2024屆高考英語一輪復習語法備考：名詞性從句（含解析）

　　名詞性從句考點

　　◆典型陷阱題分析◆

　　1. She was so angry and spoke so fast that none of us understood _______ he said meant.

　　A. that B. what

　　C. that that D. what what

　　【陷阱】可能誤選B。許多同學一看選項首先就排除了C和D，認為這樣兩個“引導詞”疊用的情況不太可能。在A和B兩個選項中，選項A肯定不行，因為它引導賓語從句時不能充當句子成分，所以便選擇了B。

　　【分析】正確答案選 D。第一個what 用作動詞 meant 的賓語，第二個what 用作動詞 said 的賓語，即在 none of us understood what what he said meant 中，none of us understood 為主句，what what he said meant 為賓語從句，而在此賓語從句中又包括有 what he said 這樣一個主語從句。

　　2. After _______ had happened he could not continue to work there.

　　A. which B. how

　　C. what D. having

　　【陷阱】可能誤選A。

　　【分析】最佳答案選 C。有的同學誤選A，是因為認為介詞后應接關系代詞 which，但實際上，若填關系代詞，其前沒有先行詞，這根據不是一個定語從句。另外，由于 had happened 缺主語，所以B和D也不能選。請再做下面一題(答案選B)：

　　He pointed to ______ looked like a tomb and said, “Ghost.”

　　A. that B. what

　　C. which D. as

　　3．“Is ______ you want to say?” asked the teacher.

　　A. this B. that

　　C. all that D. that all

　　【陷阱】根據中文字面意思誤選A或B。

　　【分析】最佳答案選 D。假若選A或B，那么轉換成陳述句即為：This is you want to say. / That is you want to say. 顯然句中的兩個謂語動詞 is與want相沖突。選D組成的句子是 Is that all you want to say? 其中的that 為句子主語，all 為表語，you want to say 為定語從句，用以修飾all。

　　4. “When ______ leave for Japan?” “When ______ leave for Japan is kept secret.”

　　A. they will, will they B. will they, they will

　　C. they will, they will D. will they, will they

　　【陷阱】可能誤選D，認為 when 后應用疑問句詞序。

　　【分析】最佳答案選 B。第一個when引出的是一個特殊疑問句，故用疑問詞序；第二個 when 引出的是主語從句，故其后用陳述句詞序。請做以下試題(答案選C)：

　　(1) None knows if _______ that boy, but if _______ him, her parents will be disappointed.

　　A. she will marry, she will marry B. she marries, she marries

　　C. she will marry, she marries D. she marries, she will marry

　　(2) “Where _______ go to work?” “Where _______ go to work is not known.”

　　A. we shall, we shall B. shall we, shall we

　　C. shall we, we shall D. we shall, shall we

　　5. Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see ______.

　　A. who is he B. who he is

　　C. who is it D. who it is

　　【陷阱】幾個干擾項均有可能誤選。

　　【分析】此題最佳答案為D。首先可以排除A和C，因為空格處實為一個賓語從句，所以不能用疑問句詞序。另一方面，但按英語習慣，當用于指代身份不明的人時，要用代詞it，而不用 he 或she等。比較以下兩句：

　　Mr Smith is at the door. He wants to see you. 史密斯先生在門口，他想見你。

　　Someone is at the door. It may be the postman. 有個人在門口，可能是郵遞員。

　　第一句因前面指明了是 Mr Smith，所以后面用代詞 he；而第二句因前面用的是不定代詞 someone，說明此人身份尚不明確，故其后用了代詞 it 來指代。

　　6. Don’t you know, my dear friend, ______ it is your money not you that she loves?

　　A. who B. which

　　C. that D. what

　　【陷阱】此題容易誤選 A或B：選 A 的同學認為這是指人的，故用who；選B的同學認為這是非限制性定語從句，兩者都是誤認為這是定語從句(注意沒有先行詞)。

　　【分析】其實答案應選C。that引導的是一個賓語從句，用作動詞 know 的賓語，它只是被句中的插入語 my dear friend 隔開罷了。請做以下試題(答案均為C)：

　　(1) Everyone knows, perhaps except you, _______ your girl-friend is a cheat.

