2024屆高考英語一輪復習課件：必修1 Unit 1《Friendship》（新人教版福建專用）

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　　什么叫主謂一致寫出括號中動詞的適當形式 1. Attitude __________(decide) everything. 態度決定一切。 2. Opinions about whether to go into details about the issue______(vary) from person to person.

　　關于是否深入調查問題的細節這個問題，觀點因人而異。 decides vary

　　句子中謂語動詞和主語在人稱和數上的統一性叫主謂一致。 2

　　能否將主謂一致理解為“主語是復數形式則謂語用復數，主語是單數形式則謂語用單數”？翻譯下列句子，標出句中的主語和謂語動詞 1. 書籍是人類的好朋友。 2. 一個流浪漢躺在公園的長凳上，雙手抖個不停。 3. 許多抽煙者把醫生的忠告當耳邊風。 4. 當時1000英鎊是一大筆錢。 5. 羊主要吃草。 2

　　能否將主謂一致理解為“主語是復數形式則謂語用復數，主語是單數形式則謂語用單數”？翻譯下列句子，標出句中的主語和謂語動詞

　　1. Book are good friends to man.

　　2. A homeless man was lying on the bench in the park,

　　with both his hands trembling. 主謂主謂答案 2

　　能否將主謂一致理解為“主語是復數形式則謂語用復數，主語是單數形式則謂語用單數”？翻譯下列句子，標出句中的主語和謂語動詞

　　3. Many a smoker turns a deaf ear to the doctor's advice.

　　4. One thousand pounds was quite a big sum of money

　　at that time. 主謂主謂答案 2

　　能否將主謂一致理解為“主語是復數形式則謂語用復數，主語是單數形式則謂語用單數”？翻譯下列句子，標出句中的主語和謂語動詞 5. Sheep feed on grass. 主謂答案

　　主語是復數形式，謂語不一定用復數(如例句4)；主語是單數形式謂語也不一定用單數(如例句5)。

　　觀察每組句子中謂語動詞單復數形式與主語的關系，嘗試找出其中的規律 1. (1) Birds of a feather flock together. 物以類聚。

　　(2) Every dog has his day. 人人皆有得意時。 2. (1) The wounded need medicine and food.

　　傷員們需要藥品和食物。

　　(2) The wounded is his cousin.

　　那個傷員是他的表弟。 3 主謂一致有什么原則？

　　觀察每組句子中謂語動詞單復數形式與主語的關系，嘗試找出其中的規律

　　3. (1) Not

　　only

　　Beijing

　　but

　　also

　　other

　　cities

　　China

　　have taken on a new look.

　　不僅北京而且中國其他城市的面貌也煥然一新。

　　(2) Not human resources but the system counts.

　　不是人力資源而是制度起決定作用。 3 主謂一致有什么原則？

　　觀察每組句子中謂語動詞單復數形式與主語的關系，嘗試找出其中的規律

　　4. (1) English

　　well

　　other

　　languages

　　has

　　its

　　own

　　rules.

　　同其他語言一樣，英語也有其自身特點。

　　(2) There

　　only one teacher and twenty-six students

　　in this remote school.

