2024屆高考英語高頻詞匯必備及訓(xùn)練：2 Word版含答案
1.suffer vt.& vi.
suffer作及物動(dòng)詞，但無被動(dòng)語態(tài)，賓語常是pain，loss，defeat，punishment，hardship等。而suffer from表示“遭受……之苦，患某種疾病”。
(1)vt.遭受，經(jīng)歷
This area suffered a great loss in the earthquake.
這一地區(qū)在地震中遭受重大損失。
The Democrats suffered a crushing defeat in the last election.民主黨在上次選舉中遭遇了慘敗。He suffered great pain/no pain.
他遭受了很大的痛苦/沒遭受痛苦。
(2)vi.受苦；患病(常與from連用，意思為“因……而受苦，受……之苦”)
【拓展】
suffering n．痛苦；苦難，但指種種苦難、痛苦時(shí)常用復(fù)數(shù)。
He died without any suffering.
他死時(shí)沒有任何痛苦。
He told me all about his sufferings.
他告訴我他所經(jīng)歷的種種苦難。
(1)He
would rather________death than let out the secret.
A．suffer
B．suffer from
C．be suffered
D．be suffering
(2)________such heavy pollution already，it may now be too late to clean up the river.
A．Having suffered
B．Suffering
C．To suffer
D．Suffer
2.pressure n．壓，按；壓力；艱難
The team performs well under pressure.
這個(gè)隊(duì)在壓力下表現(xiàn)良好。
The barriers gave way under the pressure of the crowd.
擁擠的人群把路障推倒了。
She's got a lot of pressure on her at work just now.
她現(xiàn)在工作壓力很大。
考點(diǎn)提示：
under the pressure of 在……的壓力下
come/go under pressure
在壓力/強(qiáng)制下
bring...under pressure
壓制……
put/bring pressure on
給……壓力；強(qiáng)迫
cause pressure
造成壓力
suffer pressure
承受壓力
Life is tough in the city.In order to lose their ________ some people drink alcohol.
A．temper
B．mood
C．consciousness
D．press
完成句子
(1)He had to leave the girl who he loved so deeply_________(在……的壓力下)public opinion.
(2)Advertisements______________(迫使)girls to be thin.
3.reduce
(1)vt.減少，降低(翻譯較靈活)
reduce expenses 縮減開支
reduce the price
降低價(jià)格
reduce the pressure
減輕壓力
The plane reduced speed as it approached the airport.
當(dāng)飛臨機(jī)場(chǎng)時(shí)，飛機(jī)減慢了速度。
(2)vi.縮減到(＋to)；縮減了(＋by)
We had to reduce the price from 5 dollars to 3 dollars.
我們不得不把價(jià)格從5美元降到3美元。
That is to say，we have to reduce the price by 2 dollars.
那就是說我們不得不降價(jià)2美元。
考點(diǎn)提示：
表示“增加”的詞有：increase，rise，go up
表示“減少”的詞有：decrease，reduce，go down，drop
單項(xiàng)填空
(1)She reduced her weight ________ 5 kilograms.
A．to
B．towards
C．for
D．by
(2)—The cars give off a great deal of waste gas into streets.
—Yes.But I'm sure something will be done to ________ air pollution.
A．reduce
B．remove
C．collect
D．warn
4.diet n．飲食，節(jié)食
作可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，常指為了某種特定的目的，定質(zhì)、定量的飲食。
be on a diet在節(jié)食，在減肥
She couldn't help eating delicious fish and meat，though she is on a diet.盡管她在減肥，但還是忍不住吃些魚和肉。
用food，diet填空
(1)I can smell the delicious ________ on the table.
(2)A healthy________ can benefit you a lot.
5.care v. ①介意，關(guān)心，關(guān)注 ②照顧，照料 n. ①擔(dān)心，煩惱 ②[U]照料，護(hù)理 ③注意，小心[同attention; caution]
完成句子
①注意不要把這嬰兒吵醒了。
__________________ that you don't wake the baby.
②她在照料我的嬰兒。
She is ___________________________ my baby.