　　A. who B. which

　　C. that D. what

　　(2) I think, though I could be mistaken, ______ she liked me.

　　A. who B. which

　　C. that D. what

　　(3) He told me the news, believe it or not, ______ he had earned $1 000 in a single day.

　　A. that B. which

　　C. as D. because

　　前面兩題 that 引導賓語從句，后面一題 that同位語從句(修飾the news)。

　　◆精編陷阱題訓練◆

　　1. They lost their way in the forest, and _______ made matters worse was that night began to fall.

　　A. it B. which

　　C. that D. what

　　2. Patience is a kind of quality — and that is ___A___ it takes to do anything well.

　　A. what B. which

　　C. which D. how

　　3. It has come to my notice _______ some of you have missed classes.

　　A. what B. which

　　C. that D. when

　　4. “What were you trying to prove to the police?”

　　“___ I was last night.”

　　A. That B. When

　　C. Where D. What

　　5. Country life gives him peace and quiet, which is ______ he can’t enjoy while living in big cities.

　　A. that B. why

　　C. where D. what

　　6. It is pretty well understood _______ controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmosphere today.

　　A. that B. when

　　C. what D. how

　　7. _______ she couldn’t understand was ______ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons.

　　A. What; why B. That; what

　　C. What; because D. Why; that

　　8. _______ we are doing has never been done before.

　　A. That B. What

　　C. Which D. Whether

　　9. People have heard _______ the President has said; they are waiting to see _______ he will do.

　　A. how, how B. what, what

　　C. when, how D. that, what

　　10. When you answer questions in a job interview, please remember the golden rule: Always give the monkey exactly _______ he wants.

　　A. what B. which

　　C. when D. that

　　11. These wild flowers are so special I would do _______ I can to save them.

　　A. whatever B. that

　　C. which D. whichever

　　12. _______ she was invited to the ball made her very happy.

　　A. What B. That

　　C. When D. Because

　　13. Eat ______ cake you like and leave the others for ______ comes in late.

　　A. any, who B. every, whoever

　　C. whichever, whoever D. either, whoever

　　14. I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella. _______ I got wet through.

　　A. It’s the reason B. That’s why

　　C. There’s why D. That’s because

　　15. ____ has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.

　　A. Who B. The one

　　C. Anyone D. Whoever

　　16. _______ medicine works in a human body is a question _______ not everyone can understand fully.

　　A. How; that B. That; which

　　C. That; which D. What; that

　　【答案與解析】

　　1. 選D。what made matters worse 是主語從句(注意其后有謂語動詞was)，相當于 the thing that made matters worse。

　　2. 選A。what 引導的是表語從句，相當于 the thing that it takes to do anything well。

　　3. 選C。that 引導的是一個主語從句，句首的it為形式主語。

　　4. 選 C。答句為省略句， I was trying to prove to the police where I was last night， where 引導的是一個賓語從句。類似地，下面選 C：

　　“_______ made her struggle to become an artist so hard?” “______ she was a woman.”

　　A. What, What B. That, That

　　C. What, That D. That, What

　　5. 選D。what 引導的是表語從句，what 在此相當于 the things that。

　　6.

　　C。句首的 it 是形式主語，該that 引導名詞性從句時不能充當句子成分 A。第一空填 what，是因為該 understand 缺賓語；why 和 because 均可引導表語從句，其區別是： why 引導表語從句強調，because 引導表語從句強調， why。

　　8. B。what 在此， the thing that。

　　9. what，均用于引導賓語從句，因為兩個said 和

　　10. 選 A。what 引導

　　11. 選 A。I can to save them 為 I can do to save them 之略，此句中的 do ，故選 whatever

　　12. 選 B。that 在此引導主語從句，無詞義，也不充當句子成分。注意不要根據中文意思選 D，因為 because 不用于引導主語從句。

　　13. 選 B比較 That’s why… 與 That’s because…：前者用于強調，

　　I got wet all through. _______ I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella.

