談獨特玩笑
2023復習正是強化復習階段，在考研英語中占了40分，所以考研英語閱讀是英語科目中重要的一項。名師老師曾建議過考研生需要堅持每天泛讀10-15分鐘的英文原刊。強烈推薦了雜志《經濟學人》.雜志中的文章也是考研英語的主要材料來源.希望考研考生認真閱讀，快速提高考研英語閱讀水平。 Telling jokes 談獨特玩笑 Have you heard the one 你有沒有聽過 Groucho Marx liked a good one Groucho Marx喜歡聽精彩的 No Joke: Making Jewish Humour.By Ruth Wisse. 不許說笑：猶太式的玩笑 THIS sharp and thoughtful study presents a reviewer with an unusual challenge: whichjoke do you quote? One cannot tell them all, both because space forbids it and because someof them replicate, in order to mock and render harmless, noxious Jewish stereotypes. 尖銳而又內涵的研究將一個不尋常的挑戰放在讀者面前：這句玩笑你引自何處?人們通常說不出所有之乎者也來，一方面是篇幅限制，另一方面是很多玩笑是照葫蘆畫瓢的，用以嘲諷和帶惡意的或沒有惡意的猶太人的固有看法。 The most telling joke is one that Ruth Wisse, professor of Yiddish literature at Harvard,attributes to Immanuel Olsvanger, a folklorist who was born in Poland in 1888 and whocollected Yiddish humour. Here it is, paraphrased. When you tell a joke to a peasant, helaughs three times: once when you tell it, next when you explain it to him and finally when heunderstands it. The landowner laughs twice: once when you tell it and again when you explainit. The policeman laughs only when you tell it, because he does not let you explain it and sonever understands. When you tell a Jew a joke he says, I ve heard it before. And I can tell itbetter. 有個講的最多的笑話是 哈佛希伯來語文學教授Ruth Wisse屬于Immanuel Olsvanger ，后者是個搜集希伯來語笑話的民俗學家，于1888年出生于波蘭。這里只是轉述一下。跟農民講笑話他會大笑三次，第一次是你給他講的時候，第二次是你向他解釋的時候，最后一次是當他終于聽懂的時候。地主會笑兩次：你講的時候還有聽你解釋的時候。而警察只會在聽你講時候笑一笑，他不會讓你解釋所以他也不會聽懂。但當你跟一個猶太人講笑話時，他會跟你說噢，這我以前就聽過，我可以講的更好。 His joke hinges not just on Jews fondness for humour, but also on Jewish verbal dexterity,competitiveness and anxiety over social status. But, as Ms Wisse explains, the Jewishreputation for humour is neither universal nor ancient. The connection began with theEnlightenment, but even in the late 19th century London s chief rabbi felt obliged to defendJews against charges of humourlessness. Jews in Arab countries do not seem to have had thelaughing gene, but in the Yiddish-speaking worldand in America and Israel, where many, ifnot most, Jews descend from Yiddish speakersthe connection between humour and Jews isso strong as to be almost axiomatic. Ms Wisse sees it as similar to French cuisine orTurkish baths. 他的玩笑不拘泥于猶太式的幽默，更有猶太人的巧舌如簧，和在社會地位上猶太人的競爭力與焦慮感。但Wisse教授解釋說，猶太人的幽默感，名聲在外，說既不是被普遍接受的也不是有史可溯的。這種形象起源于啟蒙時期，但19世紀末的倫敦的猶太教大法師都感到有必要反駁猶太人無幽默感的說法阿拉伯世界的猶太人也不像有笑神經的人，但在希伯來語世界以及美國和以色列，很多猶太人，如果不是絕大多數，猶太人與幽默的聯結在希伯來語世界中強大得如同與生俱來,不言自明的一樣。Wisse教授把這種怪圈比作法國烹飪或者土耳其浴一樣。 To her credit, Ms Wisse offers no general theory of Jewish humour in her book, preferringdescription and textual analysis, at which she excels, to psycho-historical puffery. Yetcertain traits persist across temporal and geographic boundaries. Jewish humour tends,paradoxically, to provoke both relief and discomfort, as with Heinrich Heine s sharpsend-ups of Jewish converts in early 19th-century Germany. Much of it tends towards theabsurd: consider the inspiring lunacy of Lenny Bruce, the dark surrealism of Franz Kafkaor the comparatively light version that imbues the short fiction of Etgar Keret, an Israeliwriter. 出于她信譽的原因，Wisse并沒有在書中做出猶太式笑話的概括性的論述，而是在她擅長的歷史心理學吹贊方面做了些描述以及逐字逐句的分析。但在一定時間、地理范圍內是有確切依據的。