③只要你答應(yīng)把我的照相機(jī)保管好就可以借去用。
You can borrow my camera if you promise to________________________________ it.
用about, for填空
④Einstein who cared little ________ money never cared ________ his salary.
⑤Would you care ________ some coffee?
6.catch v．①抓住，接住 ②趕上，搭上(車、船等)[反miss] ③理解，聽懂[同understand; follow] ④感染(疾病) ⑤撞上，偶然發(fā)現(xiàn) ⑥吸引，引起(注意等)
完成句子/英譯漢/單項(xiàng)選擇
①老師捉住他考試舞弊。
The teacher caught him ________ in the exam.
[被動(dòng)語態(tài)] He ___________________________.
②要是你耽誤很多課，你會(huì)很難趕上的。
If you miss a lot of lessons, it's very difficult
③At rush hour we are often caught in traffic.
_____________________________________________
④The painting on the wall caught my eye.
_____________________________________________
⑤I didn't catch what you said.
_____________________________________________
⑥The owner scolded the girl caught ________ flowers in his garden and let her off.
A. picking
B. to pick
C. to have picked
D. to be picking
用catch up with或keep up with填空
⑦別跑了，我趕不上你了。
Don't run — I can't ________________________ you.
⑧為了跟上那些優(yōu)秀學(xué)生，我們得努力學(xué)習(xí)了。
We have to work hard to _________ those excellent students.
7.prefer vt.寧可，寧愿；更喜歡
I prefer not to think about it.我不想考慮此事。
Would you prefer me to stay？你愿意我留下來嗎？
考點(diǎn)提示：
prefer＋名詞/代詞 更喜歡……
prefer to/do
更愿意做……(傾向具體的動(dòng)作)
prefer doing
更愿意做……(傾向普遍的行為習(xí)慣)
prefer sb to do
更愿意某人做……
prefer that-clause
更愿意……(從句中常用虛擬語氣，即“主語＋should do”，should可省略)
prefer to do A rather than do B 寧愿做A而不做B
prefer(doing)A to(doing)B 寧愿做A而不做B
(1)On a cold day he prefers ________ out to play football ________ at home.
A．going；rather stay
B．going；to staying
C．to go；rather than staying
D．to go；rather than to stay
(2)He prefers ________ lectures to the students to ________ to different boring conferences.
A．to give；be invited
B．give；be invited
C．giving；be invited
D．giving；being invited
8.advertisement n．廣告(簡寫ad.)
Put an advertisement in the newspaper.在報(bào)紙上登廣告。
She scanned the job/property advertisements in the paper.
她瀏覽了一下報(bào)紙的招聘/房地產(chǎn)廣告。[劍橋高階]
考點(diǎn)提示：
(1)advertise v．登廣告，作廣告
advertise
sth
宣傳某物，為某物作廣告
advertise for
sth /sb
登廣告征尋/招聘某物/人
(2)advertiser n.
做廣告的人
(3)advertising n.
廣告業(yè)
用advertise的適當(dāng)形式填空
(1)They put ________ in the newspapers to ________ their new cars.
(2)With the development of ________，many ________ find their way to prove their abilities.
9.damage v. 損害，毀壞 n. 損害，損壞，損失
完成句子
①這次地震使一些建筑受到了破壞。
The earthquake ____________________________.
②火災(zāi)造成房屋嚴(yán)重?fù)p毀。
The fire ____________________________ the houses.
③洪水使這個(gè)村子受到了嚴(yán)重破壞。
The village ___________________________ the flood.
10.danger
n. 危險(xiǎn)[反safety]
用dangerous, in danger填空
①That dog is ill and ________________.
②That dog is ________________； it may bite.