　　A. It’s the reason B. That’s why

　　C. There’s why D. That’s because

　　15. 選 D is worth praising 這一謂語可知前面是主語從句， B 項和 C 項；whoever “任何……的人”， anyone who。

　　16. 選 A。how 引導主語從句，that 引導同位語從句。

　　名詞性從句考點

　　◆典型陷阱題分析◆

　　1. She was so angry and spoke so fast that none of us understood _______ he said meant.

　　A. that B. what

　　C. that that D. what what

　　【陷阱】可能誤選B。許多同學一看選項首先就排除了C和D，認為這樣兩個“引導詞”疊用的情況不太可能。在A和B兩個選項中，選項A肯定不行，因為它引導賓語從句時不能充當句子成分，所以便選擇了B。

　　【分析】正確答案選 D。第一個what 用作動詞 meant 的賓語，第二個what 用作動詞 said 的賓語，即在 none of us understood what what he said meant 中，none of us understood 為主句，what what he said meant 為賓語從句，而在此賓語從句中又包括有 what he said 這樣一個主語從句。

　　2. After _______ had happened he could not continue to work there.

　　A. which B. how

　　C. what D. having

　　【陷阱】可能誤選A。

　　【分析】最佳答案選 C。有的同學誤選A，是因為認為介詞后應接關系代詞 which，但實際上，若填關系代詞，其前沒有先行詞，這根據不是一個定語從句。另外，由于 had happened 缺主語，所以B和D也不能選。請再做下面一題(答案選B)：

　　He pointed to ______ looked like a tomb and said, “Ghost.”

　　A. that B. what

　　C. which D. as

　　3．“Is ______ you want to say?” asked the teacher.

　　A. this B. that

　　C. all that D. that all

　　【陷阱】根據中文字面意思誤選A或B。

　　【分析】最佳答案選 D。假若選A或B，那么轉換成陳述句即為：This is you want to say. / That is you want to say. 顯然句中的兩個謂語動詞 is與want相沖突。選D組成的句子是 Is that all you want to say? 其中的that 為句子主語，all 為表語，you want to say 為定語從句，用以修飾all。

　　4. “When ______ leave for Japan?” “When ______ leave for Japan is kept secret.”

　　A. they will, will they B. will they, they will

　　C. they will, they will D. will they, will they

　　【陷阱】可能誤選D，認為 when 后應用疑問句詞序。

　　【分析】最佳答案選 B。第一個when引出的是一個特殊疑問句，故用疑問詞序；第二個 when 引出的是主語從句，故其后用陳述句詞序。請做以下試題(答案選C)：

　　(1) None knows if _______ that boy, but if _______ him, her parents will be disappointed.

　　A. she will marry, she will marry B. she marries, she marries

　　C. she will marry, she marries D. she marries, she will marry

　　(2) “Where _______ go to work?” “Where _______ go to work is not known.”

　　A. we shall, we shall B. shall we, shall we

　　C. shall we, we shall D. we shall, shall we

　　5. Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see ______.

　　A. who is he B. who he is

　　C. who is it D. who it is

　　【陷阱】幾個干擾項均有可能誤選。

　　【分析】此題最佳答案為D。首先可以排除A和C，因為空格處實為一個賓語從句，所以不能用疑問句詞序。另一方面，但按英語習慣，當用于指代身份不明的人時，要用代詞it，而不用 he 或she等。比較以下兩句：

　　Mr Smith is at the door. He wants to see you. 史密斯先生在門口，他想見你。

　　Someone is at the door. It may be the postman. 有個人在門口，可能是郵遞員。

　　第一句因前面指明了是 Mr Smith，所以后面用代詞 he；而第二句因前面用的是不定代詞 someone，說明此人身份尚不明確，故其后用了代詞 it 來指代。

　　6. Don’t you know, my dear friend, ______ it is your money not you that she loves?

　　A. who B. which

　　C. that D. what

　　【陷阱】此題容易誤選 A或B：選 A 的同學認為這是指人的，故用who；選B的同學認為這是非限制性定語從句，兩者都是誤認為這是定語從句(注意沒有先行詞)。

　　【分析】其實答案應選C。that引導的是一個賓語從句，用作動詞 know 的賓語，它只是被句中的插入語 my dear friend 隔開罷了。請做以下試題(答案均為C)：

　　(1) Everyone knows, perhaps except you, _______ your girl-friend is a cheat.

