2024屆高考英語一輪復習課件：必修3 unit4 Astronomy the science of the stars（新人教版）
答案：what 句意為：為了子孫后代，當地政府在保護環境方面所能做的事情是顯而易見的。It為形式主語，________ the local government can do to protect the environment for future generations是真正的主語，該主語從句缺少賓語，且表示物，故填what。 答案：it 考查it作形式賓語。
答案：have been taken; being polluted 考查主謂一致和非謂語動詞。 答案：to be cheered 考查非謂語動詞。 答案：improving 考查v-ing形式作結果狀語。 答案：have been pulled 考查時態語態。
答案：it 考查it作形式賓語。 答案：it 本題考查代詞的運用。句意：蘇珊清楚地跟我表明她希望為自己創造新的生活。分析句子結構可以看出，該句中包含一個that引導的從句，而且根據語境可知，that從句的內容就是蘇珊向我表明的事情，所以后置的that從句實際上是made的真正賓語，故用形式賓語it指代that從句。 答案：in 句意：經理想要看到公司的改變，我確信他遲早會看到的。in time“及時；最后，遲早”，符合題意。 答案：whether 本題考查名詞性從句。句意：那仍然得看新形成的委員會政策能否付諸實踐。It在此為形式主語，故seen后為真正的主語從句，又由remains to be seen可知存在不確定的意思，所以用whether是否。 答案：friendly 句意：兩國高層領導人在友好的氛圍(atmosphere)中進行談判。
答案：to avoid 答語句意：我退后了一步，正好避開了奔跑的汽車。in time to do sth.“正趕上做某事”。 答案：as 本題考查倍數的表達法。句意：據說這個發電廠現在是過去的兩倍大。“倍數＋as...as”是倍數的表達法，意為“是……的幾倍”，其中as...as之間要用原級。 Ⅱ.完成句子 1．An exceptionally big fire ________ ________(爆發) at midnight. Luckily, firefighters arrived just ________ ________(及時) for the rescue. 2．Atmosphere ________ ________(擋住) a large amount of harmful light from space. 3．________ ________(既然) we have finished the design, the company, ________ ________ ________(輪到), will do the construction. 4．________ ________ ________ ________(在全球范圍內), AIDS may well become the leading cause of infant death. 5．He, as well as his sister, ________ ________ ________(被撫養) in the mountainous area where education facilities are far from satisfactory. 6．建議采取措施來阻止工廠排放有害氣體。 ________ ________ ________ ________measures should be taken to prevent factories from discharging harmful gases into the air. 7．地球變暖是否加劇取決于我們的活動是否產生更多的二氧化碳。 Whether the global warming will become more serious ________ ________ ________ our activities will produce more carbon dioxide. 8．大部分證據被毀了，不可能證明這種食物是有毒的了。 Most of the evidence is destroyed, ________ ________ ________ ________to prove that the food is poisonous. 9．證人的描述太難以置信，沒有任何實際價值。 The witness's descriptions were ________ unbelievable ________ be of any real value. 10．沒有什么比得上一句誠心的問候更令人愉快了。 There is nothing ________ ________ ________ a cheerful word of greeting. 答案：1.broke out; in time 2.blocks out 3.Now that; in its turn 4.On a global scale 5.was brought up 6.It is suggested that 7.depends on whether 8.which makes it
impossible 9.too; to 10.more pleasant than 5．If you put your heart into it, you'll succeed on time.__________________ 6．As time going by, I began to realize what I did was wrong.__________________ 7．The problem of pollution is worth paying attention.__________________ 8．This is such interesting a film that I have seen it twice.__________________ 9．You shouldn't pay too much attention to your reading skill, as it is so important.__________________