答案：1.(1)A (2)A
D [句意：城市生活很艱難，許多人為了緩解壓力而喝啤酒。lose one's pressure 緩解壓力；mood 情緒；consciousness 意識(shí)；temper 脾氣。]
(1)under the pressure of (2)put pressure on
3.(1)D [reduce...by...“把……減少了”；reduce...to“把……減少到”。句意：她體重減了5公斤。]
(2)A [句意：——汽車在街上放出許多廢氣。——是的，但是我相信一定會(huì)采取措施來降低污染的。reduce減少，降低；remove移開；collect收集；warn警告。]
4.(1)food (2)diet
5.①Take care ②taking care of ③take good care of ④for; about ⑤for
6.①cheating; was caught cheating in the exam ②to catch up
③在交通高峰時(shí)間我們經(jīng)常遇到堵車。 ④墻上的畫吸引了我。⑤我沒聽懂你說的話。
⑥A 該題考查catch sb. doing sth.這一結(jié)構(gòu)，其被動(dòng)形式為sb. be caught doing sth.。該句中caught是過去分詞作后置定語，修飾the girl，相當(dāng)于who was caught stealing。
⑦catch up with
⑧keep/catch up with
7.(1)B (2)D
8.(1)advertisements；advertise
(2)advertising；advertisers
9.①damaged several buildings
②caused a lot of damage to
③suffered serious damage from
10.①in danger ②dangerous
1.suffer vt.& vi.
suffer作及物動(dòng)詞，但無被動(dòng)語態(tài)，賓語常是pain，loss，defeat，punishment，hardship等。而suffer from表示“遭受……之苦，患某種疾病”。
(1)vt.遭受，經(jīng)歷
This area suffered a great loss in the earthquake.
這一地區(qū)在地震中遭受重大損失。
The Democrats suffered a crushing defeat in the last election.民主黨在上次選舉中遭遇了慘敗。He suffered great pain/no pain.
他遭受了很大的痛苦/沒遭受痛苦。
(2)vi.受苦；患病(常與from連用，意思為“因……而受苦，受……之苦”)
【拓展】
suffering n．痛苦；苦難，但指種種苦難、痛苦時(shí)常用復(fù)數(shù)。
He died without any suffering.
他死時(shí)沒有任何痛苦。
He told me all about his sufferings.
他告訴我他所經(jīng)歷的種種苦難。
(1)He
would rather________death than let out the secret.
A．suffer
B．suffer from
C．be suffered
D．be suffering
(2)________such heavy pollution already，it may now be too late to clean up the river.
A．Having suffered
B．Suffering
C．To suffer
D．Suffer
2.pressure n．壓，按；壓力；艱難
The team performs well under pressure.
這個(gè)隊(duì)在壓力下表現(xiàn)良好。
The barriers gave way under the pressure of the crowd.
擁擠的人群把路障推倒了。
She's got a lot of pressure on her at work just now.
她現(xiàn)在工作壓力很大。
考點(diǎn)提示：
under the pressure of 在……的壓力下
come/go under pressure
在壓力/強(qiáng)制下
bring...under pressure
壓制……
put/bring pressure on
給……壓力；強(qiáng)迫
cause pressure
造成壓力
suffer pressure
承受壓力
Life is tough in the city.In order to lose their ________ some people drink alcohol.
A．temper
B．mood
C．consciousness
D．press
完成句子
(1)He had to leave the girl who he loved so deeply_________(在……的壓力下)public opinion.
(2)Advertisements______________(迫使)girls to be thin.
3.reduce
(1)vt.減少，降低(翻譯較靈活)
reduce expenses 縮減開支
reduce the price
降低價(jià)格
reduce the pressure
減輕壓力
The plane reduced speed as it approached the airport.
當(dāng)飛臨機(jī)場(chǎng)時(shí)，飛機(jī)減慢了速度。
(2)vi.縮減到(＋to)；縮減了(＋by)
We had to reduce the price from 5 dollars to 3 dollars.
我們不得不把價(jià)格從5美元降到3美元。
That is to say，we have to reduce the price by 2 dollars.
