高中英語語法學習：名詞性從句的概念及分類
名詞性從句的功能相當于名詞詞組，它在復合句中能擔任主語、賓語、表語、同位語等。因此根據它在句中不同的句法功能，名詞性從句又分主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句。
引導名詞性從句的連接詞
引導名詞性從句的連接詞可分為三類：
從屬連詞： (不充當從句的任何成分)
連接代詞：what、whatever、who 、whoever、 whom 、whomever、 whose 、which、 whichever
連接副詞： 等
★不可省略的連詞：1.介詞后的連詞 2.引導主語從句和同位語從句的連詞
名詞性從句的重難點
一 、名詞性從句的語序 ( 語序)
二 、名詞性從句引導詞間的區別
1 、 whether 與 i f 的區別
whether 與if均為是否的意思。但在以下情況下，whether不能被if取代：
⑴whether引導表語從句和同位語從句時
⑵在主語從句中，若用it做形式主語，if / whether均可;否則，只用whether
Eg.Whether we will attend the meeting hasnt been decided
It hasnt been decided whether / if we will attend the meeting.
⑶引導介詞后的賓語從句時
⑷后面跟or not時
⑸后面直接跟動詞不定式時
It all depends on they will support us.
He doesnt know to stay or not.
Whether與 if均可使用的情況
⑴引導賓語從句 ⑵在be+adj.之后 He was not sure whether/if it is right or not.
2 、 what 與 that 的區別
⑴that引導名詞性從句，不在從句中充當任何成分，只起連接作用;what是連接代詞，在從句中充當成分作主語、賓語或表語。除表明具體的內容外，還表的時間、地點、人、速度等。
① made the school proud was more than 90%of the students had been admitted to key universities.
A. What; because B. What. that C. That; what D. That; because
②----I think its going to be a big problem.
----Yes, it could be.
----I wonder we can do about it.
A. if B. how C. what D. that
A modern city has been set up in was a wasteland ten years ago.
After seemed a long time, he managed to work out this problem.
⑵介詞后的賓語從句常用what引導，不用that引導。但在介詞besides,except,in后可用that引導賓語從句。由it做形式賓語時，that引導的賓語從句中，that不可省略。
①Criticism and self- Criticism is necessaryin that it helps us to correct our mistakes.
②He noticed that the straight part of the dance was different in the afternoon from it had been in the morning.
③The suit fitted him well the color was a little brighter.
A. except for B. except that C. except when D. besides
⑶what/ whatever---the + n. +that/ which (what/ whatever可作前置定語)
Please give me what books you have.
You can write about whatever topic you prefer.
3 、 wh-ever 與 no matter+ 疑問詞的區別
wh-ever既可引導名詞性從句又可引導讓步狀語從句;而no matter+ 疑問詞只可引導讓步狀語從句。
Whatever I said, he wouldnt listen to me.
= No matter what I said, he wouldnt listen to me. 從句
He would believe whatever I said. 從句
三、賓語從句的注意點
⑴否定前移 think, believe, suppose, expect, guess, imagine etc.
⑵若主語的謂語動詞是make, find, see 等，則把賓語從句置于賓補后，用it做形式主語.
The teacher made it a rule that we should get up early.
See to it that children dont catch cold.
⑵that在主語從句、表語從句和同位語從句中不可省略。在賓語從句和it做形式主語的主語從句中可省略;但當有兩個或兩個以上的賓語從句并列時，第二個從句以下的that不可省略。
She said (that) she had left school and that her parents would find her a job.
⑶固定用法：like it; dislike it; have it; appreciate it 一般與if 或 when 引導的從句連用。
I like it in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.
