2024版高考英語(yǔ)北師大版《名師伴你行》一輪復(fù)習(xí)語(yǔ)法練習(xí)：專題7 定語(yǔ)從句（含解析）

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　　Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空

　　1．(2024·天津高考)The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere________his employees enjoy their work.

　　2. Amy is the only one of the teachers________knows the secret clearly.

　　3．(2024·成都二診)There are times________you have to act from the heart and have your own principles.

　　4．(2024·呼和浩特二調(diào))To the Egyptians，green was a color________represented the hope and joy of spring.

　　5. He intends to visit the old temple with me，the restoring of________has taken less than two years.

　　6．(2024·哈爾濱六中二模)The holiday allowed people to have a day or two out now and then，________gave them a taste for leisure and seaside.

　　7．I have come around to explain the reason________I was absent from the meeting.

　　8．(2024·蘇錫常鎮(zhèn)二調(diào))This course is based on a project，one of________aims is to improve the students' comprehensive ability in English.

　　9．(2024·海淀期末)Many firefighters________ tried to rescue the people in the building were injured in the fire.

　　10．(2024·杭州二檢)My

　　grandpa，________is often the case with old people，is fond of talking about the good old days.

　　答案：1.where　解析：考查where引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。句意：公司老板正在盡力營(yíng)造一個(gè)讓員工們快樂(lè)工作的輕松氛圍。先行詞是atmosphere，定語(yǔ)從句中缺少地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，故用關(guān)系副詞where。

　　2．who/that　解析：考查定語(yǔ)從句。the only one of the teachers是先行詞，且指人，定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞應(yīng)用who或that。

　　3．when　解析：考查when引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，先行詞為“times”，空處引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句且在定語(yǔ)從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，所以用關(guān)系副詞when。

　　4．that/which　解析：考查定語(yǔ)從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，先行詞是a color，空處引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句且在從句中作主語(yǔ)，故填that或which。

　　5．which　解析：考查which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。句意：他打算和我一起參觀古廟，古廟的翻修花了不到兩年時(shí)間。此處先行詞temple與restoring為所屬關(guān)系，意思是“古廟的翻修”，根據(jù)空前的of可知，應(yīng)填which。

　　6．which　解析：考查非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，應(yīng)用which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，在從句中作主語(yǔ)，指代其前整個(gè)句子，故填which。

　　7．why　解析：考查定語(yǔ)從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，先行詞為the reason，且定語(yǔ)從句中缺少狀語(yǔ)，故用關(guān)系副詞why引導(dǎo)，表原因。

　　8．whose　解析：考查whose引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞a project，且在定語(yǔ)從句中作定語(yǔ)修飾aims，故應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞whose。

　　9．who　解析：考查who引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。句意：很多盡力營(yíng)救大樓中(被困)人員的消防員在大火中受傷了。空格處引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞為“firefighters”，指人，且在從句中作主語(yǔ)，因此應(yīng)用who引導(dǎo)。

　　10. as　解析：考查as引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。句意：正如老年人那樣，我爺爺喜歡談?wù)撨^(guò)去美好的時(shí)光。as is often the case with是固定句式，表示“與……的情況一樣”，as是關(guān)系代詞，引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾整個(gè)主句。

　　Ⅱ.單句改錯(cuò)

　　1．(2024·四川高考)The books on the desk，which covers are shiny，are prizes for us.________

　　2．(2024·石家莊二檢)The little girl，whom was not little anymore,

　　left home and went into the world.________

　　3．When you get stressed, one of the first things which happen is that blood pressure rises.________

　　4．Mrs White is a teacher with rich teaching experience, from who much can be learned.________

　　5．(2024·西寧一檢)It is important to fly our dreams，especially for those when are senior high school students.________

　　答案：1.which→whose　2.whom→who　3.which→that　4.who→whom　5.when→who

　　Ⅲ.語(yǔ)法填空

　　Your body，which has close relations with the food you eat，is the most important thing you own, so 1.________needs proper treatment and nourishment. The old saying“An apple a day keeps the doctor 2.________”is not as silly as some people think. The body needs fruit and vegetables because they contain vitamin C．Most people take extra vitamins in pill form,3.________(believe) that this will make them 4.________(health). But a good diet is made up of nourishing foods and this gives all the vitamins you need. The body doesn't need or use extra vitamins，so 5.________waste money on them?

　　In the modern 6.________(west) world, many people are too busy to bother about eating properly. They think that they have not enough time to cook. And some people regard cooking 7.________a waste of time. So they throw anything into their stomachs，eating 8.________(hurry) and carelessly. Usually they come to the fast－food restaurants to eat unhealthy foods，causing many 9.________(ill)．The list of diseases caused or made worse by bad eating habits 10.________(be) frightening.

　　答案：解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)：人的身體和所吃的食物有很密切的聯(lián)系，但是在現(xiàn)代社會(huì)人們不注意飲食，不良的飲食習(xí)慣引起的疾病是驚人的。

　　1．it　解析：考查代詞。it指代上文中的Your body。

　　2．a(chǎn)way　解析：考查副詞。keep...away“不讓接近……，使離開(kāi)……”，這里指“不用去看醫(yī)生”。

　　3．believing　解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。people與believe之間存在邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，故用動(dòng)詞－ing形式作伴隨狀語(yǔ)。故填believing。

　　4．healthy　解析：考查形容詞。形容詞healthy作make的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。

　　5．why　解析：考查特殊疑問(wèn)詞。身體里不需要額外的維生素，那么為什么在這上面花錢呢？此處詢問(wèn)原因，故填why。

　　6．western　解析：考查形容詞。此處表示“在現(xiàn)代西方世界”，應(yīng)用形容詞修飾名詞。

　　7．a(chǎn)s　解析：考查介詞。regard...as為固定搭配，表示“將……認(rèn)為”。

　　8．hurriedly　解析：考查副詞。修飾eating，且和carelessly并列，故填副詞hurriedly。

　　9．illnesses　解析：考查名詞。根據(jù)空前的many可知，此處應(yīng)填名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。

　　10．is　解析：考查主謂一致和動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。主語(yǔ)為單數(shù)The list of diseases，且根據(jù)上文時(shí)態(tài)可知，應(yīng)填is。