　　這所偏遠的學校有一個老師和26個學生。 3 主謂一致有什么原則？

　　主謂一致原則有：

　　1. 語法一致原則。即主語為單數形式，謂語動詞用單數形式。主語為復數形式，謂語動詞用復數形式(如例句1)。

　　2. 意義一致原則。即謂語動詞的單復數形式由主語表達的實際意義決定。同樣形式的主語含義不同時，謂語單復數形式有變化(如例句2)。

　　主謂一致原則有：

　　3. 就近原則。即謂語動詞的單復數形式由靠近謂語動詞的名詞確定(如例句3)。

　　4. 承前原則。即謂語動詞的單復數形式由遠離謂語動詞的名詞確定(如例句4) 4 謂語動詞單復數形式怎樣確定？完成下列句子，注意謂語動詞的形式 1. The problem ________ (need) further discussion and we'll discuss it next Wednesday. 2. All the employees in this joint venture ____________ (pay) by the job. 3. Since all _____ (be) ready and all of us _______ (be) here, let's begin our meeting. needs are /were paid is are 4 謂語動詞單復數形式怎樣確定？完成下列句子，注意謂語動詞的形式 4. The doctor and teacher ________ (speak) good English thanks to having lived abroad for years. 5. Growing vegetables _____ (need) constant watering. 6. To be a pilot _______ (be) his dream.　 7. When he will be set free from the prison ________ (remain) a big problem. speaks needs

　　is/was remains 4 謂語動詞單復數形式怎樣確定？完成下列句子，注意謂語動詞的形式 8. Neither the hostess nor her children______ (like) hot food, so please don‘t add pepper. 9. Look! The mother cat with all her babies__________ (run) after a mouse. 10. Each book and each dictionary here_____________ (publish) by BNUP last year. like are running was published 4 謂語動詞單復數形式怎樣確定？完成下列句子，注意謂語動詞的形式 11. Many a visitor ________ (have) such an experience so far. 12. More than one person___________ (charge) with theft the other day. 13. One and a half buildings __________ (burn) in the big fire last night. has had was charged

　　was burnt 4 謂語動詞單復數形式怎樣確定？完成下列句子，注意謂語動詞的形式 14. His family ____ (be) very large. 15. Gone ____ (be) the days when teachers were looked down upon. 16. There __________ (be) no reply from the company in charge up to now. is are has been

　　1．謂語動詞的單復數形式一般是根據主謂一致的原則來確定：

　　①主謂一致遵守的“就近原則”句型中，謂語動詞的單復數形式由靠近謂語動詞的名詞確定。此類句式有：Neither A nor B…/Either A or B… / Whether A or B… /Not only A but also B … /A or B… /Not A but B …/There be A and B。謂語動詞的單復數形式由靠近謂語動詞的名詞B確定。

　　②主謂一致遵守的“承前原則”句型中，謂語動詞的單復數形式由遠離謂語動詞的名詞確定。此類句式有：A with B…/A along with B…/A together with B…/ A as well as B…/A including B…/A except/(but) B…謂語動詞的單復數形式由遠離謂語動詞的名詞A確定。

　　③all, some, the rest of…分數/百分數等作主語，謂語動詞的單復數根據實際意義確定。all指物，表示“一切”時，謂語用單數，指人時謂語用復數。

　　④集合名詞作主語強調整體，謂語用單數。強調成員，謂語用復數。如： My family were watching TV when the electricity was cut off。

　　⑤There be 的主語在后面，謂語的單復數與主語一致。

　　2．確定謂語動詞的單復數形式還有以下幾種情況：

　　①不可數名詞作主語，謂語用單數形式。

　　②and連接的兩個名詞表達同一概念，謂語用單數形式。這類名詞如 knife and fork(刀叉)；bread and butter(黃油面包), horse and cart(馬車)等。

　　③動名詞短語作主語，謂語通常用單數形式。

　　④不定式短語作主語，謂語通常用單數形式。

　　⑤從句作主語，謂語通常用單數形式。

　　⑥當every A and every B/each A and each B/ no A and no B/ many a A and many a B作主語時，謂語用單數。

　　⑦Many a ＋單數名詞作主語，謂語用單數。

　　⑧More than one ＋單數名詞作主語，謂語用單數。

　　⑨One and a half ＋復數名詞作主語，謂語用單數。

　　⑩表語前置，主語在后，謂語單復數與主語一致。 * * * ⑩ get along with

　　用get的相關短語填空 (1)Don't ________ the bus until it has stopped. (2)The story has ______， and everyone knows about it. (3)When I ______ with the report, I'll go to the cinema. (4)After a delicious meal the two men ______

　　business.

