2024屆高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí)微專(zhuān)題強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練：1 語(yǔ)法必備 6 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞與虛擬語(yǔ)氣

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　　情態(tài)動(dòng)詞與虛擬語(yǔ)氣

　　一、單句填空

　　1．(2024·北京，29改編)—Can't you stay a little longer?

　　—It's getting late.I really________go now. My daughter is home alone.

　　答案：must　句意為：——你不能再呆一會(huì)兒?jiǎn)幔俊焐砹恕Ｎ艺娴谋仨毜米吡恕Ｎ遗畠阂粋€(gè)人在家。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境中“天晚了”和“女兒一個(gè)人在家”可知，這里表示必須得走了。must意為“必須”。

　　2．(2024·安徽黃山第二次質(zhì)檢改編)—I'm afraid I have to leave now, for you see, he is waiting for me.

　　—Well, if you ________， at least wait till the heavy rain stops.

　　答案：must　句意為：——恐怕現(xiàn)在我不得不離開(kāi)了，因?yàn)槟阒溃诘任摇！玫模绻惴堑米撸辽僖鹊酱笥晖Ａ嗽僮摺８鶕?jù)語(yǔ)境可知填must，意為“偏要；非得”。

　　3．(2024·陜西，25改編)My book，The House of Hades, is missing.Who ______ have taken it?

　　答案：could　句意為：我那本《決戰(zhàn)冥王圣殿》不見(jiàn)了。誰(shuí)會(huì)把它拿走了呢？由句意可知，設(shè)空處表示說(shuō)話(huà)者對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生事情的一種疑問(wèn)的推測(cè)，故填could。

　　4．(2024·安徽，32改編)It is lucky we booked a room，or we ________have nowhere to stay now.

　　答案：would/could/should/might　句意為：幸虧我們預(yù)訂了一個(gè)房間，要不然我們現(xiàn)在就無(wú)處可呆了。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，or后面的句子表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的情況，此處為含蓄虛擬語(yǔ)氣，句子謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用“would/could/should/might＋動(dòng)詞原形”結(jié)構(gòu)。

　　5．(2024·四川成都二診改編)Film reviewers are surprised to find that Han Han's first film, The Contrinent, ________ be such a huge success.

　　答案：should　句意為：影評(píng)家們很吃驚地發(fā)現(xiàn)韓寒的第一部電影《后會(huì)無(wú)期》，竟然獲得如此巨大的成功。表示“竟然”應(yīng)用should。

　　6．(2024·浙江杭州地區(qū)七校模擬改編)When you phoned me, I was having a meeting; how I wish I ________(answer) your call.

　　答案：had answered　句意為：當(dāng)你給我打電話(huà)的時(shí)候，我正在開(kāi)會(huì)。我多么希望我(之前)接了你的電話(huà)。wish后的從句中用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，根據(jù)句意可知是對(duì)過(guò)去情況的虛擬，所以謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用had done形式。

　　7．(2024·湖南懷化質(zhì)檢改編)Had it not been for my teacher's help, I wouldn't________(win)the first place in contest.

　　答案：have won　條件從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用“had＋過(guò)去分詞”，主句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用“should/would/could/might＋have done”。根據(jù)句意答案為have won。

　　8．(2024·湖南，22改編)If Mr.Dewey ______(be) present, he would have offered any possible assistance to the people there.

　　答案：had been　句意為：如果杜威先生在場(chǎng)的話(huà)，他就會(huì)為那里的人提供任何可能的幫助。從主句中的would have offered可以看出，從句表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣，故應(yīng)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。

　　9．(2024·甘肅天水一中段考改編)John wants to see me now, but I have so much work on hand that I would rather he ________(come) tomorrow than today.

　　答案：came　would rather后面接從句時(shí)，從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常要用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)的假設(shè)。

　　10．(2024·陜西，17改編)If my car______(be)more reliable，I would have driven to Lhasa instead of flying last summer.

　　答案：had been　句意為：如果我的車(chē)更可靠點(diǎn)兒的話(huà)，我去年夏天就會(huì)開(kāi)車(chē)去拉薩，而不是坐飛機(jī)去了。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處是對(duì)過(guò)去事實(shí)的虛擬，故if條件句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，主句謂語(yǔ)用“would/could/might/should＋have＋過(guò)去分詞”。

　　11．(2024·北京，34改編)If I________(see) it with my own eyes，I wouldn't have believed it.

