 2. Many countries are now setting up national parks _____ animals and plants can be protected.

　　A. when

　　B. which

　　C. whose

　　D. where

　　三、原因狀語從句

　　引導原因狀語從句的常用連詞有because, since, as, now (that)等。它們的用法區別是：because語氣最強，述說直接原因，說明因果關系，常回答以why開頭的問句；since, as和now (that)引導的從句用法相似，表示雙方都知道的原因。 【考例】

　　—Coach, can I continue with the training?

　　—Sorry, you can’t _____ you haven’t recovered

　　from the knee injury.

　　A. until

　　B. before

　　C. as

　　D. unless 四、讓步狀語從句 【考例】

　　_____ the forest park is far away, a lot of

　　tourists visit it every year.

　　A. As

　　B. When

　　C. Even though

　　D. In case 五、目的狀語從句 【考例】

　　Cathy had quit her job when her son was born _____ she could stay home and raise her family.

　　A. now that

　　B. as if

　　C. only if

　　D. so that 六、結果狀語從句

　　so ... that和such ... that表示“如此……以致于”, so后面接形容詞或副詞， such后面接名詞。但名詞前有many, much, few, little這些詞修飾時, 要用so?！皊uch + a(n) + adj. +單數名詞+ that”可轉換成“so + adj. + a(n) +單數名詞+ that”。

　　【考例】The weather was _____ cold that I didn’t like to leave my room.

　　A. really

　　B. such

　　C. too

　　D. so 七、條件狀語從句

　　【考例】

　　You will never gain success _____ you are fully

　　devoted to your work.

　　A. when

　　B. because

　　C. after

　　D. unless 八、方式狀語從句

　　引導方式狀語從句的常用連詞有as, as if / though。as if / though引導的狀語從句的謂語動詞常用虛擬語氣，表示與事實相反的假設。如果從句所表達的內容被看作是事實或者有可能是事實時，就要用陳述語氣。

　　【考例】Jack wasn’t saying anything, but the teacher smiled at him _____ he had done something very clever.

　　A. as if

　　B. in case

　　C. while

　　D. though 九、比較狀語從句

　　含as ... as ...的比較狀語從句用在同級比較中, 若表否定用not so / as ... as ...。其中第一個so / as是副詞, 修飾主句的形容詞或副詞的原形，后一個as是連詞, 引導比較狀語從句。

　　【考例】I have seldom seen my mother _____ pleased with my progress as she is now.

　　A. so

　　B. very

　　C. too

　　D. rather

　　1. 狀語從句的基本用法。 2. 引導狀語從句的常見連詞。 一、狀語從句的類型及連詞 二、狀語從句中的引導詞 1. while

　　while引導時間狀語從句時，從句的謂語必須是延續性動詞（如stay, wait, live等），而不能是非延續性動詞。如：

　　Please don’t talk so loud while others are working.

　　while引導讓步狀語從句時，相當于although / though / as，但while / although引導的讓步狀語從句不用倒裝語序，though引導的讓步狀語從句可以倒裝也可以不倒裝，而as引導的讓步狀語從句則必須倒裝。如：

　　While / Although / Though the bride is happy, she will feel homesick at the beginning.

　　Happy as the bride is, she will feel homesick at the beginning. 2. until和till

　　until和till都表示“直到”，?？苫Q，但till一般不用于句首，也不用于強調句中。

　　until / till從句與肯定的主句連用時，主句的謂語必須是延續性動詞，表示主句的動作一直持續到until / till所表示的時間為止。如：

　　You may stay here until the rain stops.

　　Mr. Bush remained there till his brother arrived.

　　until / till從句與否定的主句連用時，主句的謂語是非延續性動詞，表示“直到……才”，即主句的動作到until / till所表示的時間才開始。如：

　　David won’t go to bed until / till his wife returns.

　　Leo didn’t come until he had gone over his lesson.

　　not until位于句首時，主句須用倒裝語序。如：

　　Not until I began to work did I realize how much time I had wasted.

　　not until結構可用于強調句中。如：

　　It was not until she came to see us that we knew her mother was ill in bed. 3. when

　　when引導時間狀語從句時，從句的動作既可與主句的動作同時發生，也可先后發生。如：

　　When we were at school, we went to the library every day.

　　When the meal was finished, Rachel washed up.

　　when可以引導條件狀語從句，意為“如果”。如：

　　How can we explain it to you when you won’t listen?

　　when可以作并列連詞，意為“正在那時，突然”，此時所引導的從句只能放在主句之后。如：

　　We were swimming in the lake when suddenly the storm started.

　　4. as

　　as可以引導時間狀語從句，其動作是延續性的，表示“當……時，隨著”。

　　The atmosphere gets thinner and thinner as the height increases.

　　as可以引導原因狀語從句，一般放在句首，表示十分明顯的原因。如：

　　As it is raining, we shall not go camping.

　　as可以引導讓步狀語從句, 通常用倒裝結構。具體情況如下：

　　形容詞或副詞+ as +主語+系動詞be或實義動詞。

　　如: Much as I like it, I won’t buy.