四、that引導同位語從句與定語從句的區別
that引導同位語從句時，that是連詞，應在某些抽象名詞之后，如：fact,hope,desire,thought等，對前面的名詞起補充說明作用，它在從句中不充當任何成分，不能省略，;that引導定語從句時，that是關系代詞，在從句中充當主、賓和表語。
The news that they had won the game arrived soon . 從句
The news that you told me yesterday is true. 從句
名詞性從句的概念及分類
名詞性從句的功能相當于名詞詞組，它在復合句中能擔任主語、賓語、表語、同位語等。因此根據它在句中不同的句法功能，名詞性從句又分主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句。
引導名詞性從句的連接詞
引導名詞性從句的連接詞可分為三類：
從屬連詞： (不充當從句的任何成分)
連接代詞：what、whatever、who 、whoever、 whom 、whomever、 whose 、which、 whichever
連接副詞： 等
★不可省略的連詞：1.介詞后的連詞 2.引導主語從句和同位語從句的連詞
名詞性從句的重難點
一 、名詞性從句的語序 ( 語序)
二 、名詞性從句引導詞間的區別
1 、 whether 與 i f 的區別
whether 與if均為是否的意思。但在以下情況下，whether不能被if取代：
⑴whether引導表語從句和同位語從句時
⑵在主語從句中，若用it做形式主語，if / whether均可;否則，只用whether
Eg.Whether we will attend the meeting hasnt been decided
It hasnt been decided whether / if we will attend the meeting.
⑶引導介詞后的賓語從句時
⑷后面跟or not時
⑸后面直接跟動詞不定式時
It all depends on they will support us.
He doesnt know to stay or not.
Whether與 if均可使用的情況
⑴引導賓語從句 ⑵在be+adj.之后 He was not sure whether/if it is right or not.
2 、 what 與 that 的區別
⑴that引導名詞性從句，不在從句中充當任何成分，只起連接作用;what是連接代詞，在從句中充當成分作主語、賓語或表語。除表明具體的內容外，還表的時間、地點、人、速度等。
① made the school proud was more than 90%of the students had been admitted to key universities.
A. What; because B. What. that C. That; what D. That; because
②----I think its going to be a big problem.
----Yes, it could be.
----I wonder we can do about it.
A. if B. how C. what D. that
名詞性從句的功能相當于名詞詞組，它在復合句中能擔任主語、賓語、表語、同位語等。因此根據它在句中不同的句法功能，名詞性從句又分主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句。
引導名詞性從句的連接詞
引導名詞性從句的連接詞可分為三類：
從屬連詞： (不充當從句的任何成分)
連接代詞：what、whatever、who 、whoever、 whom 、whomever、 whose 、which、 whichever
連接副詞： 等
★不可省略的連詞：1.介詞后的連詞 2.引導主語從句和同位語從句的連詞
名詞性從句的重難點
一 、名詞性從句的語序 ( 語序)
二 、名詞性從句引導詞間的區別
1 、 whether 與 i f 的區別
whether 與if均為是否的意思。但在以下情況下，whether不能被if取代：
⑴whether引導表語從句和同位語從句時
⑵在主語從句中，若用it做形式主語，if / whether均可;否則，只用whether
Eg.Whether we will attend the meeting hasnt been decided
It hasnt been decided whether / if we will attend the meeting.
⑶引導介詞后的賓語從句時
⑷后面跟or not時
⑸后面直接跟動詞不定式時
It all depends on they will support us.
He doesnt know to stay or not.
Whether與 if均可使用的情況
⑴引導賓語從句 ⑵在be+adj.之后 He was not sure whether/if it is right or not.
2 、 what 與 that 的區別
⑴that引導名詞性從句，不在從句中充當任何成分，只起連接作用;what是連接代詞，在從句中充當成分作主語、賓語或表語。除表明具體的內容外，還表的時間、地點、人、速度等。
① made the school proud was more than 90%of the students had been admitted to key universities.
A. What; because B. What. that C. That; what D. That; because
②----I think its going to be a big problem.
----Yes, it could be.
----I wonder we can do about it.
A. if B. how C. what D. that
A modern city has been set up in was a wasteland ten years ago.
After seemed a long time, he managed to work out this problem.
