2024屆高考英語二輪復習課堂達標訓練：第1部分 題型專題方略 專題4 第3講 語法專題5 動詞的時態、語態和語氣（通用版）

　　動詞的時態、語態和語氣

　　Ⅰ.單句語法填空(2024·高考安徽卷改編)______(ignore) the difference between the two research findings will be one of the worst mistakes you make.

　　解析：句意：忽視這兩項研究結果的差異將會是你所犯的最嚴重的錯誤之一。句子缺少主語的邏輯主語是you兩者是主謂關系因此用動名詞作主語。答案：Ignoring(2024·高考福建卷改編)In recent years an English word “infosphere” has appeared____________ (combine) the sense of “information” and “atmosphere”．解析：句意：近幾年一個結合了“information”和“atmosphere”意思的英語單詞“infosphere”出現了。分析句子結構可知空格和后面的an English word “infosphere”，被修飾詞與combine之間為主動關系所以應用現在分詞combining。答案：combining(2024·高考湖南卷改編) Sometimes I act as a listening ear for fellow students ____________ (talk) over what is bothering them.解析：句意：有時對我的同學來說我充當了聽眾的角色以便與他們詳細聊一聊正在困擾他們的事情。本句用動詞不定式作目的狀語。答案：to talk(2024·高考江西卷改編)He is thought ____________(act)foolishly.Now he has no one but himself to blame for losing the job.解析：句意：他被認為是舉止愚蠢的。失去這份工作只能怨他自己不能怨別人。本題考查sb.be thought＋ to do sth.發生在think之前故應該用不定式的完成式。答案：to have acted____________(inform) about the conditions of their children at school.

　　解析：句意：學校已經答應隨時讓父母完全了解他們孩子在學校的情況。本題考查“keep＋賓語＋賓補”賓語parents 與inform之間為動賓關系故用過去分詞作賓補。答案：informed(2024·高考四川卷改編)The manager was satisfied to see many new products ____________ (develop) after great effort.解析：句意：經理很滿意地看到在做出很大的努力后許多新產品被開發出來了。分析題干可知題干中含有“see＋賓語＋賓語補足語”結構；賓語many new products與develop之間為被動關系故要用過去分詞作賓語補足語。答案：developed____________(feel)nervous or anxious.

　　解析：句意：當面臨危險和沖突時人們往往會血壓升高感覺緊張或焦慮。設空處為非謂語動詞邏輯主語men與feel 之間為主動關系故用現在分詞作伴隨狀語填feeling。答案：feeling(2024·浙江杭州市質檢)My daughter stopped screaming immediately and looked up at me with tears ____________(roll) down her cheeks.解析：句意：我女兒立刻停止了叫喊她抬頭看著我眼淚沿著她的面頰掉了下來。with的賓語tears與roll 之間為主動關系且表示正在進行故用現在分詞作賓補。答案：rolling(2024·高考浙江卷改編) Amie Salmon____________ (appoint) to guard her.

　　解析：句意：阿米·薩蒙是個殘疾人在校期間由委派來看護她的一位護士全程照顧。分析句子結構可知此處是nurse的后置定語；nurse與appoint之間為被動關系故要用過去分詞(appointed)作定語。答案：appointed____________(express)one’s idea somehow decides how far one can get along in one’s college.

　　解析：句意：一個人表達思想的能力在一定程度上決定了他在大學里的發展。抽象名詞ability后通常用不定式作定語故填to express。答案：to expressⅡ.語篇填空(用所給動詞的適當形式填空)____________ (make) serious research of the mind.The mind is the collection of activities 2.____________ (base) in the brain that involve how we act，think，feel and reason.

　　He used long talks with patients and the study of dreams 3.____________ (search) for the causes of mental and emotional problems.He also tried hypnosis.He wanted to see if 4.____________ (put) patients into a sleep-like condition would help ease 5.____________ (trouble) minds.In most cases he found the effects only temporary.

　　Freud worked hard，although what he did might sound easy.His method involved 6.____________ (sit) with his patients and 7.____________ (listen) to them talk.He had them 8.____________ (talk) about whatever they were thinking.All ideas，thoughts and anything that entered their mind had to 9.____________ (express)．There could be no 10.____________ (hold) back because of fear or guilt.答案：1.to make　2.based　3.to search　4.putting　6.sitting　7.listening　8.talk　9.be expressed　10.holding

　　動詞的時態、語態和語氣

　　Ⅰ.單句語法填空(2024·高考安徽卷改編)______(ignore) the difference between the two research findings will be one of the worst mistakes you make.