10．It's no longer a question now that whether man can land on the moon.__________________ 答案：1.General→Generally 2.have后加上been 3.去掉being 4.depend后加on 5.on→in 6.As→With或going→went 7.attention后加上to 8.such→so 9.shouldn't→can't 10．去掉whether 答案： Whether we can land on Mars depends on the development of science and technology. There is almost no oxygen on Mars; the temperature changes greatly from day to night, which makes it impossible for us to live there. The environment of Mars is quite different from that of our earth. If we want to stay on Mars for a few days, we should have to take along our own oxygen, food, clothing and so on with us. We believe that we will succeed in landing on Mars in the future. ③Where the missing plane has gone still remains a puzzle ________ us. 失聯飛機去了哪兒對我們來說仍是個謎。 ④There was a ________(puzzle) look on the little girl's face because a ________(puzzle) problem ________(puzzle) her. 在這個小女孩的臉上帶著迷惑的表情，因為一道令人迷惑的問題讓她感到困惑。 答案：①puzzled ②about/over ③to ④puzzled; puzzling; puzzled 4．pull n. &vt. 拉(力)；托；牽引力 歸納拓展 pull through 康復；痊愈 pull back 拉回來；縮回；(使)后退；撤退 pull down 拉下(窗簾等)；拆毀；拆掉(房屋等) pull out 拔出；(列車等)出站；啟程 pull in (列車等)駛進；到站；(船)靠岸 pull together 齊心協力；團結起來 pull sb. through (使)渡過危機(難關) pull ... up 把……往上拽；停止 pull over (機動車輛等)停靠(在路邊)
③He pulled ________ his coat and joined us in the work. 他脫去上衣，便和我們一起干了起來。 ④The police car signaled to us to pull ________. 警車發出信號，要我們駛向路邊停靠。 答案：①out ②down ③off ④in 1.prevent/stop/keep ... from ... 阻止/防止……做/發生 歸納拓展 在主動語態的句子中，stop和prevent后的from可省略，但keep后的不可省略；在被動語態中，這三個短語中的from均不可省略。 比較：protect ... from ... 保護……不受……(傷害)
③The farmers ________ wheat ________ heavy rain with rain clothes. 農民們用雨布遮住小麥以防被大雨澆壞。 答案：①prevented/stopped/kept us from going ②was；prevented/stopped/kept from ③protect；from 2．in time 及時；終于 歸納拓展 on time 準時 all the time 一直；始終 at one time 曾經；一度 at a time 每次；逐一 at times 有時；間或 at all times 隨時；總是 from time to time 有時；偶爾
in no time 立刻；馬上 at no time 絕不 time and time again 一次又一次；一再 take one's time 別著急；慢慢來 keep up with the time 與時俱進
⑤Don't try to do everything at once; take it a bit ____________________. ⑥We arrived in the summer, just ____________________ to enjoy the midnight sun. 答案：①in time ②At no time ③at the same time ④At one time ⑤at a time ⑥in time
3．now that 由于；既然 歸納拓展 since與now that (既然)引導的原因狀語從句一般置于主句之前；because(因為)引導的原因狀語從句通常放在主句之后；as引導的原因狀語從句一般位于主句前，也可位于主句后。此外，并列連詞for也可表示原因，引導的原因分句只能放在另一個分句之后。
④He must be a good student, ________(因為) he's always careful with his lessons. 答案：①Now that(＝Since) ②Now that(＝Since) ③because ④for 4．in one's turn 輪到某人；接著 歸納拓展 in turn 依次；輪流；反之；反過來 by turns 輪流；交替地 take turns to do sth. 輪流做某事 It is one's turn to do sth. 輪到某人做某事 take one's turn 輪到某人 on the turn 正在轉變；正在變化 out of turn 不合時宜地；魯莽地 take a turn 轉變
③It turned ________ that this young man was none other than the old man's son. 結果證明這個年輕人正是那位老人的兒子。 答案：①in ②to drive ③out
5．cheer up感到高興；感到振奮 歸納拓展 cheer sb. up 使某人振作起來 cheer sb. on (比賽中)以喝彩聲鼓勵某人；為某人加油 Cheers! [口語](用于祝酒)干杯！
③I propose a toast to our friendship and cooperation. ________(cheer)! 我提議為我們的友情與互助，干杯！ 答案：①was cheered ②to cheer her up ③Cheers 1.So whether life will continue on the earth for millions of years to come will depend on whether this problem can be solved. 本句中的兩個whether分別引導主語從句和賓語從句。
