2024版高考英語北師大版《名師伴你行》一輪復習課時作業：16《Stories》（含解析）
課時作業(十六) Stories
A卷
Ⅰ.單句語法填空
1．That plane crash ________(occurrence)only minutes after take-off.
2．I'll try my best to get my work________(finish)as soon as possible.
3．People find all sorts of excuses for________(abandon)an animal.
4．We were late.When we arrived，the show________(start)．
5．There was nothing in the letter of___(particularly)importance.
6．It was reserved for him to make the______(admire)discovery.
7．After the guard________(inspect)the bag，he________(hand)it back to Mark.
8．A close friendship________(gradual)grew up between them.
9．We were very surprised at his________(normal)behavior.
10．My bike is broken.I'll have it________(repair)．
11．There was nothing left of the town.The earthquake of the previous year________(destroy)it completely.
答案：
1．occurred 2.finished 3.abandoning 4.had started
5．particular 6.admirable 7.had inspected；handed
8．gradually 9.abnormal 10.repaired 11.had destroyed
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．He spent seven days in the wind and snow，________(又冷又餓)．
2．She stood at the gate ________________(似乎在等人)．
3．It was the second time that he ________________(受懲罰)because he drove after drinking.
4．_____________(既然這是最后一次機會)you should catch it.
5．People cheered up__________________(當屠呦呦一出現)．
答案：
1．cold and hungry 2.as if (she were) waiting for someone 3.had been punished 4.Now (that) this is the last chance 5.the instant Tu Youyou appeared
Ⅲ.閱讀理解
A
(2024·大慶教學質量檢測)According to the UN Intergovernmental Panel(專家咨詢組)on Climate Change，global temperatures have risen by approximately 0.6℃ in the past century，caused mainly by emissions of greenhouse gases produced by human activities，such as the burning of fossil fuels and deforestation.Temperatures are to increase between 1.6 ℃ and 5.8 ℃ in the next century，accompanied by sea level rise and an increase in the frequency of extreme weather events.
The best available evidence suggests that climate changes since the 1970s may already be causing over 150,000 deaths annually，and that greenhouse gas emissions would increase disease burdens in the coming decades.The risks are concentrated in the poorest population，who have contributed least to the problem.
The Kyoto Protocol(京都議定書)is signed by 128 nations，and commits the participating industrialized countries to cutting emissions of greenhouse gases by over 5% below 1990 level by the period of 2008-2024.
“Over 600 thousand people died in weather-related disasters in the 1990s.Temperature and rainfall influence the rates of diseases and infections including malaria，and malnutrition，which together cause over 3.5 million deaths a year.The Kyoto Protocol is the first step towards protecting the climate system，which exerts such a strong influence on our health”，said Dr Kerstin Leitner，Assistant Director General for Sustainable Development and Healthy Environments.
While acting to reduce greenhouse gas emissions，it is also essential to protect vulnerable(脆弱的)communities from the effects of climate changes.WHO works to promote measures such as protection from malaria and other climate sensitive diseases，and reliable access to clean water and sanitation，for people in the most vulnerable developing countries.Increasing disease control efforts will also help to protect current and future generations from the impacts of greenhouse gas emissions.
1. According to the passage，what is the reason for the rise of global temperatures?
A．The burning of fossil fuels.
B．The rise of sea level.
C．Extreme weather disasters.
D．The emissions of greenhouse gases.
2. Which of the following is true?
A．Weather-related disasters caused over 3.5 million deaths.
B．The climate system has a deep impact on human health.
C．The members of the Kyoto Protocol are all industrialized countries.
D．The poorest population are to blame because they contribute least to the problem.
3. In order to protect communities，WHO takes some measures except________.
A．preventing diseases caused by climate changes
B．helping to provide clean water
C．aiding to offer sanitation
D．gaining access to vulnerable developing countries
4. What does the passage mainly talk about?
A．Climate changes and the effects on human health.
B．Climate changes cause over 15,000 deaths annually.
C．WHO promotes measures such as protection from malaria.
D．The Kyoto Protocol helps to protect human health.