　　答案：hadn't seen　根據(jù)主句中“wouldn't have believed”可以判斷是對(duì)過(guò)去的虛擬。句意：如果不是我親眼看到，我不會(huì)相信。

　　12．(2024·天津，7改編)I ________have worried before I came to the new school，for my classmates here are very friendly to me.

　　答案：needn't　needn't have done為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞中表虛擬的用法，意思為“本不必做某事卻做了”。

　　13．(2024·陜西，21改編)You ________feel all the training a waste of time，but I'm a hundred percent sure later you'll be grateful you did it.

　　答案：may　情態(tài)動(dòng)詞may表推測(cè)時(shí)，意為“或許，可能”。句意：你或許覺(jué)得所有的訓(xùn)練都是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間，但是我敢百分百保證，你以后一定會(huì)感恩你這么做了。

　　14．(2024·陜西，23改編)Ellen is a fantastic dancer.I wish I ________(dance) as well as her.

　　答案：danced　wish后接從句，從句用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。敘述與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式(be用were)；敘述與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用could/should/would do；敘述與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用had done。由語(yǔ)境可知，此處表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，故謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式。句意：艾倫是一位了不起的舞蹈家。要是我能跳得像她一樣好那該有多好啊。

　　15．(2024·福建，27改編)—Sorry，Mum！I failed the job interview again.

　　—Oh，it's too bad.You ________ have made full preparations.

　　答案：should　should have done本應(yīng)該干某事而事實(shí)上沒(méi)干。由failed可知“我”沒(méi)做好充分的準(zhǔn)備，因此用should have done。

　　二、語(yǔ)法填空

　　(2024·廣東省六校聯(lián)考改編)

　　Drunk driving, a major concern currently, is not a funny thing, __1__ has killed many people and ruined the lives of many others.

　　At present,

　　traffic accidents become “the world's first harm”．

　　Two months ago, after __2__(drink) a lot of alcohol, my friend's uncle drove his car home. He was __3__(heavy) drunk, but he still drove home by himself. On the road near his home, an old lady was going across the road, __4__ his uncle didn't notice her and he was still moving on under the influence of alcohol. And __5__ old lady didn't see his uncle, either. In the end, the lady died.

　　__6__ it not been for his uncle's drunkenness, the terrible accident would not have happened. If the lady __7__(die), she would live a happy life with her daughters and sons. And his uncle's home was also destroyed by his uncle.

　　Therefore,

　　two __8__(family) were destroyed.

　　I wish more people __9__(can) realize the seriousness

　　drunk

　　driving

　　and

　　obey

　　the

　　traffic regulationsfaithfully.Alwaysremember：refuse __10__(drink) and drive, and give a safe world to you and me!

　　1．______ 2.______ 3.______ 4.______ 5.______

　　6．______ 7.______ 8.______ 9.______ 10.______

　　答案：

　　1．which　thing后是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)，故填which。

　　2．drinking　after在此是介詞，后跟動(dòng)名詞。

　　3．heavily　修飾was drunk用副詞。

　　4．but　由didn't notice判斷，該空所用詞表示轉(zhuǎn)折，故填but。

　　5．the　特指上文提到的lady，故填定冠詞。

　　6．Had　根據(jù)主句中的would not have happened判斷，逗號(hào)前面是一個(gè)虛擬語(yǔ)氣的條件句，句子的謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)用had done形式；但是因?yàn)槭÷粤薸f，所以要把had提前到句首，由此可判斷出該空填Had。

　　7．hadn't died　if引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣句子，故應(yīng)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，填hadn't died。

　　8．families　集體名詞family在此是被看作整體，此處指“兩個(gè)家庭”，應(yīng)用其復(fù)數(shù)形式families。

　　9．could　wish后的從句用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，此處表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的情況，所以填could。

　　10．to drink　refuse后用動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)，refuse to do sth.“拒絕做某事”。

　　三、語(yǔ)法填空

　　(2024·長(zhǎng)春市二模)

　　A man went to a barbershop to have his hair cut. As the barber began to work, they started chatting. They talked __1__ so many things and various subjects. When they __2__(final) touched on the subject of God, the barber said，“I don't believe that God exists.”

　　“Why do you say that？” asked the customer.

