澳大利亞新總理是微笑的刺客
政治上的蜜月期也許永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)持續(xù)很久，但它們?cè)诎拇罄麃喐静淮嬖凇Ｉ现埽诹T免托尼阿博特(Tony Abbott)僅僅一天后，馬爾科姆礠楲布爾(Malcolm Turnbull)宣誓就任澳大利亞第29任總理。那天的街頭小報(bào)將他稱(chēng)為“馬爾科姆變節(jié)者(Malcolm Turncoat)和“微笑的刺客(Smiling Assassin)。
Australia’s premier is a former lawyer who has grabbed his chance to shine, writes Jamie SmythPolitical honeymoons may never last long, but they don’t exist in Australia. When MalcolmTurnbull was sworn in as the 29th prime minister of Australia this week, just a day afterousting Tony Abbott, the tabloids labelled him “Malcolm Turncoat and the “Smiling Assassin.
在特恩布爾成功問(wèn)鼎自由黨(Liberal Party)黨首以來(lái)的幾天里，這位60歲的前高盛(Goldman Sachs)銀行家已被媒體和黨內(nèi)批評(píng)者貼上了“小氣鬼百萬(wàn)富翁、“精英勢(shì)利眼和不擇手段的王子等標(biāo)簽。
In the days since Mr Turnbull’s successful challenge for the Liberal party leadership, politicalopponents, the media and internal critics within his party have labelled the 60-year-old formerGoldman Sachs banker a “penny pinching millionaire, an “elitist snob, and a Machiavellianprince.
“派珀角王子和自由毫不沾邊。曾在工黨政府擔(dān)任財(cái)長(zhǎng)的韋恩斯旺(Wayne Swan)表示;派珀角(Point Piper)是特恩布爾居住的富裕的悉尼城郊住宅區(qū)。“特恩布爾的溫和派名聲并不屬實(shí)。不過(guò)，他將實(shí)施阿博特的政策。
“There is nothing liberal about the Prince of Point Piper, says Wayne Swan, a former Labortreasurer, referring to the affluent Sydney suburb where Mr Turnbull lives. “Turnbull has anundeserved reputation as a moderate but he will implement Abbott’s policies.
澳大利亞政治的殘酷無(wú)情意味著，該國(guó)在5年里見(jiàn)證了5名總理的起落。如今特恩布爾面對(duì)的現(xiàn)實(shí)是，他必須應(yīng)對(duì)一個(gè)某些人聲稱(chēng)已功能失調(diào)的議會(huì)制度。但他的最大挑戰(zhàn)將是他提振澳大利亞經(jīng)濟(jì)的能力——這一點(diǎn)將左右著對(duì)他的政府的評(píng)價(jià)。由于澳大利亞關(guān)鍵的出口商品——鐵礦石和煤炭——價(jià)格暴跌，以及該國(guó)最大貿(mào)易伙伴中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)放緩，澳大利亞的經(jīng)濟(jì)正在不斷走弱。
The brutal nature of Australian politics, which has seen five prime ministers come and go in asmany years, is the reality Mr Turnbull must manage in a parliamentary system that some claimis dysfunctional. But his greatest challenge, and the one that will define his government, willbe his ability to grow an economy that is weakening in the face of a collapse in the price ofkey exports — iron ore and coal — and a slowdown in the economy of its biggest tradingpartner, China.
澳大利亞曾出現(xiàn)連續(xù)24年的增長(zhǎng)。然而，在截至6月底的3個(gè)月內(nèi)，國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值(GDP)增幅已放緩至0.2%。這一局面令高盛警告稱(chēng)，該國(guó)在2023年年中以前有三分之一的幾率陷入衰退。
Australia has had 24 consecutive years of growth. But gross domestic product growth slowedto 0.2 per cent in the three months to the end of June, leading Goldman Sachs to warn of aone in three chance of a recession by mid-2023.
阿博特曾承諾要通過(guò)改革刺激增長(zhǎng)。然而，他對(duì)緊縮政策的支持、生硬的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)風(fēng)格、以及議會(huì)中的僵局，使他與習(xí)慣了經(jīng)濟(jì)繁榮的公眾及渴望變革的商界不合拍。
Mr Abbott promised reforms to stimulate growth but his embrace of austerity, abrasiveleadership style and deadlock in parliament made him unpopular with a public used toprosperity and a business sector hungry for change.