　　A. who B. which

　　C. that D. what

　　(2) I think, though I could be mistaken, ______ she liked me.

　　A. who B. which

　　C. that D. what

　　(3) He told me the news, believe it or not, ______ he had earned $1 000 in a single day.

　　A. that B. which

　　C. as D. because

　　前面兩題 that 引導賓語從句，后面一題 that同位語從句(修飾the news)。

　　◆精編陷阱題訓練◆

　　1. They lost their way in the forest, and _______ made matters worse was that night began to fall.

　　A. it B. which

　　C. that D. what

　　2. Patience is a kind of quality — and that is ___A___ it takes to do anything well.

　　A. what B. which

　　C. which D. how

　　3. It has come to my notice _______ some of you have missed classes.

　　A. what B. which

　　C. that D. when

　　4. “What were you trying to prove to the police?”

　　“___ I was last night.”

　　A. That B. When

　　C. Where D. What

　　5. Country life gives him peace and quiet, which is ______ he can’t enjoy while living in big cities.

　　A. that B. why

　　C. where D. what

　　6. It is pretty well understood _______ controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmosphere today.

　　A. that B. when

　　C. what D. how

　　7. _______ she couldn’t understand was ______ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons.

　　A. What; why B. That; what

　　C. What; because D. Why; that

　　8. _______ we are doing has never been done before.

　　A. That B. What

　　C. Which D. Whether

　　9. People have heard _______ the President has said; they are waiting to see _______ he will do.

　　A. how, how B. what, what

　　C. when, how D. that, what

　　10. When you answer questions in a job interview, please remember the golden rule: Always give the monkey exactly _______ he wants.

　　A. what B. which

　　C. when D. that

　　11. These wild flowers are so special I would do _______ I can to save them.

　　A. whatever B. that

　　C. which D. whichever

　　12. _______ she was invited to the ball made her very happy.

　　A. What B. That

　　C. When D. Because

　　13. Eat ______ cake you like and leave the others for ______ comes in late.

　　A. any, who B. every, whoever

　　C. whichever, whoever D. either, whoever

　　14. I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella. _______ I got wet through.

　　A. It’s the reason B. That’s why

　　C. There’s why D. That’s because

　　15. ____ has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.

　　A. Who B. The one

　　C. Anyone D. Whoever

　　16. _______ medicine works in a human body is a question _______ not everyone can understand fully.

　　A. How; that B. That; which

　　C. That; which D. What; that

　　【答案與解析】

　　1. 選D。what made matters worse 是主語從句(注意其后有謂語動詞was)，相當于 the thing that made matters worse。

　　2. 選A。what 引導的是表語從句，相當于 the thing that it takes to do anything well。

　　3. 選C。that 引導的是一個主語從句，句首的it為形式主語。

　　4. 選 C。答句為省略句， I was trying to prove to the police where I was last night， where 引導的是一個賓語從句。類似地，下面選 C：

　　“_______ made her struggle to become an artist so hard?” “______ she was a woman.”

　　A. What, What B. That, That

　　C. What, That D. That, What

　　5. 選D。what 引導的是表語從句，what 在此相當于 the things that。

　　6.

　　C。句首的 it 是形式主語，該that 引導名詞性從句時不能充當句子成分 A。第一空填 what，是因為該 understand 缺賓語；why 和 because 均可引導表語從句，其區別是： why 引導表語從句強調，because 引導表語從句強調， why。

　　8. B。what 在此， the thing that。

　　9. what，均用于引導賓語從句，因為兩個said 和

　　10. 選 A。what 引導

　　11. 選 A。I can to save them 為 I can do to save them 之略，此句中的 do ，故選 whatever

　　12. 選 B。that 在此引導主語從句，無詞義，也不充當句子成分。注意不要根據中文意思選 D，因為 because 不用于引導主語從句。

　　13. 選 B比較 That’s why… 與 That’s because…：前者用于強調，

　　I got wet all through. _______ I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella.

　　A. It’s the reason B. That’s why

　　C. There’s why D. That’s because

　　15. 選 D is worth praising 這一謂語可知前面是主語從句， B 項和 C 項；whoever “任何……的人”， anyone who。

　　16. 選 A。how 引導主語從句，that 引導同位語從句。