　　(5)Don't always _____ a word when others are speaking. 答案

　　(1)get off　

　　(2)got around/about　 (3)get through　

　　(4)got down to　

　　(5)get in ⑩ get along with

　　用get的相關短語填空 (6)It took me a long time to _______ such an unpleasant experience. (7)Did your speech __________ the crowd? (8)How's your son __________ his English? (9)Have you __________ the book you lent him? (10)Farmers are busy ________ crops in the fields now. 答案

　　(6)get over

　　(7)get across to　 (8)get along with　

　　(9)got back

　　(10) getting in ? exactly adv.

　　根據語境猜詞義 (1)You must tell us exactly what you would like to do.

　　(2)Well, what did she say exactly? (3)It happened exactly as you described it.

　　(4)— We need a drink.

　　— Exactly! Let's have one. (5)We are not exactly driving fast. ? exactly adv.

　　根據語義找匹配 A．確切地；準確地　 B．正是，不錯，(用于答語)表示完全同意　C．到底；完全　 D．正是；就是(意思接近just) E．not exactly 并不真的；不完全如此答案

　　(1)A　 (2)C 　(3)D　 (4)B 　(5)E ? exactly adv. 鏈接 exact adj.

　　確切的；精確的 ? exactly adv.

　　單項填空 (1) — People should stop using their cars and start using public transport.

　　— ______. The roads are too crowded as it is.

　　A. Exactly

　　B. All right

　　C. Go ahead

　　D. Fine 解析

　　句意：——人們應該不使用轎車開始乘坐公交車。——確實如此。 all right 好的； go ahead 請吧。 A ? exactly adv.

　　單項填空 (2) — Does your brother like playing football?

　　— ________. He seldom watches football match.

　　A. Not exactly

　　B. Not really

　　C. Not sure

　　D. Not again 解析

　　not really 不是，不全是。 B

　　? While walking the dog, you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car. (P1)

　　遛狗時，你太粗心，狗扣松了而被車撞了。 While walking the dog是一種省略，我們把它稱之為“連接詞＋非謂語動詞”。在表示時間、地點、條件、方式、讓步等的狀語從句中，如果謂語動詞是be，主語又和主句的主語一致，或者主語是it，那么常常把從句中的主語和謂語的be動詞省略。根據現代語法理論，其非謂語動詞的選擇不受連接詞的限定，而是根據主語與其關系，即：主動用v.-ing形式；被動用v.-ed形式；如果非謂語動詞后有介詞能構成 “be ＋過去分詞＋介詞”句式的，就用v.-ed形式。鏈接

　　名詞性從句、定語從句、狀語從句結合非謂語動詞的省略形式：名詞性從句的省略形式：連接代、副詞＋不定式。定語從句的省略形式：介詞＋關系代詞＋不定式。狀語從句的省略形式：從屬連詞＋分詞(主要是過去分詞)。

　　I don't know what I can do next. ＝ I don't know what to do next.

　　The farmer built a small wooden case in which he could store grains. ＝ The farmer built a small wooden case in which to store grains.

　　I broke my leg while I was playing football with my classmates yesterday afternoon. ＝ I broke my leg while playing football with my classmates yesterday afternoon.

　　單項填空 (1) I won't go to the party unless______.

　　A. invited

　　B. inviting

　　C. to invite

　　D. invite 解析

　　考查“連接詞＋非謂語動詞”的用法。invite與主語I是被動關系，用過去分詞，所以答案是A。 A (2) Every evening after dinner, if not _____ from work, I will spend some time walking my dog.

　　A. being tired

　　B. tiring

　　C. tired

　　D. to be tired C 解析

　　考查“連接詞＋非謂語動詞”的用法。因非謂語動詞后有介詞能構成 “be ＋tired＋from”句式，用過去分詞，所以答案是C。

　　單項填空

　　單項填空 (3)Frank's dream was to have his own shop ______ the workings of his own hands.