麥格理銀行(Macquarie Bank)共同創(chuàng)始人馬克約翰遜(Mark Johnson)表示：“商界失去了對(duì)阿博特的信任。他們認(rèn)為，在所有政客中，特恩布爾重振澳大利亞經(jīng)濟(jì)的可能性最大。他非常聰明，是一位天才的溝通者和更好的談判專(zhuān)家，還和實(shí)施政策離不開(kāi)的獨(dú)立參議員具有良好的關(guān)系。
“Business lost faith with Abbott, says Mark Johnson, co-founder of Macquarie Bank. “They seeTurnbull has the best chance of any politician in revitalising the economy. He’s intelligent, atalented communicator, a better negotiator and has good relationships with independentsenators, who are needed to implement policy.
在厭倦了堪培拉政壇“旋轉(zhuǎn)門(mén)特性的選民中，特恩布爾擁有很高的支持率。不過(guò)，自由黨右翼阿博特支持者的憎恨，以及保守派盟友國(guó)家黨(National Party)黨內(nèi)的不安，依然是他面臨的潛在威脅，并將限制他的政策選擇空間。澳大利亞國(guó)立大學(xué)(Australian National University)的伊恩麥卡利斯特(Ian McAllister)表示：“他與工黨前領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人陸克文(Kevin Rudd)面臨的局面類(lèi)似。他在選民中很受歡迎，但黨內(nèi)某些勢(shì)力憎恨他。
Mr Turnbull has strong approval ratings from voters weary of the revolving door nature ofCanberra politics. But resentment from Mr Abbott’s supporters on the rightwing of the Liberalparty and unease among the conservative coalition partners, the National party, remain apotential threat and will restrict his policy options. “He is in a similar situation to former Laborleader Kevin Rudd. He is popular with voters but elements within his own party hate him, saysIan McAllister, politics professor at Australian National University.
作為一名社會(huì)改革派和經(jīng)濟(jì)保守派人士，這不是特恩布爾第一次擔(dān)任自由黨黨首。他曾在2008到2009年間擔(dān)任此職，后來(lái)因支持碳排放交易機(jī)制而被黨內(nèi)右翼的氣候變化懷疑論者趕下臺(tái)。在那之前，特恩布爾在黨內(nèi)的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)地位已經(jīng)因一個(gè)失誤而削弱：他依據(jù)一名財(cái)政部官員提供的虛假電子郵件，聲稱(chēng)當(dāng)時(shí)的工黨政府尋求為一名政治捐贈(zèng)者安排特殊待遇。
It is not the first time Mr Turnbull, a social progressive and economic conservative, has beenLiberal party leader. He held the position in 2008-09 before climate sceptics on the rightwing ofthe party ousted him over his support for an emissions trading scheme. His leadership hadalready been weakened following a gaffe when he relied on fake emails provided by a treasuryofficial to allege the then Labor government sought special treatment for a political donor.
失去黨首之位是一次少有的挫敗。當(dāng)時(shí)特恩布爾宣布將退出政壇，但在與上一位給澳大利亞政壇帶來(lái)穩(wěn)定的總理約翰霍華德(John Howard)談話(huà)后改變了主意。“他非常聰明，對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)有深刻見(jiàn)解，而且口才很好，霍華德說(shuō)。批評(píng)者稱(chēng)，特恩布爾有時(shí)缺乏耐心，為人傲慢。“他無(wú)法容忍愚蠢的人。他會(huì)擊碎他們的膝蓋骨，一名官員稱(chēng)。
The loss of the leadership was a rare setback. At the time he said he would quit politics, butchanged his mind after talking to John Howard, the last prime minister to bring stability toAustralian politics. “He is highly intelligent, has a good understanding of economics and is quitearticulate, says Mr Howard. Critics say he can be impatient and arrogant. “He doesn’t sufferfools gladly. He kneecaps them, says one official.
