2024屆高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)基礎(chǔ)鞏固學(xué)案：Unit 6《Healthy Diet》（重大版必修1）
Ⅰ.重點(diǎn)單詞識(shí)記
1．guarantee /??r?n′ti?/ n．保證(人/物)
2．diet /daI?t/ n．飲食；食物
3．fresh /fre/ adj.新鮮的
4．extra /ekstr?/ adj.額外的；臨時(shí)的
5．function /f??k?n/ vi.起作用
6．lack /l?k/ vi.缺乏；不足
7．a(chǎn)vailable /?veIl?bl/ adj.可利用的；可得到的
8．complex /k?mpleks/ adj.復(fù)雜的
9．a(chǎn)ttend /?tend/ vt.參加
10．scientist /saI?ntIst/ n．科學(xué)家
11．saying /seII?/ n．諺語；格言
12．evidence /evId?ns/ n．證據(jù)
13．stress /stres/ vt./n.強(qiáng)調(diào)；著重
14．mood /mu?d/ n．心情；情緒
15．nutrition /nju?trI?n/ n．營養(yǎng)→nutritional adj.營養(yǎng)的→nutritionist n．營養(yǎng)學(xué)家→nutritious adj.有營養(yǎng)的
16．variety /v?raI?tI/ n．多樣(性)→various adj.各種各樣的→vary vi./vt.(使)變化，改變
17．balance /b?l?ns/ vt.使保持平衡→balanced adj.平衡的
18．properly /pr?p?lI/ adv.恰當(dāng)?shù)兀徽_地→proper adj.恰當(dāng)?shù)模贿m合的
19．contribute /k?ntrIbju?t/ vi.提供；有助于……→contribution n．貢獻(xiàn)；捐助物
20．concentration /?knsen′treI?n/ n．集中注意力；專心→concentrate vi./vt.專心于；注意
.重點(diǎn)短語識(shí)記
1．get...from...從……獲得……
2．enable_sb.to_do_sth.使某人能做某事
3．a(chǎn)s_long_as只要
4．depend_on...取決于……；依賴……
5．contribute_to...有助于……
6._be_lacking_in_sth.某物不足；不夠
7．cut_out 剪掉；刪掉；放棄
8．lose_weight減肥
9．gain_weight增加體重
10．instead_of...(用……)代替……
11．a(chǎn)dvise_sb.to_do_sth.建議某人做某事
12．a(chǎn)_large_breakfast一頓豐盛的早餐
13．be_up_to...長達(dá)……
14．stress_the_importance_of...強(qiáng)調(diào)……的重要性
15．for_example例如
.經(jīng)典原句默寫與背誦
1．As_long_as_people_eat_enough_dairy_foods，eggs，and_meat，they can get essential proteins.
只要人們吃足夠的奶制品，雞蛋和肉，他們就能獲取必要的蛋白質(zhì)。
2．Nutritional value depends on what_types_of_food_you_eat，not_when_you_eat_them.
營養(yǎng)價(jià)值取決于你吃什么類型的食物，而不是取決于你什么時(shí)候吃。
3．Eating_a_hard-boiled_egg_or_an_orange_as_a_snack can contribute to a well-balanced diet.
作為零食，吃一個(gè)煮雞蛋或橘子都有利于均衡飲食。
4．It’s_widely_believed_that extra vitamins provide more energy.
人們普遍相信額外的維生素會(huì)提供更多能量。
1．His study has made great contributions to the development of physics.(contribute)
2．Rose’s parents made sure that she lacked for nothing.(lack)
3．The population of India is concentrated in large cities.(concentrate)
4．It means maintaining a balanced and healthy diet.(balance)
5．They are not serviced properly.(proper)
6．Many people once experienced fear for various reasons.(variety)
7．Is the country on its way to becoming a boiled frog？(boil)
8．They can make your life pretty stressful.(stress)
1
a variety of＝varieties of種種的；各種各樣的
vary from...to...由……到……不等/變化
vary with隨……變化
vary in在……方面變化
In our school，there are various kinds of activities，for example，arts and sports.
在我們學(xué)校里有各種各樣的活動(dòng)，例如藝術(shù)和體育。(2011·四川·書面表達(dá))
特別提醒
(1)a variety of/varieties of后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。
(2)the variety of＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞，意為“……的品種”，作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。
夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)
用vary的適當(dāng)形式填空
(1)They were late for the meeting for a variety of reasons.
(2)There are various plants and flowers in the park.