答案：
解題導語：這是一篇關于氣候變化的文章。人類的某些行為導致的氣候變化會危害人類自身，我們要采取必要的措施來拯救我們自己。
1．D 解析：細節理解題。根據第一段中的“global temperatures have risen...emissions of greenhouse gases”可知，D項正確。A項是產生溫室氣體的行為之一，故可排除。
2．B 解析：細節理解題。A項與文章第四段中的“Over 600 thousand people died in weather－related disasters...which together cause over 3.5 million deaths a year”不符；C項意為“京都議定書”成員國都是工業化的國家，與文章第三段的內容不符；D項與文章第二段的最后一句話不符。根據第四段中的“The Kyoto Protocol. . . on our health”可知選B項。
3．D 解析：細節理解題。根據最后一段中的“such as protection ...sanitation”和“Increasing disease control efforts”可知A、B、C三項正確。由“for people in the most vulnerable developing countries”可知，D項錯誤。
4．A 解析：主旨大意題。根據文章內容可知，B、C、D項均是文中某一方面的內容，比較片面，A項最能概括文章大意。
B
(2024·銀川高三質檢)A campaign is being launched to encourage children to give up 30 minutes of screen time a day to head for the great outdoors to experience the wonders of the wilderness.
The newly formed Wild Network—a cooperation of nearly 400 organizations—is attempting to attract youngsters away from television and computer screen and into fields，woods and parks.Organizers say it is the UK's biggest ever campaign to reconnect children with nature and outdoor play，and claim it could help improve fitness，mental alertness and general happiness.
A documentary film，Project Wild Thing，will be a sign of the launch at more than 50 cinemas across the UK from Friday.It looks at the increasingly weak link between children and nature.
Members of the network include the National Trust，RSPB，Play England and the NHS sustainable development unit.Andy Simpson，chairman of the Wild Network，said，“The tragic truth is that kids have lost touch with nature and the outdoors in just one generation.Time spent outdoors is down，roaming ranges have fallen drastically，activity levels are declining and the ability to identify common species has been lost.”
Suggestions of how to get more time in nature include collecting conkers，camping or snail racing，and observing autumn color on trees.
From January，the network will aim to make suggestions to politicians on how the government can do more to get children muddy and bright-eyed.
This is not the first time the message of less screen but more play has been brought up.Children in the 1980s were entreated to do the same by the BBC TV series Why Don't You，which somewhat confusingly called on its viewers to“switch off your TV set，and go to do something less boring instead.”
5．What is the purpose of the campaign?
A．To reconnect children to play together.
B．To get children back enjoying the great outdoors.
C．To encourage children to head for computer screen.
D．To attract youngsters to watch TV for outdoor information.
6．How can children get more time in nature according to the passage?
A．By surfing the Internet.
B．By collecting stamps.
C．By going to the cinema.
D．By doing snail running.
7．“Less screen but more play”was first put forward by________.
A．Wild Network
B．The BBC TV
C．The National Trust
D．Play England
8．What can we infer from the passage?
A．The government will play an important role.
B．Children have already been close to nature.
C．Politicians have controlled the campaign.
D．TV viewers will turn away from television.
答案：
解題導語：本文是一篇說明文。講述了一項活動的發起，即讓孩子遠離電視和電腦屏幕，去享受戶外活動。
5．B 解析：細節理解題。根據第一段的內容可知，發起這項活動是為了鼓勵孩子們每天減少三十分鐘的看電視時間而去戶外體驗大自然的奇觀。故選B項。
6．D 解析：細節理解題。根據倒數第三段“Suggestions of how ... on trees.”可知，建議孩子們去大自然中收集七葉樹果實，宿營或者玩蝸牛競速游戲，或者去觀察樹木秋天時的顏色。這些都是孩子們可以在大自然中玩的活動。
7．B 解析：細節理解題。根據最后一段中的“This is...Why Don't You...”可知，這個想法最先是在20世紀80年代由the BBC TV提出的。故選B項。
8．A 解析：推理判斷題。根據倒數第二段的內容可知，從一月份開始，網絡將主要向政客們建議關于政府如何做得更多來使得孩子們去戶外玩耍。由此可推知，政府在這件事上也將起到重要的作用。故選A項。
.書面表達
(2024·蘭州高三實戰考試)生活中我們都需要朋友，我們該結交怎樣的朋友，不同的人有不同的看法。請認真閱讀下面的引語(quotation)，按要求用英語寫一篇短文。
A true friend is a source of strength and hope.