特恩布爾第一次受到世界矚目是在1985年，當(dāng)時(shí)身為悉尼律師的他在著名的《抓間諜者》(Spycatcher)一案中領(lǐng)導(dǎo)辯護(hù)團(tuán)隊(duì)，成功地為英國(guó)軍情五處前特工彼得嘠禍(Peter Wright)進(jìn)行辯護(hù)，推翻了英國(guó)政府封殺賴(lài)特回憶錄的禁令。
Mr Turnbull first came to global attention in 1985 as a lawyer in Sydney, when he led thesuccessful defence team in the notorious Spycatcher case, acting for Peter Wright, a formerMI5 agent being blocked by the British government from publishing his memoirs.
特恩布爾的妻子露西礠楲布爾(Lucy Turnbull)是一名著名律師和商人。她是原澳大利亞總檢察長(zhǎng)的女兒，也曾參與《抓間諜者》一案。
Mr Turnbull’s wife Lucy is a well-known lawyer and businesswoman — the daughter of a formerattorney-general, she also worked on the Spycatcher case.
特恩布爾曾為商人克里派克(Kerry Packer)擔(dān)任顧問(wèn)，同僚稱(chēng)這段關(guān)系促使特恩布爾尋求自己的致富機(jī)會(huì)。1987年，他和前總理高夫惠特拉姆(Gough Whitlam)之子尼古拉斯惠特拉姆(Nicholas Whitlam)、已故的工黨政治人士和前新南威爾士州州長(zhǎng)內(nèi)維爾 楠(Neville Wran)創(chuàng)立了一家投資銀行，之后又在1997年到2001年間擔(dān)任高盛澳大利亞的董事總經(jīng)理。
Mr Turnbull acted as counsel for businessman Kerry Packer, a relationship that colleagues sayinspired him to seek his fortune. Accordingly, in 1987, he set up an investment bank withNicholas Whitlam, son of former prime minister Gough Whitlam, and Neville Wran, the lateLabor politician and former premier of New South Wales, before becoming managing directorof Goldman Sachs Australia in 1997-2001.
一些同僚將特恩布爾的抱負(fù)歸因于他艱難的成長(zhǎng)經(jīng)歷。他的雙親在他9歲時(shí)分居。特恩布爾的母親移居美國(guó)，他被送往寄宿學(xué)校，此后他在悉尼攻讀法律，后來(lái)又獲得羅德獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金到牛津大學(xué)(University of Oxford)進(jìn)修。
Some associates attribute Mr Turnbull’s ambition to his difficult upbringing. His parentsseparated when he was nine. His mother moved to America, and Malcolm was sent to boardingschool before studying law in Sydney and then as a Rhodes scholar in Oxford.
特恩布爾在2004年當(dāng)選進(jìn)入議會(huì)，但他在政治上活躍的時(shí)期更久：作為一名共和政體的擁護(hù)者，他在1999年就澳大利亞是否要走向共和的全民公投中發(fā)揮了重要作用，這場(chǎng)公投以支持共和一方的失敗告終。
Mr Turnbull was elected to parliament in 2004 but had long been politically active: a republican,he played a prominent role in the unsuccessful 1999 referendum on whether to establish anAustralian republic.
現(xiàn)在距離下一次選舉還不到一年時(shí)間，這位新上任的總理并沒(méi)有多少時(shí)間給人們留下深刻印象。特恩布爾將黨內(nèi)團(tuán)結(jié)置于個(gè)人信念之前，承諾不改變聯(lián)合政府保守的氣候變化政策和就同性婚姻舉行公民投票的計(jì)劃，而不是推動(dòng)議會(huì)加快立法。他承諾就如何提振經(jīng)濟(jì)展開(kāi)國(guó)內(nèi)討論。“有關(guān)把事情做成的最佳途徑，我認(rèn)為特恩布爾在過(guò)去幾年學(xué)到了很多，麥格理的約翰遜說(shuō)，“我認(rèn)為他能夠成功。
With less than a year to go before the next election, the new prime minister has little time toimpress. Placing party unity over personal conviction, he has committed to keep thecoalition’s conservative climate change policies and its plan for a plebiscite on same-sexmarriage, rather than speeding legislation through parliament. He promises to start a nationalconversation on how to boost the economy. “I think Turnbull’s learnt a lot about how best toget things done over the past few years, says Mr Johnson. “I think he can succeed.