(3)The weather here varies with seasons.
(4)Teaching methods vary greatly from school to school.
2balance n.均衡，平衡；天平，秤；余額；vt.使保持平衡；權(quán)衡?keep steady?；使相等，相抵?be/keep equal
keep/lose one’s balance保持/失去平衡
on balance總的來說
off balance失去平衡的
balance...against權(quán)衡，比較
keep a balanced diet保持均衡飲食
I found it hard to keep my balance on the icy path.
我發(fā)現(xiàn)在結(jié)冰的路面上走時(shí)很難保持平衡。
圖解助記
夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)
用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空
(1)I was thrown off balance，and the more I ignored the sorrow，the more it seemed to grow.
(2)Before making the final decision，you’d better balance the advantages against the disadvantages.
(3)I think，on balance，I prefer the new education system.
3
contribute v.捐獻(xiàn)；捐助?give money or goods to...?；是……的原因之一?be one of the causes of sth.?；貢獻(xiàn)；投稿?write...for...
contribute...to...把……貢獻(xiàn)給……
contribute to＝result in/lead to有助于；導(dǎo)致；把時(shí)間投入到……
make a contribution/contributions to對(duì)……作出貢獻(xiàn)
Would you like to make a contribution to the hospital building fund?
你愿意為醫(yī)院建設(shè)基金捐款嗎？
He contributed a lot of good ideas to the discussion.
他在這次討論中提出很多好的想法。
圖解助記
夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)
(1)I’m sure your suggestion will contribute_to_solving(有助于解決) the problem.
(2)同義句改寫
Various factors contributed to his downfall.
Various factors resulted_in/led_to/were_responsible_for/caused his downfall.
4
(a) lack of缺少……
for/through lack of因缺少……
no lack of ……充足的
lack in...在……方面缺乏
lack (for) sth.缺少某物
Despite his lack of experience，he got the job.
他雖然經(jīng)驗(yàn)不足，但還是獲得了這份工作。
It lacks the power of the Italian cars.
它沒有意大利轎車動(dòng)力強(qiáng)勁。
夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)
(1)For_lack_of_time(由于缺乏時(shí)間)，we cannot discuss the details at present.
(2)同義句改寫
The green hand is lacking in practical experience.(用short改寫句子)
The green hand is short_of practical experience.
5
concentrate (one’s mind/attention/thoughts/efforts) on集中注意力于；專注于
be concentrated in/on/around...集中在……；匯集于……
專心于……
I can’t concentrate on my studies with that noise going on.
有噪音我不能集中精力學(xué)習(xí)。
We must concentrate our attention on improving education.
我們必須致力于改進(jìn)教育工作。
夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)
用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空
(1)It was up to him to concentrate on his studies and make something of himself.
(2)If you apply yourself to the work in hand，you’ll soon finish it.
(3)Nothing is difficult if you put your heart into it.
(4)She is absorbed in music.
Ⅰ.單項(xiàng)填空
1．More and more people choose to shop in a supermarket as it offers a great________of goods.
A．variety
B．mixture
C．extension
D．combination
答案 A
解析 a variety of各種各樣的。
2．As is known to all，a ________ diet should keep your body healthy.
A．balance
B．balanced
C．balancing
D．balance of
答案 B
解析 balanced為形容詞，意為“平衡的”，符合題意。
3．The athlete tried his best to ________ his balance in his new shoes while skating.
A．manage
B．keep
C．lose
D．hold
答案 B
解析 句意為：這位運(yùn)動(dòng)員穿著新鞋滑冰時(shí)盡力保持平衡。keep one’s balance保持平衡。
4．His profound learning and sharp eyes ________ this new discovery.
A．contributed to
B．referred to
C．objected to
D．came to
答案 A
解析 contribute to導(dǎo)致，是……的原因之一。
5．As a senior high student，you should ________ your energy on how to master the skills of learning.
A．impress
B．spend
C．concentrate
D．use
答案 C
解析 句意為：作為高中生，你應(yīng)該把精力集中在掌握學(xué)習(xí)的技巧上。concentrate...on把……集中于……。
6．Health problems are closely connected with bad eating habits and a________of exercise.
A．limit
B．lack
C．need
D．demand
答案 B
解析 句意為：健康問題與不良的飲食習(xí)慣和缺乏鍛煉息息相關(guān)。根據(jù)句意，所表達(dá)的應(yīng)是“缺乏”的意思。limit限制；need需要；demand需求。故選B項(xiàng)。
.漢譯英
1．有各種各樣的書供我們選擇，像歷史書、科幻書、文學(xué)書等等。(variety)(2024·江西·書面表達(dá))
There_are_a_variety_of_books_for_us_to_choose_from，like_history_books，science_books，literary_books_and_so_on.