歸納拓展 whether與if引導名詞性從句時的區別： (1)whether可以直接與or not連用，if不可以。 (2)引導位于句首的主語從句，用whether，不用if。 (3)引導表語從句和同位語從句，用whether，不用if。 (4)動詞不定式之前用whether，不用if。 (5)介詞之后的賓語從句用whether，不用if。 答案：①Whether we'll go camping tomorrow ②whether it is necessary for him to study abroad ③if you can help me
2．But when I tried to step forward, I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over. 而當我試著向前邁步的時候，我發覺我被送出去很遠，步子的跨度竟是在地球上的兩倍，因而我摔倒了。 本句中的twice as ... as ...表示“是……的幾倍”，該句型中的twice也可用half, one-third等詞，表示“是……的一半/幾分之幾”。 歸納拓展 有關倍數的表達方式還有： ①倍數＋as＋adj./adv.＋as ... ②倍數＋as＋many/much＋名詞＋as ... ③倍數＋形容詞/副詞的比較級＋than ... ④倍數＋the＋名詞＋of ... ⑤倍數＋the＋(計量)名詞＋of ... [溫馨提示](1)在“倍數＋the＋名詞＋of”結構中，常用的名詞有size, height, weight, length, width等。 (2)兩倍用twice或double，不到一倍用分數表示，三倍或三倍以上一般用times來表示，如three times, four times等。
③As new technology is introduced, this company ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ (生產的電腦是去年的三倍)． 答案：①twice as large as what it was ②the size of the old one ③produces three times as many computers as last year 3．This produced a chain reaction, which made it possible for life to develop. 這就產生了一系列的反應，使生命的發展成為可能。 句中it為形式賓語，真正賓語為to develop，for life是不定式的邏輯主語。 ③During this week, ________ ________ ________ ________ to jog every day. 在這一周當中一定要養成天天進行慢跑的習慣。 ④I have discovered that it ________ ________ ________. 我發現那讓他們感到高興。 ⑤The teacher raised his voice so that he could ________ ________ ________. 老師提高了嗓音以便于被別人聽到。 答案：①makes it possible for us to use ②make it possible to travel ③make it a rule ④makes them happy ⑤make himself heard 基礎知識鞏固 Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars 必修三 第一部分 基礎知識聚焦 考點探究演練 2 基礎知識鞏固 3 課時規范訓練 4 基礎知識晨記 1 基礎知識晨記 Ⅰ.單詞速記 A．快速識記 1．________ n．衛星 2．________ n．氣候 3．__________ n．宇宙飛船 4．________ n．引力；重力 5．___________ n．氣氛；大氣層 6．________ n．宗教→________ adj.宗教的 7．________ n．生物→________ n．生物學家 8．________ n．物理→________ n．物理學家 9．__________ n．天文學→__________ n．天文學家 satellite climate spaceship gravity atmosphere religion religious
biology
biologist
physics
physicist
astronomy
astronomer
10．________ adv.因此；于是→ (同義詞)___________________________ 11．________ vi.存在；生存→________ n．生存；存在 12．________ n．& vt.拉；拖→(反義詞)________ n．& vt.推 13．________ prep.不像；不同→(反義詞)________ prep.像 14．________ n．地球；球體→________ adj.環球的；全球的 15．________ adj.猛烈的；激烈的；強暴的→________ n．暴力 thus
therefore/consequently/hence
exist
existence
pull
push
unlike
like
globe
global
violent
violence
16．________ n．系統；體系；制度→___________ adj.系統的；有系統的 17．________ adj.有害的→________ n．損害；傷害→(反義詞)________ adj.無害的 18．________ n．理論；學說→__________ adj.理論上的；理論的→____________ adv.理論上 19．________ n．謎；難題
v．(使)迷惑→________ adj.令人困惑的→________ adj.困惑的 20．____________ adj.基本的；基礎的→____________ adv.根本上；從根本上→___________________ n．基礎；根本 system
systematic
harmful
harm
harmless
theory
theoretical
theoretically
puzzle
puzzling
puzzled
fundamental
fundamentally
fundament/foundation
B．歸類巧記 1．與“太空”有關的高頻單詞集錦 ①astronomy n． 天文學 ②astronomer n.
天文學家 ③astronaut n.
宇航員 ④gravity n.
萬有引力 ⑤satellite n.
衛星 ⑥planet n.
行星 ⑦orbit n.
軌道
⑧spaceship n.
宇宙飛船 ⑨universe n.
宇宙 ⑩launch vt.
發射 ?explore vt.