政治上的蜜月期也許永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)持續(xù)很久，但它們?cè)诎拇罄麃喐静淮嬖凇Ｉ现埽诹T免托尼阿博特(Tony Abbott)僅僅一天后，馬爾科姆礠楲布爾(Malcolm Turnbull)宣誓就任澳大利亞第29任總理。那天的街頭小報(bào)將他稱(chēng)為“馬爾科姆變節(jié)者(Malcolm Turncoat)和“微笑的刺客(Smiling Assassin)。
Australia’s premier is a former lawyer who has grabbed his chance to shine, writes Jamie SmythPolitical honeymoons may never last long, but they don’t exist in Australia. When MalcolmTurnbull was sworn in as the 29th prime minister of Australia this week, just a day afterousting Tony Abbott, the tabloids labelled him “Malcolm Turncoat and the “Smiling Assassin.
在特恩布爾成功問(wèn)鼎自由黨(Liberal Party)黨首以來(lái)的幾天里，這位60歲的前高盛(Goldman Sachs)銀行家已被媒體和黨內(nèi)批評(píng)者貼上了“小氣鬼百萬(wàn)富翁、“精英勢(shì)利眼和不擇手段的王子等標(biāo)簽。
In the days since Mr Turnbull’s successful challenge for the Liberal party leadership, politicalopponents, the media and internal critics within his party have labelled the 60-year-old formerGoldman Sachs banker a “penny pinching millionaire, an “elitist snob, and a Machiavellianprince.
“派珀角王子和自由毫不沾邊。曾在工黨政府擔(dān)任財(cái)長(zhǎng)的韋恩斯旺(Wayne Swan)表示;派珀角(Point Piper)是特恩布爾居住的富裕的悉尼城郊住宅區(qū)。“特恩布爾的溫和派名聲并不屬實(shí)。不過(guò)，他將實(shí)施阿博特的政策。
“There is nothing liberal about the Prince of Point Piper, says Wayne Swan, a former Labortreasurer, referring to the affluent Sydney suburb where Mr Turnbull lives. “Turnbull has anundeserved reputation as a moderate but he will implement Abbott’s policies.
澳大利亞政治的殘酷無(wú)情意味著，該國(guó)在5年里見(jiàn)證了5名總理的起落。如今特恩布爾面對(duì)的現(xiàn)實(shí)是，他必須應(yīng)對(duì)一個(gè)某些人聲稱(chēng)已功能失調(diào)的議會(huì)制度。但他的最大挑戰(zhàn)將是他提振澳大利亞經(jīng)濟(jì)的能力——這一點(diǎn)將左右著對(duì)他的政府的評(píng)價(jià)。由于澳大利亞關(guān)鍵的出口商品——鐵礦石和煤炭——價(jià)格暴跌，以及該國(guó)最大貿(mào)易伙伴中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)放緩，澳大利亞的經(jīng)濟(jì)正在不斷走弱。
The brutal nature of Australian politics, which has seen five prime ministers come and go in asmany years, is the reality Mr Turnbull must manage in a parliamentary system that some claimis dysfunctional. But his greatest challenge, and the one that will define his government, willbe his ability to grow an economy that is weakening in the face of a collapse in the price ofkey exports — iron ore and coal — and a slowdown in the economy of its biggest tradingpartner, China.
澳大利亞曾出現(xiàn)連續(xù)24年的增長(zhǎng)。然而，在截至6月底的3個(gè)月內(nèi)，國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值(GDP)增幅已放緩至0.2%。這一局面令高盛警告稱(chēng)，該國(guó)在2023年年中以前有三分之一的幾率陷入衰退。
Australia has had 24 consecutive years of growth. But gross domestic product growth slowedto 0.2 per cent in the three months to the end of June, leading Goldman Sachs to warn of aone in three chance of a recession by mid-2023.
阿博特曾承諾要通過(guò)改革刺激增長(zhǎng)。然而，他對(duì)緊縮政策的支持、生硬的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)風(fēng)格、以及議會(huì)中的僵局，使他與習(xí)慣了經(jīng)濟(jì)繁榮的公眾及渴望變革的商界不合拍。
Mr Abbott promised reforms to stimulate growth but his embrace of austerity, abrasiveleadership style and deadlock in parliament made him unpopular with a public used toprosperity and a business sector hungry for change.