猶太式幽默常常是似是而非的，帶來輕松或者抒發不悅，就像19世紀初德國的Heinrich Heine對猶太人尖酸嘲諷改變了一樣。很多猶太人都偏荒誕：比如鼓舞人心的瘋子Lenny Bruce，暗黑超現實主義的Franz Kafka又或者相比之下程度較輕的以色列短片科幻小說作家Etgar Keret。 Jewish humour also rests on a closeness but separateness from the societies in which Jewslivedparticularly Yiddish-speaking Jews in Europeand on paradoxes. A culture forged inthe ancient East that developed in the modern West, and a theology founded in divineelection whose adherents have been targeted for genocidesuch incongruities tickle themodern Jewish imagination, explains Ms Wisse. In other words, it is much better to havedefiant, life-affirming laughter than tears and lamentation. 猶太式幽默同樣依存于一個與他們生活的社會分離的，私密的環境以及種種悖論。Wisse教授解釋說，一個由古老東方孕育在現代西方發展的，他們的神學體系建立在曾經歷過大屠殺的后代的牧師選舉制之上的文明-諸如此類的不協調啟發著當代猶太人的想象力。也就是反抗著總是好的，生命賦予我們比淚水和哀鳴更多的歡笑。 詞語解釋 1.in order to 為了 They buy patents in order to sue infringers. 他們購買專利的目的就是為了起訴專利侵權者。 Why does my iphone need so much data in order toassist it in finding my location today? 為什么iPhone需要如此多的數據以幫助定位我的當前位置? 2.attribute to 歸結于 The band explored in a variety of sonic directions, something they attribute to eno sencouragement. 樂隊探索了眾多音樂方向，他們將這歸功于制作人eno的鼓勵。 Debasement of the coinage was unable to force commercial practice to attribute to the newand lighter coins the same purchasing power as the old and heavier coins. 降低貨幣的成色不無法迫使商業活動，像接受較重的舊幣一樣，接受較輕新幣，認為它們有同樣的購買力。 3.oblige to 對感謝 Not oblige to their wishes. 不能強迫他們的愿望。 Please don t oblige me to reinstall all again. 請不要迫使我重新安裝所有的一次。 4.in other words 換句話說;就是說 In other words, amazon is huge. 換句話說，亞馬遜非常龐大。 In other words, he says they are not offering what the consumers want. 他的意思，換言之就是這些日本企業沒有提供消費者想要的產品。
2023復習正是強化復習階段，在考研英語中占了40分，所以考研英語閱讀是英語科目中重要的一項。名師老師曾建議過考研生需要堅持每天泛讀10-15分鐘的英文原刊。強烈推薦了雜志《經濟學人》.雜志中的文章也是考研英語的主要材料來源.希望考研考生認真閱讀，快速提高考研英語閱讀水平。 Telling jokes 談獨特玩笑 Have you heard the one 你有沒有聽過 Groucho Marx liked a good one Groucho Marx喜歡聽精彩的 No Joke: Making Jewish Humour.By Ruth Wisse. 不許說笑：猶太式的玩笑 THIS sharp and thoughtful study presents a reviewer with an unusual challenge: whichjoke do you quote? One cannot tell them all, both because space forbids it and because someof them replicate, in order to mock and render harmless, noxious Jewish stereotypes. 尖銳而又內涵的研究將一個不尋常的挑戰放在讀者面前：這句玩笑你引自何處?人們通常說不出所有之乎者也來，一方面是篇幅限制，另一方面是很多玩笑是照葫蘆畫瓢的，用以嘲諷和帶惡意的或沒有惡意的猶太人的固有看法。 The most telling joke is one that Ruth Wisse, professor of Yiddish literature at Harvard,attributes to Immanuel Olsvanger, a folklorist who was born in Poland in 1888 and whocollected Yiddish humour. Here it is, paraphrased. When you tell a joke to a peasant, helaughs three times: once when you tell it, next when you explain it to him and finally when heunderstands it. The landowner laughs twice: once when you tell it and again when you explainit. The policeman laughs only when you tell it, because he does not let you explain it and sonever understands. When you tell a Jew a joke he says, I ve heard it before. And I can tell itbetter. 有個講的最多的笑話是 哈佛希伯來語文學教授Ruth Wisse屬于Immanuel Olsvanger ，后者是個搜集希伯來語笑話的民俗學家，于1888年出生于波蘭。這里只是轉述一下。跟農民講笑話他會大笑三次，第一次是你給他講的時候，第二次是你向他解釋的時候，最后一次是當他終于聽懂的時候。地主會笑兩次：你講的時候還有聽你解釋的時候。而警察只會在聽你講時候笑一笑，他不會讓你解釋所以他也不會聽懂。但當你跟一個猶太人講笑話時，他會跟你說噢，這我以前就聽過，我可以講的更好。 