—Jonathan Lockwood Huie
內容要求：
1．你對該引語的理解；
2．你的相關經歷；
3．恰當的結尾。
注意：1.短文開頭已給出，不計入總詞數；
2．文中不能出現考生的具體信息；
3．詞數100左右。
This quotation from Jonathan Lockwood Huie tells us that
答案：
This_quotation_from_Jonathan_Lockwood_Huie_tells_us_that real friends can give us strength and hope when we are in trouble and real friends can benefit from each other. We need such friends who can point out our mistakes directly and who have the same life goals as us. Once I failed again and again in my math and lost interest in it，it was my best friend who encouraged me not to give up and offered help in time. With his kind and selfless help，I gradually caught up with others.
So I say we need friends but what we most need is a friend that can enrich our life.
B卷
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
(2024·唐山高三一模)The spread of Western eating habits around the world is bad for human health and the environment.These findings come from a new report in the journal Nature.
David Tilman，a professor of ecology at the University of Minnesota，America，examined information from 100 countries to identify what people ate and how a diet affected health.He noted a movement beginning in the 1960s.He found that as nations industrialized(工業化)，population increased and earnings rose，more people began to adopt what has been called the Western diet.
The Western diet is high in sugar，fat，oil and meat.By eating these foods，people began to get fatter and sicker.David Tilman says overweight people are at greater risk for non-infectious diseases like diabetes(糖尿病)and heart disease.
Unfortunately when people become industrialized，if they adopt this Western diet，they are going to have these health problems，especially in developing countries in Asia.China is an example where the number of diabetes cases has been jumping from less than one percent to 10 percent of the population as they began to industrialize over a 20-year period.And that is happening all across the world，in Mexico，in Nigeria and so on.
And，a diet bad for human beings，is also bad for the environment.As the world's population grows，more forests and tropical(熱帶的)areas will become farmlands for crops or grasslands for cattle.We are likely to have more greenhouse gas in the future from agriculture than that coming out of all forms of transportation right now.
Mr Tilman calls the link between the diet，the environment and human health，“a trilemma”—a problem offering a difficult choice.He says one possible solution is leaving the Western diet behind.
1．According to the passage，more greenhouse gas might be given off in the future from ________.
A．transportation
B．developing countries
C．agriculture
D．developed countries
2．David Tilman believes that ________.
A．the diet，the environment and human health are closely connected
B．the Western diet is the only choice as the nation industrializes
C．people in tropical areas are more likely to have heart disease
D．traditional diets are more balanced than the Western diet
3．We can infer from the passage that ________.
A．Nigeria has the largest number of diabetes cases
B．overweight people are at higher risk of infectious diseases
C．the examined information comes from developing countries
D．industrialization contributes to the spread of the Western diet
4．The main purpose of the passage is to ________.
A．call on us to protect the environment
B．warn us of the danger of the Western diet
C．remind us of the importance of health
D．advise us to have a balanced diet
答案：
解題導語：《自然》雜志上一篇新的報告表示，西方飲食對人的健康和環境有不良影響，人們應警惕西方飲食帶來的危害。
1．C 解析：細節理解題。根據倒數第二段的最后一句“We are likely to have more greenhouse gas in the future from agriculture than that coming out of all forms of transportation right now”可知，未來更多的溫室氣體排放可能來自于農業，故選擇C項。
2．A 解析：推理判斷題。根據最后一段的第一句“Mr Tilman calls the link between the diet，the environment and human health...a difficult choice.”可知，Tilman先生把日常飲食、環境和人的健康之間的聯系稱為三難困境。由此可知，它們三個是緊密相關的，故選擇A項。
3．D 解析：推理判斷題。根據第二段的最后一句“He found that as nations industrialized(工業化)，population increased and earnings rose，more people began to adopt what has been called the Western diet”可推知，工業化、人口增長和收入增加造成了西方飲食的傳播，故D項正確。
