2024屆高考英語一輪語法專題復習：7 虛擬語氣（新人教版）

　　語法專題7 虛擬語氣

　　Ⅰ.單句語法填空

　　1．(2024·天津，13改編)I wish I________(be) at my sister's wedding last Tuesday，but I was on a business trip in New York then.

　　答案：had been　利用虛擬語氣考查時態。句意為：我真希望上周二參加了妹妹的婚禮，不過我當時正在紐約出差。根據句中的but可知“參加妹妹的婚禮”只是一種假設，根據空后的時間狀語last Tuesday可知，動作發生在過去，此處表示與過去事實相反的假設，故謂語用“had＋過去分詞”結構。故答案為had been。

　　2．(2024·安徽，32改編)It is lucky we booked a room，or we ________have nowhere to stay now.

　　答案：would/could/should/might　句意為：幸虧我們預訂了一個房間，要不然我們現在就無處可呆了。根據語境可知，or后面的句子表示與現在事實相反的情況，此處為含蓄虛擬語氣，句子謂語動詞用“would/could/should/might＋動詞原形”結構。

　　3．(2024·四川成都二診改編)Film reviewers are surprised to find that Han Han's first film, The Contrinent, ________ be such a huge success.

　　答案：should　句意為：影評家們很吃驚地發現韓寒的第一部電影《后會無期》，竟然獲得如此巨大的成功。表示“竟然”應用should。

　　4．(2024·浙江杭州地區七校模擬改編)When you phoned me, I was having a meeting; how I wish I ________(answer) your call.

　　答案：had answered　句意為：當你給我打電話的時候，我正在開會。我多么希望我(之前)接了你的電話。wish后的從句中用虛擬語氣，根據句意可知是對過去情況的虛擬，所以謂語動詞用had done形式。

　　5．(2024·湖南懷化質檢改編)Had it not been for my teacher's help, I wouldn't________(win)the first place in contest.

　　答案：have won　條件從句中的謂語動詞用“had＋過去分詞”，主句中的謂語動詞用“should/would/could/might＋have done”。根據句意答案為have won。

　　6．(2024·湖南，22改編)If Mr.Dewey ______(be) present, he would have offered any possible assistance to the people there.

　　答案：had been　句意為：如果杜威先生在場的話，他就會為那里的人提供任何可能的幫助。從主句中的would have offered可以看出，從句表示與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣，故應用過去完成時。

　　7．(2024·甘肅天水一中段考改編)John wants to see me now, but I have so much work on hand that I would rather he ________(come) tomorrow than today.

　　答案：came　would rather后面接從句時，從句中的謂語動詞通常要用一般過去時，表示對現在或將來的假設。

　　8．(2024·陜西，17改編)If my car______(be)more reliable，I would have driven to Lhasa instead of flying last summer.

　　答案：had been　句意為：如果我的車更可靠點兒的話，我去年夏天就會開車去拉薩，而不是坐飛機去了。根據語境可知，此處是對過去事實的虛擬，故if條件句用過去完成時，主句謂語用“would/could/might/should＋have＋過去分詞”。

　　9．(2024·北京，34改編)If I________(see) it with my own eyes，I wouldn't have believed it.

　　答案：hadn't seen　根據主句中“wouldn't have believed”可以判斷是對過去的虛擬。句意：如果不是我親眼看到，我不會相信。

　　10．(2024·陜西，23改編)Ellen is a fantastic dancer.I wish I ________(dance) as well as her.

　　答案：danced　wish后接從句，從句用虛擬語氣。敘述與現在事實相反，謂語動詞用過去式(be用were)；敘述與將來事實相反，謂語動詞用could/should/would do；敘述與過去事實相反，謂語動詞用had done。由語境可知，此處表示與現在事實相反，故謂語動詞用過去式。句意：艾倫是一位了不起的舞蹈家。要是我能跳得像她一樣好那該有多好啊。

　　.語法填空

　　在空白處填入適當的內容(1個單詞)或括號內單詞的正確形式。

　　(2024·廣東省六校聯考改編)

　　Drunk driving, a major concern currently, is not a funny thing, __1__ has killed many people and ruined the lives of many others. At present, traffic accidents become “the world's first harm”．

　　Two months ago, after __2__(drink) a lot of alcohol, my friend's uncle drove his car home. He was __3__(heavy) drunk, but he still drove home by himself. On the road near his home, an old lady was going across the road, __4__ his uncle didn't notice her and he was still moving on under the influence of alcohol. And __5__ old lady didn't see his uncle, either. In the end, the lady died.