⑵介詞后的賓語從句常用what引導，不用that引導。但在介詞besides,except,in后可用that引導賓語從句。由it做形式賓語時，that引導的賓語從句中，that不可省略。
①Criticism and self- Criticism is necessaryin that it helps us to correct our mistakes.
②He noticed that the straight part of the dance was different in the afternoon from it had been in the morning.
③The suit fitted him well the color was a little brighter.
A. except for B. except that C. except when D. besides
⑶what/ whatever---the + n. +that/ which (what/ whatever可作前置定語)
Please give me what books you have.
You can write about whatever topic you prefer.
3 、 wh-ever 與 no matter+ 疑問詞的區別
wh-ever既可引導名詞性從句又可引導讓步狀語從句;而no matter+ 疑問詞只可引導讓步狀語從句。
Whatever I said, he wouldnt listen to me.
= No matter what I said, he wouldnt listen to me. 從句
He would believe whatever I said. 從句
三、賓語從句的注意點
⑴否定前移 think, believe, suppose, expect, guess, imagine etc.
⑵若主語的謂語動詞是make, find, see 等，則把賓語從句置于賓補后，用it做形式主語.
The teacher made it a rule that we should get up early.
See to it that children dont catch cold.
⑵that在主語從句、表語從句和同位語從句中不可省略。在賓語從句和it做形式主語的主語從句中可省略;但當有兩個或兩個以上的賓語從句并列時，第二個從句以下的that不可省略。
She said (that) she had left school and that her parents would find her a job.
⑶固定用法：like it; dislike it; have it; appreciate it 一般與if 或 when 引導的從句連用。
I like it in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.
四、that引導同位語從句與定語從句的區別
that引導同位語從句時，that是連詞，應在某些抽象名詞之后，如：fact,hope,desire,thought等，對前面的名詞起補充說明作用，它在從句中不充當任何成分，不能省略，;that引導定語從句時，that是關系代詞，在從句中充當主、賓和表語。
The news that they had won the game arrived soon . 從句
The news that you told me yesterday is true. 從句
名詞性從句的概念及分類
名詞性從句的功能相當于名詞詞組，它在復合句中能擔任主語、賓語、表語、同位語等。因此根據它在句中不同的句法功能，名詞性從句又分主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句。
引導名詞性從句的連接詞
引導名詞性從句的連接詞可分為三類：
從屬連詞： (不充當從句的任何成分)
連接代詞：what、whatever、who 、whoever、 whom 、whomever、 whose 、which、 whichever
連接副詞： 等
★不可省略的連詞：1.介詞后的連詞 2.引導主語從句和同位語從句的連詞
名詞性從句的重難點
一 、名詞性從句的語序 ( 語序)
二 、名詞性從句引導詞間的區別
1 、 whether 與 i f 的區別
whether 與if均為是否的意思。但在以下情況下，whether不能被if取代：
⑴whether引導表語從句和同位語從句時
⑵在主語從句中，若用it做形式主語，if / whether均可;否則，只用whether
Eg.Whether we will attend the meeting hasnt been decided
It hasnt been decided whether / if we will attend the meeting.
⑶引導介詞后的賓語從句時
⑷后面跟or not時
⑸后面直接跟動詞不定式時
It all depends on they will support us.
He doesnt know to stay or not.
Whether與 if均可使用的情況
⑴引導賓語從句 ⑵在be+adj.之后 He was not sure whether/if it is right or not.
2 、 what 與 that 的區別
⑴that引導名詞性從句，不在從句中充當任何成分，只起連接作用;what是連接代詞，在從句中充當成分作主語、賓語或表語。除表明具體的內容外，還表的時間、地點、人、速度等。
① made the school proud was more than 90%of the students had been admitted to key universities.
A. What; because B. What. that C. That; what D. That; because
②----I think its going to be a big problem.
----Yes, it could be.
----I wonder we can do about it.
A. if B. how C. what D. that