2．現(xiàn)在，大自然的平衡正在被破壞，天氣變得越來越暖和。(balance)(2011·重慶·書面表達(dá))
Nowadays，the_balance_of_nature_is_being_destroyed_and_the_weather_is_getting_warmer_and_warmer.
1．He has decided to cut_out smoking and drinking.
2．Instead_of lending a hand，he laughed at us.
3．I didn’t mind as_long_as_the customers enjoyed the food.
4．I’d like to keep a pet—for_example，a dog.
5．Most of them depend_on animals to eat their fruits and spread their seeds.
1
as far as遠(yuǎn)至；就……來說
as well as和……一樣好；不但
as soon as一……就……
In our life we may meet many failures，as long as we have tried our best，there’s no need to feel regret for these failures.
生活中我們可能遇到許多失敗，但只要我們盡了力，就沒有必要為失敗而后悔。(2024·湖南·書面表達(dá))
夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)
(1)In ancient times，people rarely travelled long distance and most farmers only travelled as_far_as (遠(yuǎn)到)the local market.
(2)—What are you going to do this afternoon?
—I’ll probably go for a walk later on so/as_long_as(只要) it stays fine.
2
depend on sb.to do...依靠某人做……
depending on取決于……
depend on it that...指望……；相信……
It/That (all) depends.視情況而定。
近義短語：rely on/upon，count on/upon
The cooking time needed depends on the size of the potato.
所需的烹飪時(shí)間取決于土豆的大小。
He depended on his writing for his income.
他靠寫作賺取收入。
夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)
同義句改寫
You can depend on him to help you.
(1)You can depend on it_that_he_will_help_you.(用it改寫句子)
(2)You can depend on his_help_to_you.(用名詞改寫句子)
Ⅰ.單項(xiàng)填空
1．She found it hard to keep both ends meet，so the hostess decided to________on daily necessities.
A．cut off
B．cut down
C．cut up
D．cut back
答案 D
解析 句意為：由于發(fā)現(xiàn)入不敷出，女主人決定削減日常必需品開支。cut off切斷；cut down on減少……的量；cut up切碎；cut back on削減。故D項(xiàng)符合句意。
2．—How do you like Dalian，Jane?
—It’s a most beautiful city.I have ________ it for my holiday this year.
A．depended on
B．carried on
C．decided on
D．taken on
答案 C
解析 答語句意為：大連是個(gè)非常美麗的城市。我已決定今年到那兒度假。depend on依賴，依靠，取決于；carry on繼續(xù)；decide on sth.決定，選定；take on承擔(dān)，接受。只有C項(xiàng)符合題意。
3．It is obvious that she ________，for she looks much slimmer than she did last year.
A．has gone on diet
B．has lost weight
C．has put on weight
D．has cut down weight
答案 B
解析 句意為：很顯然，她減肥了，因?yàn)樗雌饋肀热ツ昝鐥l多了。lose weight減肥。
4．The more I think about him，the more reasons I find for loving him ________ I did.
A．a(chǎn)s much as
B．a(chǎn)s long as
C．a(chǎn)s soon as
D．a(chǎn)s far as
答案 A
解析 句意為：我越考慮他的情況；我就越能找到更多愛他如此深的理由。as much as在句中作程度狀語。as long as只要，長達(dá)……；as soon as盡快；as far as遠(yuǎn)達(dá)……，就……而言，均不符合句意。
.漢譯英
他們相信下次只要我更加努力學(xué)習(xí)我就能成功。(as long as)(2010·廣東·讀寫任務(wù))
They_believe_I_can_succeed_next_time_as_long_as_I_work_harder.
用所給單詞或短語的適當(dāng)形式填空
(1) I’ve won a holiday for two to Florida.I am_taking my mum.(take)
(2) Ladies and gentlemen，please fasten your seat belts.The plane is_taking_off.(take off)
(3) Because the shop is_closing_down，all the T-shirts are sold at half price.(close down)
(4)They are_leaving for Hong Kong this afternoon. (leave)
(5)—Are you still busy?
—Yes，I am_finishing my work，and it won’t take long.(finish)
It’s widely believed that extra vitamins provide more energy.人們普遍相信額外的維生素會(huì)提供更多能量。