麥格理銀行(Macquarie Bank)共同創(chuàng)始人馬克約翰遜(Mark Johnson)表示：“商界失去了對(duì)阿博特的信任。他們認(rèn)為，在所有政客中，特恩布爾重振澳大利亞經(jīng)濟(jì)的可能性最大。他非常聰明，是一位天才的溝通者和更好的談判專(zhuān)家，還和實(shí)施政策離不開(kāi)的獨(dú)立參議員具有良好的關(guān)系。
“Business lost faith with Abbott, says Mark Johnson, co-founder of Macquarie Bank. “They seeTurnbull has the best chance of any politician in revitalising the economy. He’s intelligent, atalented communicator, a better negotiator and has good relationships with independentsenators, who are needed to implement policy.
在厭倦了堪培拉政壇“旋轉(zhuǎn)門(mén)特性的選民中，特恩布爾擁有很高的支持率。不過(guò)，自由黨右翼阿博特支持者的憎恨，以及保守派盟友國(guó)家黨(National Party)黨內(nèi)的不安，依然是他面臨的潛在威脅，并將限制他的政策選擇空間。澳大利亞國(guó)立大學(xué)(Australian National University)的伊恩麥卡利斯特(Ian McAllister)表示：“他與工黨前領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人陸克文(Kevin Rudd)面臨的局面類(lèi)似。他在選民中很受歡迎，但黨內(nèi)某些勢(shì)力憎恨他。
Mr Turnbull has strong approval ratings from voters weary of the revolving door nature ofCanberra politics. But resentment from Mr Abbott’s supporters on the rightwing of the Liberalparty and unease among the conservative coalition partners, the National party, remain apotential threat and will restrict his policy options. “He is in a similar situation to former Laborleader Kevin Rudd. He is popular with voters but elements within his own party hate him, saysIan McAllister, politics professor at Australian National University.
作為一名社會(huì)改革派和經(jīng)濟(jì)保守派人士，這不是特恩布爾第一次擔(dān)任自由黨黨首。他曾在2008到2009年間擔(dān)任此職，后來(lái)因支持碳排放交易機(jī)制而被黨內(nèi)右翼的氣候變化懷疑論者趕下臺(tái)。在那之前，特恩布爾在黨內(nèi)的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)地位已經(jīng)因一個(gè)失誤而削弱：他依據(jù)一名財(cái)政部官員提供的虛假電子郵件，聲稱(chēng)當(dāng)時(shí)的工黨政府尋求為一名政治捐贈(zèng)者安排特殊待遇。
It is not the first time Mr Turnbull, a social progressive and economic conservative, has beenLiberal party leader. He held the position in 2008-09 before climate sceptics on the rightwing ofthe party ousted him over his support for an emissions trading scheme. His leadership hadalready been weakened following a gaffe when he relied on fake emails provided by a treasuryofficial to allege the then Labor government sought special treatment for a political donor.
失去黨首之位是一次少有的挫敗。當(dāng)時(shí)特恩布爾宣布將退出政壇，但在與上一位給澳大利亞政壇帶來(lái)穩(wěn)定的總理約翰霍華德(John Howard)談話(huà)后改變了主意。“他非常聰明，對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)有深刻見(jiàn)解，而且口才很好，霍華德說(shuō)。批評(píng)者稱(chēng)，特恩布爾有時(shí)缺乏耐心，為人傲慢。“他無(wú)法容忍愚蠢的人。他會(huì)擊碎他們的膝蓋骨，一名官員稱(chēng)。
The loss of the leadership was a rare setback. At the time he said he would quit politics, butchanged his mind after talking to John Howard, the last prime minister to bring stability toAustralian politics. “He is highly intelligent, has a good understanding of economics and is quitearticulate, says Mr Howard. Critics say he can be impatient and arrogant. “He doesn’t sufferfools gladly. He kneecaps them, says one official.