　　__6__ it not been for his uncle's drunkenness, the terrible accident would not have happened. If the lady __7__(die), she would live a happy life with her daughters and sons. And his uncle's home was also destroyed by his uncle. Therefore, two __8__(family) were destroyed.

　　I wish more people __9__(can) realize the seriousness of drunk driving and obey the traffic regulations faithfully. Always remember: refuse __10__(drink) and drive, and give a safe world to you and me!

　　1．______　2.______　3.______　4.______　5.______

　　6．______　7.______　8.______　9.______　10.______

　　答案：

　　1．which　thing后是非限制性定語從句，引導詞在從句中作主語，故填which。

　　2．drinking　after在此是介詞，后跟動名詞。

　　3．heavily　修飾was drunk用副詞。

　　4．but　由didn't notice判斷，該空所用詞表示轉折，故填but。

　　5．the　特指上文提到的lady，故填定冠詞。

　　6．Had　根據主句中的would not have happened判斷，逗號前面是一個虛擬語氣的條件句，句子的謂語應用had done形式；但是因為省略了if，所以要把had提前到句首，由此可判斷出該空填Had。

　　7．hadn't died　if引導的是一個與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣句子，故應用過去完成時，填hadn't died。

　　8．families　集體名詞family在此是被看作整體，此處指“兩個家庭”，應用其復數形式families。

　　9．could　wish后的從句用虛擬語氣，此處表示與現在事實相反的情況，所以填could。

　　10．to drink　refuse后用動詞不定式作賓語，refuse to do sth.“拒絕做某事”。

　　語法專題7 虛擬語氣

　　Ⅰ.單句語法填空

　　1．(2024·天津，13改編)I wish I________(be) at my sister's wedding last Tuesday，but I was on a business trip in New York then.

　　答案：had been　利用虛擬語氣考查時態。句意為：我真希望上周二參加了妹妹的婚禮，不過我當時正在紐約出差。根據句中的but可知“參加妹妹的婚禮”只是一種假設，根據空后的時間狀語last Tuesday可知，動作發生在過去，此處表示與過去事實相反的假設，故謂語用“had＋過去分詞”結構。故答案為had been。

　　2．(2024·安徽，32改編)It is lucky we booked a room，or we ________have nowhere to stay now.

　　答案：would/could/should/might　句意為：幸虧我們預訂了一個房間，要不然我們現在就無處可呆了。根據語境可知，or后面的句子表示與現在事實相反的情況，此處為含蓄虛擬語氣，句子謂語動詞用“would/could/should/might＋動詞原形”結構。

　　3．(2024·四川成都二診改編)Film reviewers are surprised to find that Han Han's first film, The Contrinent, ________ be such a huge success.

　　答案：should　句意為：影評家們很吃驚地發現韓寒的第一部電影《后會無期》，竟然獲得如此巨大的成功。表示“竟然”應用should。

　　4．(2024·浙江杭州地區七校模擬改編)When you phoned me, I was having a meeting; how I wish I ________(answer) your call.

　　答案：had answered　句意為：當你給我打電話的時候，我正在開會。我多么希望我(之前)接了你的電話。wish后的從句中用虛擬語氣，根據句意可知是對過去情況的虛擬，所以謂語動詞用had done形式。

　　5．(2024·湖南懷化質檢改編)Had it not been for my teacher's help, I wouldn't________(win)the first place in contest.

　　答案：have won　條件從句中的謂語動詞用“had＋過去分詞”，主句中的謂語動詞用“should/would/could/might＋have done”。根據句意答案為have won。

　　6．(2024·湖南，22改編)If Mr.Dewey ______(be) present, he would have offered any possible assistance to the people there.