探索；勘探 ?solar adj.
太陽的 ?shuttle n.
航天飛機 ?globe n.
地球；球體
2．表示“性格良好”的形容詞薈萃 ①gentle
溫和的 ②easy-going
隨和的 ③outgoing
外向的 ④frank
直率的 ⑤generous
慷慨的 ⑥upright
正直的 3．un-前綴高頻形容詞全接觸 ①like→unlike
不像的 ②able→unable
不能……的 ③acceptable→unacceptable
不能接受的 ④believable→unbelievable
不可相信的 ⑤certain→uncertain
不確定的 ⑥clear→unclear
不清楚的 ⑦comfortable→uncomfortable
不舒服的 ⑧fair→unfair
不公平的 Ⅱ.高頻短語 1．及時_______________________________ 2．下蛋_______________________________ 3．生；分娩_______________________________ 4．輪到某人；接著_______________________________ 5．阻止某人做某事_______________________________ 6．擋住_______________________________ 7．感到高興；振作_______________________________ 8．既然_______________________________ 9．爆發_______________________________ 10．密切注視；當心；提防_______________________ in time
lay eggs
give birth to
in one's turn
prevent sb.from doing sth.
block out
cheer up
now that
break out
watch out (for)
11．熟悉；掌握；理解____________________________ 12．對……有害_______________________________ 13．太陽系_______________________________ 14．二氧化碳_______________________________ 15．將要做_______________________________ 16．允許某人做某事_______________________________ 17．對……感到驚訝_______________________________ 18．在……的氛圍中_______________________________ 19．奠定基礎_______________________________ 20．一連串的_______________________________ get the hang of
be harmful to/do harm to
solar system
carbon dioxide
be to do
allow sb.to do sth.
be amazed at
in the atmosphere of
lay the foundation
a chain of
Ⅲ.佳句填空 1．________ was not immediately obvious that water was to be fundamental ________ the development of life. 水會對生命的發展起關鍵作用，這一點在當時并不太明顯。 2．What it was ________(become) was uncertain ________ between 4.5 and 3.8 billion years ago ________ the dust settled into a solid globe. 它會變成什么，當時還沒有人知道，直到38至45億年前，這團塵埃才慢慢地形成一個固體的球體。 3．What is even ________(important) is that as the earth cooled down, water began to appear on
________ surface. 更為重要的是，地球冷卻了下來，地球的表面就開始出現了水。 4．So ________ life will continue on the earth for millions of years ________(come) will depend on whether this problem can ________(solve)． 所以，在未來的數百萬年中，生命能否在地球上延續取決于這個問題能否得到解決。
5．I cheered up immediately and ________(float) weightlessly around in our spaceship cabin ________(watch) the earth become smaller and the moon ________(large)． 我立刻高興起來，由于失重，我在太空艙里飄來飄去，我望著(身后的)地球越來越小，而(前方的)月球越來越大。 答案：1.It; to 2.to become; until; when 3.more important; its 4.whether; to come; be solved 5.floated; watching; larger
Ⅳ.語法過關 主語從句 1．________ he considered a great proposal was turned down by the boss at the meeting. 答案：What 考查主語從句。句意：他認為很好的一個提議在會議上被老板否定了。空處引導主語從句，在從句中作賓語，不指人，故填what。
2．________ is known to all is that the Diaoyu Islands have belonged to China since ancient times. 答案：What 考查名詞性從句。句意：釣魚島自古就屬于中國，這是大家都知道的。what引導的是主語從句，并在主語從句中作主語。
3．—What has made John look like lacking sleep? —________ he had to prepare for the coming exam and stayed up last night. 答案：That 考查名詞性從句。分析句子結構可知，答語是回答上面句子中的主語“What”的，故此句是一個主語從句，缺少引導詞，而引導詞在從句中不充當成分，故用“That”。
4．It remains to be seen ________ this plan is practical enough to keep the project going. 答案：whether 考查主語從句。句意：這個計劃是否足夠實用，以使這個項目繼續下去還有待觀察。it是形式主語，真正的主語是whether引導的從句。whether“是否”，符合句意。 5．It makes his life quite different ________ he has received higher education abroad. 答案：that 考查主語從句。本句中的it是形式主語，真正的主語是“that he has received higher education abroad”。