His joke hinges not just on Jews fondness for humour, but also on Jewish verbal dexterity,competitiveness and anxiety over social status. But, as Ms Wisse explains, the Jewishreputation for humour is neither universal nor ancient. The connection began with theEnlightenment, but even in the late 19th century London s chief rabbi felt obliged to defendJews against charges of humourlessness. Jews in Arab countries do not seem to have had thelaughing gene, but in the Yiddish-speaking worldand in America and Israel, where many, ifnot most, Jews descend from Yiddish speakersthe connection between humour and Jews isso strong as to be almost axiomatic. Ms Wisse sees it as similar to French cuisine orTurkish baths. 他的玩笑不拘泥于猶太式的幽默，更有猶太人的巧舌如簧，和在社會地位上猶太人的競爭力與焦慮感。但Wisse教授解釋說，猶太人的幽默感，名聲在外，說既不是被普遍接受的也不是有史可溯的。這種形象起源于啟蒙時期，但19世紀末的倫敦的猶太教大法師都感到有必要反駁猶太人無幽默感的說法阿拉伯世界的猶太人也不像有笑神經的人，但在希伯來語世界以及美國和以色列，很多猶太人，如果不是絕大多數，猶太人與幽默的聯結在希伯來語世界中強大得如同與生俱來,不言自明的一樣。Wisse教授把這種怪圈比作法國烹飪或者土耳其浴一樣。 To her credit, Ms Wisse offers no general theory of Jewish humour in her book, preferringdescription and textual analysis, at which she excels, to psycho-historical puffery. Yetcertain traits persist across temporal and geographic boundaries. Jewish humour tends,paradoxically, to provoke both relief and discomfort, as with Heinrich Heine s sharpsend-ups of Jewish converts in early 19th-century Germany. Much of it tends towards theabsurd: consider the inspiring lunacy of Lenny Bruce, the dark surrealism of Franz Kafkaor the comparatively light version that imbues the short fiction of Etgar Keret, an Israeliwriter. 出于她信譽的原因，Wisse并沒有在書中做出猶太式笑話的概括性的論述，而是在她擅長的歷史心理學吹贊方面做了些描述以及逐字逐句的分析。但在一定時間、地理范圍內是有確切依據的。猶太式幽默常常是似是而非的，帶來輕松或者抒發不悅，就像19世紀初德國的Heinrich Heine對猶太人尖酸嘲諷改變了一樣。很多猶太人都偏荒誕：比如鼓舞人心的瘋子Lenny Bruce，暗黑超現實主義的Franz Kafka又或者相比之下程度較輕的以色列短片科幻小說作家Etgar Keret。 Jewish humour also rests on a closeness but separateness from the societies in which Jewslivedparticularly Yiddish-speaking Jews in Europeand on paradoxes. A culture forged inthe ancient East that developed in the modern West, and a theology founded in divineelection whose adherents have been targeted for genocidesuch incongruities tickle themodern Jewish imagination, explains Ms Wisse. In other words, it is much better to havedefiant, life-affirming laughter than tears and lamentation. 猶太式幽默同樣依存于一個與他們生活的社會分離的，私密的環境以及種種悖論。Wisse教授解釋說，一個由古老東方孕育在現代西方發展的，他們的神學體系建立在曾經歷過大屠殺的后代的牧師選舉制之上的文明-諸如此類的不協調啟發著當代猶太人的想象力。也就是反抗著總是好的，生命賦予我們比淚水和哀鳴更多的歡笑。 詞語解釋 1.in order to 為了 They buy patents in order to sue infringers. 他們購買專利的目的就是為了起訴專利侵權者。 Why does my iphone need so much data in order toassist it in finding my location today? 為什么iPhone需要如此多的數據以幫助定位我的當前位置? 2.attribute to 歸結于 The band explored in a variety of sonic directions, something they attribute to eno sencouragement. 樂隊探索了眾多音樂方向，他們將這歸功于制作人eno的鼓勵。 Debasement of the coinage was unable to force commercial practice to attribute to the newand lighter coins the same purchasing power as the old and heavier coins. 降低貨幣的成色不無法迫使商業活動，像接受較重的舊幣一樣，接受較輕新幣，認為它們有同樣的購買力。 3.oblige to 對感謝 Not oblige to their wishes. 不能強迫他們的愿望。 Please don t oblige me to reinstall all again. 請不要迫使我重新安裝所有的一次。 4.in other words 換句話說;就是說 In other words, amazon is huge. 換句話說，亞馬遜非常龐大。 In other words, he says they are not offering what the consumers want. 他的意思，換言之就是這些日本企業沒有提供消費者想要的產品。