　　解析：句意：忽視這兩項研究結果的差異將會是你所犯的最嚴重的錯誤之一。句子缺少主語的邏輯主語是you兩者是主謂關系因此用動名詞作主語。答案：Ignoring(2024·高考福建卷改編)In recent years an English word “infosphere” has appeared____________ (combine) the sense of “information” and “atmosphere”．解析：句意：近幾年一個結合了“information”和“atmosphere”意思的英語單詞“infosphere”出現了。分析句子結構可知空格和后面的an English word “infosphere”，被修飾詞與combine之間為主動關系所以應用現在分詞combining。答案：combining(2024·高考湖南卷改編) Sometimes I act as a listening ear for fellow students ____________ (talk) over what is bothering them.解析：句意：有時對我的同學來說我充當了聽眾的角色以便與他們詳細聊一聊正在困擾他們的事情。本句用動詞不定式作目的狀語。答案：to talk(2024·高考江西卷改編)He is thought ____________(act)foolishly.Now he has no one but himself to blame for losing the job.解析：句意：他被認為是舉止愚蠢的。失去這份工作只能怨他自己不能怨別人。本題考查sb.be thought＋ to do sth.發生在think之前故應該用不定式的完成式。答案：to have acted____________(inform) about the conditions of their children at school.

　　解析：句意：學校已經答應隨時讓父母完全了解他們孩子在學校的情況。本題考查“keep＋賓語＋賓補”賓語parents 與inform之間為動賓關系故用過去分詞作賓補。答案：informed(2024·高考四川卷改編)The manager was satisfied to see many new products ____________ (develop) after great effort.解析：句意：經理很滿意地看到在做出很大的努力后許多新產品被開發出來了。分析題干可知題干中含有“see＋賓語＋賓語補足語”結構；賓語many new products與develop之間為被動關系故要用過去分詞作賓語補足語。答案：developed____________(feel)nervous or anxious.

　　解析：句意：當面臨危險和沖突時人們往往會血壓升高感覺緊張或焦慮。設空處為非謂語動詞邏輯主語men與feel 之間為主動關系故用現在分詞作伴隨狀語填feeling。答案：feeling(2024·浙江杭州市質檢)My daughter stopped screaming immediately and looked up at me with tears ____________(roll) down her cheeks.解析：句意：我女兒立刻停止了叫喊她抬頭看著我眼淚沿著她的面頰掉了下來。with的賓語tears與roll 之間為主動關系且表示正在進行故用現在分詞作賓補。答案：rolling(2024·高考浙江卷改編) Amie Salmon____________ (appoint) to guard her.

　　解析：句意：阿米·薩蒙是個殘疾人在校期間由委派來看護她的一位護士全程照顧。分析句子結構可知此處是nurse的后置定語；nurse與appoint之間為被動關系故要用過去分詞(appointed)作定語。答案：appointed____________(express)one’s idea somehow decides how far one can get along in one’s college.

　　解析：句意：一個人表達思想的能力在一定程度上決定了他在大學里的發展。抽象名詞ability后通常用不定式作定語故填to express。答案：to expressⅡ.語篇填空(用所給動詞的適當形式填空)____________ (make) serious research of the mind.The mind is the collection of activities 2.____________ (base) in the brain that involve how we act，think，feel and reason.

　　He used long talks with patients and the study of dreams 3.____________ (search) for the causes of mental and emotional problems.He also tried hypnosis.He wanted to see if 4.____________ (put) patients into a sleep-like condition would help ease 5.____________ (trouble) minds.In most cases he found the effects only temporary.

　　Freud worked hard，although what he did might sound easy.His method involved 6.____________ (sit) with his patients and 7.____________ (listen) to them talk.He had them 8.____________ (talk) about whatever they were thinking.All ideas，thoughts and anything that entered their mind had to 9.____________ (express)．There could be no 10.____________ (hold) back because of fear or guilt.答案：1.to make　2.based　3.to search　4.putting　6.sitting　7.listening　8.talk　9.be expressed　10.holding