2024江蘇《奪冠之路》高三英語【牛津譯林版】一輪復習精品學案：Module1 Unit 2 Growing pains
Unit 2 Growing pains【1】辨析suggest, advise, request, order
(1) suggest與advise都是動詞“建議”，它們后面的賓語從句都用虛擬語氣(should＋v.), should可以省略。advise sb. to do sth.表示“建議某人做某事”，advise不能用suggest替換，但可以說suggest sb./one's doing sth.。
I advise that he (should) go at once.
我建議他馬上動身。
I suggested going in my car.
我建議坐我的車去。
(2) request, order等動詞后接的賓語從句中，也常用“should ＋ 動詞原形”作謂語，should可省略。
They ordered that for every tree cut down two more be planted.
他們要求每砍伐一棵就要補栽兩棵樹。
(3) It is suggested/advised/ordered/requested＋從句，此時從句也常用“should ＋ 動詞原形”作謂語，should可省略。
It was ordered that the army be sent to the front.
部隊接到命令，他們立即要被派往前線。
名詞suggestion, advice, order, request等后接同位語從句或這些詞在表語從句中作主語時，從句也用“should ＋ 動詞原形”作謂語，should可省略。
He agreed with my suggestion that we should change the date.
他同意我提出的更改日期的建議。
【注意】若suggest作“暗示，表明”，insist作“堅持認為”講時，后面的賓語從句不用虛擬語氣。
①He ________________ to stay at home and have a good rest.
他建議我們待在家里并好好休息。
②The professor suggested that parents ____________ their children every day when they stepped into the college.
教授建議父母不要在孩子進入大學后每天給他們打電話。
③The smile on his face suggested that he ____________ (be) happy to meet her again.
①advised us
②(should) not phone
③was
【2】 explain vt. 解釋，說明
explain sth. to sb./explain to sb. sth. 向某人解釋某事
explain that 從句
Will you please explain the third paragraph again to us?
請您把第三段再給我們解釋一下好嗎？
I explain that an ambulance would be coming soon.
我解釋說救護車很快就到。
explain yourself 為自己的行為作解釋
I really don't see why I should have to explain myself to you.
我真不明白我為什么非要向你解釋我的行為不可。
explanation n. 解釋，說明
the explanation for sth. 對某事的解釋
①對初學者解釋這個問題很難。
________________________________________________________________________
②Alex解釋說他的汽車出了毛病。
________________________________________________________________________
③我想不出他缺席的任何理由。
________________________________________________________________________
①It was difficult to explain the problem to beginners.
②Alex explained that his car had broken down.
③I can't think of any possible explanation for his absence.
【3】 charge n. 費用；價錢，v. 要求收費；索價；將(電池)充電；指控，控告
The fruit seller charged me too much money.
這個水果商賺了我太多的錢。
Does your car battery charge easily?
你那輛汽車的蓄電池容易充電嗎？
charge sb. with 指控某人；賦予某人職責(或任務)
in/take/have charge (of) 控制(局面、組織、人群)；掌管，負責(主語一般是人，是主動的)
in/under the charge of 在……的掌管下/由……照看(相當于in one's charge, 邏輯主語是被動的)
①— Who is in ______charge of the factory?
— It is in ______ charge of my brother.
A. the；/
B. the; the
C．/；/
D．/; the
②She was complaining that the seller was ______ too much for the coat.
A. spending
B. offering
C. costing
D. charging
①D
②D
【4】 deserve v. 值得，應受的
deserve＋n./to do 值得(做)……
deserve doing/to be done… ……值得被做
deserve to be punished/punishment 應該被罰
Good work deserves good pay.
良好的工作表現應該得到豐厚的報酬。
He certainly deserves to be sent to prison if he continues to do it.
如果他再繼續這樣做的話，的確應該被送去坐牢。
Nobody thinks he ______ our help so we won't give him any hand.
A. deserves
B. worth
C. deserve
D. worths
A deserve 值得，為動詞；worth 值得的，為形容詞。
【5】
spare vt. 節約，省出；adj. 多余的，剩下的；空閑的
Do you have any spare change for the phone?
你有零錢打電話嗎？
Could you spare me five pounds?
你能給我5英鎊嗎？
We had an hour to spare so we looked round the shops.
還有1個小時的剩余時間，所以我們逛商店。
spare no efforts/pains 不遺余力
spare one‘s life/spare sb. his life 饒某人一命
in one's spare time 在某人的業余時間
Let Harry play with your toys as well, Clare — you must learn to ______.
A. support
B. care
C. spare
D. share
D learn to share 學會分享。
【6】 forbid vt. (forbade, forbidden) 禁止，不許
forbid doing sth. 禁止做某事(不能說forbid to do)
forbid sb. to do sth. 禁止某人做某事
It's forbidden to do sth. 做某事是禁止的。
the Forbidden City 紫禁城
My parents forbid me to stay the night out.
我父母不準我在外面過夜。
You are all forbidden to leave.
你們都不準離開。
Mary wanted to travel around the world all by herself, but her parents did not ______ her to do so.
A. forbid
B. allow
C. follow
D. ask
B forbid禁止；allow允許；follow跟著，跟隨；ask sb. to do sth.要求某人做某事。
【7】 argument n. 爭論；辯論
The students had a long argument with their teachers about their uniforms.
學生們就他們校服的事和老師進行了很長時間的辯論。
argue v. 爭論；爭辯
argue with sb. about/over sth. 與某人為某事爭論
He argued with the taxi driver about the fare.
他與出租車司機為票價爭論起來。
argue＋ that 主張，認為
She argued that our attempt would be a waste of time.