　　“Well, you just have to go out in

　　__3__

　　street to prove that. Tell me, if God existed, would there be so many sick people? Would there be abandoned children? If God existed, there

　　__4__ be neither suffering nor pain. I can't imagine __5__(love) a God who would allow all of these things to happen.”

　　The customer thought for a moment, but didn't respond because he didn't want to start an __6__(argue). After everything __7__(do) and just after he left the barber's, he saw a man in the street with long dirty hair. The customer entered the barber's again and said, “You know what?

　　__8__ do not exist. ”

　　“How can you say that？” asked the surprised Barber. “I am here, and I am a barber. And I just __9__(work) on you！”

　　“No！” the customer said. “barbers don't exist because __10__

　　they did, there would be no people with dirty long hair, like that man outside.”

　　1．______ 2.______ 3.______ 4.______ 5.______

　　6．______ 7.______ 8.______ 9.______ 10.______

　　文章大意：本文是一篇記敘文，講述了一名機(jī)智的顧客用詼諧的語(yǔ)言來(lái)反駁理發(fā)師的“上帝不存在”觀點(diǎn)的故事。

　　1．答案：about　talk about sth.為固定短語(yǔ)，意為“談?wù)撃呈隆薄９侍頰bout。

　　2．答案：finally　空格處修飾整個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，應(yīng)用副詞。故填finally。

　　3．答案：the　in the street為固定短語(yǔ)，意為“在大街上”。故填the。

　　4．答案：would/should/could/might　分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此句為表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣，主句應(yīng)用“would/should/could/might＋do”形式。故填would/should/could/might。

　　5．答案：loving　imagine后的動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用-ing形式，故填loving。

　　6．答案：argument　因?yàn)榭崭袂坝胁欢ü谠~an，所以空格處應(yīng)用argue的名詞形式。故填argument。

　　7．答案：was done　分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處缺少謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，且應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。再結(jié)合文章的時(shí)態(tài)是一般過(guò)去時(shí)可知，應(yīng)填was done。

　　8．答案：Barbers　根據(jù)下文中的“Barbers don't exist”可知，此處應(yīng)填Barbers。

　　9．答案：worked　分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處缺少謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，且由于理發(fā)師剛給這位顧客理了發(fā)，故應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故填worked。

　　10．答案：if　此處缺少引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句“________ they did”的連詞if，表示“如果理發(fā)師真的存在……”。

　　四、短文改錯(cuò)

　　Nothing is impossible! If you have a dream, your dream will must come true as long as you always work hard. To tell you truth, my dream is common. I want to be a doctor. There was a time that I was in hospital. I saw with my own eyes that a doctor fights all night to save a baby's life. I was touched by the kindly behavior of the doctor. I think doctors are the greatest. We can make patients recover from a disease. However, I am determined to be a doctor to help whomever suffers from illnesses. I hope that I am able to help people keep healthy. At the same time, I will devote myself to treat patients. In a word, if I become a doctor in the future, I will try my best to help each patient. From now on, I will spare no effort to study every subjects so that I can go to a key university.

　　答案：

　　Nothing is impossible! If you have a dream, your dream will must come true as long as you always work hard. To tell you

　　truth, my dream is common. I want to be a doctor. There was a time

　　I was in hospital. I saw with my own eyes that a doctor

　　all night to save a baby's life. I was touched by the

　　behavior of the doctor. I think doctors are the greatest.

　　can make patients recover from a disease. ， I am determined to be a doctor to help

　　suffers from illnesses. I hope that I am able to help people keep healthy. At the same time, I will devote myself to

　　patients. In a word, if I become a doctor in the future, I will try my best to help each patient. From now on, I will spare no effort to study every

　　so that I can go to a key university.

　　解析：

　　第一處：去掉must　will后跟實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，不可跟情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。

　　萋二處：you后加the　to tell you the truth是固定表達(dá)，意為“說(shuō)實(shí)話(huà)”。

　　第三處：that→when　定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞a time，引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，故用when。

　　第四處：fights→fought　描述過(guò)去的故事，要用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，fight的過(guò)去式是fought。

　　第五處：kindly→kind　修飾名詞behavior要用形容詞。

　　第六處：We→They　指代前一句中的doctors，用第三人稱(chēng)they。

　　第七處：However→Therefore　根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系可知此處表示“因此”，引出結(jié)果；however表轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。

　　第八處：whomever→whoever　賓語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)，要用whoever。

　　第九處：treat→treating　devote oneself to結(jié)構(gòu)中的to是介詞，后跟名詞或動(dòng)名詞。

　　第十處：subjects→subject　every后跟可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)。