特恩布爾第一次受到世界矚目是在1985年，當(dāng)時(shí)身為悉尼律師的他在著名的《抓間諜者》(Spycatcher)一案中領(lǐng)導(dǎo)辯護(hù)團(tuán)隊(duì)，成功地為英國(guó)軍情五處前特工彼得嘠禍(Peter Wright)進(jìn)行辯護(hù)，推翻了英國(guó)政府封殺賴(lài)特回憶錄的禁令。
Mr Turnbull first came to global attention in 1985 as a lawyer in Sydney, when he led thesuccessful defence team in the notorious Spycatcher case, acting for Peter Wright, a formerMI5 agent being blocked by the British government from publishing his memoirs.
特恩布爾的妻子露西礠楲布爾(Lucy Turnbull)是一名著名律師和商人。她是原澳大利亞總檢察長(zhǎng)的女兒，也曾參與《抓間諜者》一案。
Mr Turnbull’s wife Lucy is a well-known lawyer and businesswoman — the daughter of a formerattorney-general, she also worked on the Spycatcher case.
特恩布爾曾為商人克里派克(Kerry Packer)擔(dān)任顧問(wèn)，同僚稱(chēng)這段關(guān)系促使特恩布爾尋求自己的致富機(jī)會(huì)。1987年，他和前總理高夫惠特拉姆(Gough Whitlam)之子尼古拉斯惠特拉姆(Nicholas Whitlam)、已故的工黨政治人士和前新南威爾士州州長(zhǎng)內(nèi)維爾 楠(Neville Wran)創(chuàng)立了一家投資銀行，之后又在1997年到2001年間擔(dān)任高盛澳大利亞的董事總經(jīng)理。
Mr Turnbull acted as counsel for businessman Kerry Packer, a relationship that colleagues sayinspired him to seek his fortune. Accordingly, in 1987, he set up an investment bank withNicholas Whitlam, son of former prime minister Gough Whitlam, and Neville Wran, the lateLabor politician and former premier of New South Wales, before becoming managing directorof Goldman Sachs Australia in 1997-2001.
一些同僚將特恩布爾的抱負(fù)歸因于他艱難的成長(zhǎng)經(jīng)歷。他的雙親在他9歲時(shí)分居。特恩布爾的母親移居美國(guó)，他被送往寄宿學(xué)校，此后他在悉尼攻讀法律，后來(lái)又獲得羅德獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金到牛津大學(xué)(University of Oxford)進(jìn)修。
Some associates attribute Mr Turnbull’s ambition to his difficult upbringing. His parentsseparated when he was nine. His mother moved to America, and Malcolm was sent to boardingschool before studying law in Sydney and then as a Rhodes scholar in Oxford.
特恩布爾在2004年當(dāng)選進(jìn)入議會(huì)，但他在政治上活躍的時(shí)期更久：作為一名共和政體的擁護(hù)者，他在1999年就澳大利亞是否要走向共和的全民公投中發(fā)揮了重要作用，這場(chǎng)公投以支持共和一方的失敗告終。
Mr Turnbull was elected to parliament in 2004 but had long been politically active: a republican,he played a prominent role in the unsuccessful 1999 referendum on whether to establish anAustralian republic.
現(xiàn)在距離下一次選舉還不到一年時(shí)間，這位新上任的總理并沒(méi)有多少時(shí)間給人們留下深刻印象。特恩布爾將黨內(nèi)團(tuán)結(jié)置于個(gè)人信念之前，承諾不改變聯(lián)合政府保守的氣候變化政策和就同性婚姻舉行公民投票的計(jì)劃，而不是推動(dòng)議會(huì)加快立法。他承諾就如何提振經(jīng)濟(jì)展開(kāi)國(guó)內(nèi)討論。“有關(guān)把事情做成的最佳途徑，我認(rèn)為特恩布爾在過(guò)去幾年學(xué)到了很多，麥格理的約翰遜說(shuō)，“我認(rèn)為他能夠成功。
With less than a year to go before the next election, the new prime minister has little time toimpress. Placing party unity over personal conviction, he has committed to keep thecoalition’s conservative climate change policies and its plan for a plebiscite on same-sexmarriage, rather than speeding legislation through parliament. He promises to start a nationalconversation on how to boost the economy. “I think Turnbull’s learnt a lot about how best toget things done over the past few years, says Mr Johnson. “I think he can succeed.