她認為我們的努力將會是浪費時間。
argue for/against 贊成/反對
He argued for the five－day workweek.
他贊成一周上5天班。
argue sb. into / out of… 說服某人做/不做某事
We argued him out of going on such a dangerous journey.
我們說服他不繼續這樣危險的旅程。
①我們和服務員就賬單發生了爭吵。
________________________________________________________________________
②他認為他們需要更多的時間來完成項目。
________________________________________________________________________
③他們說服他撤回了投訴。(argue into)
________________________________________________________________________
①We had an argument with the waiter about the bill.
②He argued that they needed more time to finish the project.
③They argued him into withdrawing his complaint.
【1】 be supposed to do 按照義務、規則、規律或約定“理應，應該”
He is supposed to arrive before 6 o'clock.
他應該6點之前到。
be supposed to do常表示“本應該發生(而實際并未發生)”，有時也可使用“be supposed to have done”，相當于should have done。
He is supposed to have arrived by now.
此刻他應該到了。
(1)以suppose開頭的句子表示“如何，怎么樣”，用來提出建議。
Suppose we hold an English evening?
我們舉辦一場英語晚會怎么樣？
(2)supposing/suppose ＝ if 倘若，假使，可引導條件狀語從句。
Supposing/Suppose your friends knew it, what would they think?
倘若你的朋友們知道這件事，他們會作何感想？
(3)連鎖問句
What do you suppose you will do after school?
你放學后想做什么？
— Why did you go to the wrong office?
— Well, I forgot which room I was ______ to go to.
A. demanded
B. hoped
C. supposed
D. suggested
C be supposed to do…意為“應該做……/被認為做……”；demand語氣太重；hope后不能接雙賓語，即不能說hope sb. to do sth.；而suggest只能是suggest sb. doing…建議某人做……
【2】辨析do with, deal with
do with (sb./sth.) 處置； deal with 處理；打交道；涉及，當表示“怎樣處置……”時，do with用what提問，deal with用how提問。
How to deal with the waste from the factory is a serious problem.
怎樣處理這家工廠的垃圾是一個嚴重的問題。
What did you do with my umbrella?
你把我的傘怎么了？
deal with 還可以表示“論及，涉及，與……打交道”。
This book dealt with the ancient history of Rome.
這本書論及羅馬的古代史。
do with 還可以表示：
(1) 以……將就，以……對付過去(與助動詞連用，不可用被動語態)
Butter is so expensive that we had to do with margarine in those days.
那時候，奶油非常貴，所以我們都已人造黃油來將就。
(2) 忍受(與cannot連用；不可用被動語態)
If there's something I can't do with, it's untidiness.
如果說有什么東西我無法忍受的話，那就是不整潔。
— ______ have you done ______ my table?
— I have thrown it away.
A. What; with
B. How; with
C. What; for
D. How; for
A 用do with 表示“怎樣處置……”， 用what提問。
【3】 remind…of 提醒；使想起
I want to remind you of the rules for school parties.
關于學校晚會，有幾個規定我想提醒你們。
rob sb. of sth. 搶某人東西
cure sb. of sth. 治愈某人疾病
inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某事
accuse sb. of sth. 譴責某人做某事
remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事
remind sb. that/what 從句 “提醒某人某事”或“使某人想起某事”。
They reminded me that they had promised to buy me a car.
他們使我想到，他們承諾過給我買一輛車。
This reminded us what we should do.
這提醒我們該做什么。
①當我們離開時，請提醒我關掉空調。
_____________________________________________
②這股氣味使我想起了法國。
_____________________________________________
③地址若有變動請隨時通知我們。
_____________________________________________
④He got a letter from his mother, which ______ him of his home.
A. remembered
B. forgot
C. thought
D. reminded
①Please remind me to turn off the air conditioner when we leave.
②That smell reminds me of France.
③Please inform us of any changes of address.
④D 根據句意和賓語him后的of his home，只有動詞remind符合。
【4】insist on / upon (doing) sth. 堅持做某事
She insisted on not telling me her telephone number.
她堅持不告訴我她的電話號碼。
The scientist insisted on an exact figure.
這位科學家堅持要得到一個精確的數字。
insist有兩個含義，其用法也不同：
(1)作“堅持要；一定要”講時，后面的從句用虛擬語氣，即“should＋動詞原形”，其中should可省略。
They insisted that we (should) begin the work at once.
他們堅持要我們立刻開始工作。
(2)作“堅持說；堅持認為”講時，后面的從句不用虛擬語氣，用陳述語氣，該用什么時態就用什么時態。
He insisted that he had put the file back in the case.
他堅持說他已經把文件放回到盒子里了。
He has always insisted on his ______ Dr Turner instead of Mr Turner.
A. been called
B. called
C. having called
D. being called
D 句意：他總是堅持要別人叫他Turner醫生而不是Turner先生。insist on后接名詞或動名詞。
【1】 Eric runs in after it, followed by a big dog, walking very slowly.
埃里克跟在后邊跑了進來，身后跟著一只狗慢慢地走著。
followed by…為過去分詞短語作伴隨狀語，表示被動含義。若現在分詞作伴隨狀語，則表示主動或進行的概念。
The boy spent the night, locked in the room.
這個男孩被鎖在房間里度過了一整夜。
He sat in the corner of the room, crying sadly.
他坐在房間的角落里傷心地哭著。
【2】 The room is a mess, with pizza boxes on the floor and dirty dishes in the sink.
房間一片混亂，地上四處是比薩盒子，水池里堆著沒洗的盤子。
此句中with pizza boxes on the floor and dirty dishes in the sink用的是with的復合結構，這里是“with＋名詞＋介詞短語”的形式。