　　答案：had been　句意為：如果杜威先生在場的話，他就會為那里的人提供任何可能的幫助。從主句中的would have offered可以看出，從句表示與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣，故應用過去完成時。

　　7．(2024·甘肅天水一中段考改編)John wants to see me now, but I have so much work on hand that I would rather he ________(come) tomorrow than today.

　　答案：came　would rather后面接從句時，從句中的謂語動詞通常要用一般過去時，表示對現在或將來的假設。

　　8．(2024·陜西，17改編)If my car______(be)more reliable，I would have driven to Lhasa instead of flying last summer.

　　答案：had been　句意為：如果我的車更可靠點兒的話，我去年夏天就會開車去拉薩，而不是坐飛機去了。根據語境可知，此處是對過去事實的虛擬，故if條件句用過去完成時，主句謂語用“would/could/might/should＋have＋過去分詞”。

　　9．(2024·北京，34改編)If I________(see) it with my own eyes，I wouldn't have believed it.

　　答案：hadn't seen　根據主句中“wouldn't have believed”可以判斷是對過去的虛擬。句意：如果不是我親眼看到，我不會相信。

　　10．(2024·陜西，23改編)Ellen is a fantastic dancer.I wish I ________(dance) as well as her.

　　答案：danced　wish后接從句，從句用虛擬語氣。敘述與現在事實相反，謂語動詞用過去式(be用were)；敘述與將來事實相反，謂語動詞用could/should/would do；敘述與過去事實相反，謂語動詞用had done。由語境可知，此處表示與現在事實相反，故謂語動詞用過去式。句意：艾倫是一位了不起的舞蹈家。要是我能跳得像她一樣好那該有多好啊。

　　.語法填空

　　在空白處填入適當的內容(1個單詞)或括號內單詞的正確形式。

　　(2024·廣東省六校聯考改編)

　　Drunk driving, a major concern currently, is not a funny thing, __1__ has killed many people and ruined the lives of many others. At present, traffic accidents become “the world's first harm”．

　　Two months ago, after __2__(drink) a lot of alcohol, my friend's uncle drove his car home. He was __3__(heavy) drunk, but he still drove home by himself. On the road near his home, an old lady was going across the road, __4__ his uncle didn't notice her and he was still moving on under the influence of alcohol. And __5__ old lady didn't see his uncle, either. In the end, the lady died.

　　__6__ it not been for his uncle's drunkenness, the terrible accident would not have happened. If the lady __7__(die), she would live a happy life with her daughters and sons. And his uncle's home was also destroyed by his uncle. Therefore, two __8__(family) were destroyed.

　　I wish more people __9__(can) realize the seriousness of drunk driving and obey the traffic regulations faithfully. Always remember: refuse __10__(drink) and drive, and give a safe world to you and me!

　　1．______　2.______　3.______　4.______　5.______

　　6．______　7.______　8.______　9.______　10.______

　　答案：

　　1．which　thing后是非限制性定語從句，引導詞在從句中作主語，故填which。

　　2．drinking　after在此是介詞，后跟動名詞。

　　3．heavily　修飾was drunk用副詞。

　　4．but　由didn't notice判斷，該空所用詞表示轉折，故填but。

　　5．the　特指上文提到的lady，故填定冠詞。

　　6．Had　根據主句中的would not have happened判斷，逗號前面是一個虛擬語氣的條件句，句子的謂語應用had done形式；但是因為省略了if，所以要把had提前到句首，由此可判斷出該空填Had。

　　7．hadn't died　if引導的是一個與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣句子，故應用過去完成時，填hadn't died。

　　8．families　集體名詞family在此是被看作整體，此處指“兩個家庭”，應用其復數形式families。

　　9．could　wish后的從句用虛擬語氣，此處表示與現在事實相反的情況，所以填could。

　　10．to drink　refuse后用動詞不定式作賓語，refuse to do sth.“拒絕做某事”。