　　名詞+ as +主語+系動詞（句首的名詞前多不帶冠詞）。如：

　　Child as he is, he knows a lot.

　　實義動詞+ as +主語+助動詞（如果沒有助動詞, 則要加上do, does或did）。如：

　　Try as he would, he couldn’t lift the heavy box.

　　5. no sooner ... than ..., hardly / scarcely ... when ...

　　no sooner ... than ...和hardly / scarcely ... when ...引導的從句表示“一……就……，剛……就……”的含義。主句中的動詞一般用過去完成時, 從句用一般過去時。no sooner, hardly位于句首時, 主句的主謂語要部分倒裝。如：

　　The words had no sooner been spoken than he realized that he should have remained silent.

　　I had hardly got home when it began to rain.

　　No sooner had we got to the station than the train left.

　　Hardly had we begun when we were told to stop.

　　6. 由“疑問詞-ever”構成的復合詞與“no matter +

　　疑問詞”

　　由“疑問詞-ever”構成的復合詞可以引導讓步狀語從句。此時以-ever結尾的復合詞在口語中可由“no matter +疑問詞”代替。如：

　　I’ve told you that I’m going to buy that pen, however much it costs. = ..., no matter how much it costs.

　　Don’t trust him, whatever he says. = ..., no matter what he says. 在含狀語從句的復合句中，主、從句通常根據實際時間關系來確定動詞的時態，但有一點需要注意：在時間狀語從句、條件狀語從句或由“疑問詞-ever”、“no matter +疑問詞”等引導的讓步狀語從句中，可以用一般現在時表將來。下面就狀語從句考點進行歸納總結。 一、時間狀語從句 【考例】

　　It was the middle of the night _____ my father woke me up and told me to watch the football game.

　　A. that

　　B. as

　　C. which

　　D. when

　　二、地點狀語從句

　　where在地點狀語從句中，除了指地點外，還可指處境等。

　　由where引導的地點狀語從句與定語從句的區別：where引導定語從句時，從句前應有一個表示（抽象）地點或處所的名詞作先行詞，而狀語從句前沒有先行詞。 【考例】 Half an hour later, Lucy still couldn’t get a taxi _____ the bus had dropped her.

　　A. until

　　B. when

　　C. although

　　D. where 2. Many countries are now setting up national parks _____ animals and plants can be protected.

　　A. when

　　B. which

　　C. whose

　　D. where

　　三、原因狀語從句

　　引導原因狀語從句的常用連詞有because, since, as, now (that)等。它們的用法區別是：because語氣最強，述說直接原因，說明因果關系，常回答以why開頭的問句；since, as和now (that)引導的從句用法相似，表示雙方都知道的原因。 【考例】

　　—Coach, can I continue with the training?

　　—Sorry, you can’t _____ you haven’t recovered

　　from the knee injury.

　　A. until

　　B. before

　　C. as

　　D. unless 四、讓步狀語從句 【考例】

　　_____ the forest park is far away, a lot of

　　tourists visit it every year.

　　A. As

　　B. When

　　C. Even though

　　D. In case 五、目的狀語從句 【考例】

　　Cathy had quit her job when her son was born _____ she could stay home and raise her family.

　　A. now that

　　B. as if

　　C. only if

　　D. so that 六、結果狀語從句

　　so ... that和such ... that表示“如此……以致于”, so后面接形容詞或副詞， such后面接名詞。但名詞前有many, much, few, little這些詞修飾時, 要用so。“such + a(n) + adj. +單數名詞+ that”可轉換成“so + adj. + a(n) +單數名詞+ that”。

　　【考例】The weather was _____ cold that I didn’t like to leave my room.

　　A. really

　　B. such

　　C. too

　　D. so 七、條件狀語從句

　　【考例】

　　You will never gain success _____ you are fully

　　devoted to your work.

　　A. when

　　B. because

　　C. after

　　D. unless 八、方式狀語從句

　　引導方式狀語從句的常用連詞有as, as if / though。as if / though引導的狀語從句的謂語動詞常用虛擬語氣，表示與事實相反的假設。如果從句所表達的內容被看作是事實或者有可能是事實時，就要用陳述語氣。

　　【考例】Jack wasn’t saying anything, but the teacher smiled at him _____ he had done something very clever.

　　A. as if

　　B. in case

　　C. while

　　D. though 九、比較狀語從句

　　含as ... as ...的比較狀語從句用在同級比較中, 若表否定用not so / as ... as ...。其中第一個so / as是副詞, 修飾主句的形容詞或副詞的原形，后一個as是連詞, 引導比較狀語從句。

　　【考例】I have seldom seen my mother _____ pleased with my progress as she is now.

　　A. so

　　B. very

　　C. too

　　D. rather