　　A. that to produce

　　B. in which to produce

　　C. by which to produce

　　D. how to produce B ? …one evening when it was so warm, I stayed awake on purpose until half past eleven in order to have a good look at the moon by myself. (P2)

　　在某個溫馨之夜，為了能一個人好好地看看月亮，我故意不睡直到11：30。

　　in order to 所表達的是目的狀語，表示“為了……”之意。其否定式是in order not to do sth.，既可放在句首，又可放在句中。

　　In order to catch up with his classmates as soon as possible, he works even harder.

　　為了能盡快趕上同學，他學習更加刻苦了。

　　He set out early in the morning in order not to miss the early bus.

　　為了不錯過早班車，他一大早就動身了。鏈接 (1) in order that 與so that 引導的是目的狀語從句，在現代英語中，in order that 與so that沒有太大的區別，但so that還可以引導結果狀語從句。

　　He spoke at the top of his voice at the meeting in order that/so that everyone present could hear him. (目的狀語從句)

　　他在會上用最大的聲音講著以便所有在場的人都能聽到。鏈接 (1) in order that 與so that 引導的是目的狀語從句，在現代英語中，in order that 與so that沒有太大的區別，但so that還可以引導結果狀語從句。

　　He spoke at the top of his voice at the meeting, so that everyone present heard him. (結果狀語從句)

　　他在會上用最大的聲音講著結果所有在場的人都聽到了。根據括號中的漢語提示完成下列句子 (1)We must make the polluted water clean _________ (為了不使河流受到污染)． (2) We work hard_________(為了能通過入學考試)．答案

　　(1) in order that it doesn't make the river polluted (2) in order to pass the entrance exam/in order that we can pass the entrance exam 鏈接 (2)in order that與in order to do sth. 的關系當主從復合句中的前后主語一致時，我們才可以使用in order to do sth. 句式，如題(2)；否則必須使用主從復合句，如題(1)。辨析

　　In order to / To keep up with his classmates, he studies hard.

　　He studies hard in order not to / so as not to fall behind.

　　so…as to只表示結果，表示“到某種程度以至于……”，否定形式為so…as not to。so后面接形容詞或副詞。

　　運用以上短語完成下面的情景

　　After a day's hardworking, we went to bed early. We were (3)____ tired (4)______ fall asleep as soon as our heads touch the pillows. (5)_________ finish the construction in time, we made up our minds to work 12 hours a day, which is (6)____ tough a job(7)_____ we felt it hard to hold on. Our boss employed another 2 workers yesterday, (8)________ we could have a better rest. so as to In order to so that so that 答案

　　in order to do sth.是表示目的的萬能句式，它既能放到句首，又能放在句尾，還能構成否定式，所以使用它是最沒問題的。

　　你知道當in order to do sth./ so as to do sth. /to do sth. 結構同時出現在選項中，選哪個最保險嗎？在書面表達中，表示目的我們用哪個最不出錯誤呢？

　　?I didn't go downstairs until the window had to

　　be shut. (P2)

　　我一直等到非關窗不可的時候才下樓去。 (1) until既是介詞又是連接詞 I'll wait for him until midnight. (介詞) I'll wait for him until he comes back. (連接詞) (2)主句是否定句的運用(注意句意變化) We discussed it until the manager came.

　　我們一直討論到經理來。 We didn't discuss it until the manager came.

　　直到經理來我們才討論。 We didn't stop working until the manager came.

　　直到經理來我們才停止工作。

　　當until意為“直到……才”時，主句就要用否定句，而不是依據主句的動詞是否是延續性動詞。當主句是延續性動詞時，主句用肯定句，其意思是：主句的動作一直延續到從句動詞所發生的動作為止；而使用否定句時，則表示從句的動作發生時，主句的動作才開始發生。

　　(3)until后的時態問題

　　由于until引導的是時間狀語從句，所以它的一般將來時用一般現在時代替；過去將來時用一般過去時代替；將來完成時用現在完成時代替。