那就是說我們不得不降價(jià)2美元。
考點(diǎn)提示：
表示“增加”的詞有：increase，rise，go up
表示“減少”的詞有：decrease，reduce，go down，drop
單項(xiàng)填空
(1)She reduced her weight ________ 5 kilograms.
A．to
B．towards
C．for
D．by
(2)—The cars give off a great deal of waste gas into streets.
—Yes.But I'm sure something will be done to ________ air pollution.
A．reduce
B．remove
C．collect
D．warn
4.diet n．飲食，節(jié)食
作可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，常指為了某種特定的目的，定質(zhì)、定量的飲食。
be on a diet在節(jié)食，在減肥
She couldn't help eating delicious fish and meat，though she is on a diet.盡管她在減肥，但還是忍不住吃些魚和肉。
用food，diet填空
(1)I can smell the delicious ________ on the table.
(2)A healthy________ can benefit you a lot.
5.care v. ①介意，關(guān)心，關(guān)注 ②照顧，照料 n. ①擔(dān)心，煩惱 ②[U]照料，護(hù)理 ③注意，小心[同attention; caution]
完成句子
①注意不要把這嬰兒吵醒了。
__________________ that you don't wake the baby.
②她在照料我的嬰兒。
She is ___________________________ my baby.
③只要你答應(yīng)把我的照相機(jī)保管好就可以借去用。
You can borrow my camera if you promise to________________________________ it.
用about, for填空
④Einstein who cared little ________ money never cared ________ his salary.
⑤Would you care ________ some coffee?
6.catch v．①抓住，接住 ②趕上，搭上(車、船等)[反miss] ③理解，聽懂[同understand; follow] ④感染(疾病) ⑤撞上，偶然發(fā)現(xiàn) ⑥吸引，引起(注意等)
完成句子/英譯漢/單項(xiàng)選擇
①老師捉住他考試舞弊。
The teacher caught him ________ in the exam.
[被動(dòng)語態(tài)] He ___________________________.
②要是你耽誤很多課，你會(huì)很難趕上的。
If you miss a lot of lessons, it's very difficult
③At rush hour we are often caught in traffic.
_____________________________________________
④The painting on the wall caught my eye.
_____________________________________________
⑤I didn't catch what you said.
_____________________________________________
⑥The owner scolded the girl caught ________ flowers in his garden and let her off.
A. picking
B. to pick
C. to have picked
D. to be picking
用catch up with或keep up with填空
⑦別跑了，我趕不上你了。
Don't run — I can't ________________________ you.
⑧為了跟上那些優(yōu)秀學(xué)生，我們得努力學(xué)習(xí)了。
We have to work hard to _________ those excellent students.
7.prefer vt.寧可，寧愿；更喜歡
I prefer not to think about it.我不想考慮此事。
Would you prefer me to stay？你愿意我留下來嗎？
考點(diǎn)提示：
prefer＋名詞/代詞 更喜歡……
prefer to/do
更愿意做……(傾向具體的動(dòng)作)
prefer doing
更愿意做……(傾向普遍的行為習(xí)慣)
prefer sb to do
更愿意某人做……
prefer that-clause
更愿意……(從句中常用虛擬語氣，即“主語＋should do”，should可省略)
prefer to do A rather than do B 寧愿做A而不做B
prefer(doing)A to(doing)B 寧愿做A而不做B
(1)On a cold day he prefers ________ out to play football ________ at home.
A．going；rather stay
B．going；to staying
C．to go；rather than staying
D．to go；rather than to stay
(2)He prefers ________ lectures to the students to ________ to different boring conferences.
A．to give；be invited
B．give；be invited
C．giving；be invited
D．giving；being invited
8.advertisement n．廣告(簡寫ad.)
Put an advertisement in the newspaper.在報(bào)紙上登廣告。
She scanned the job/property advertisements in the paper.
她瀏覽了一下報(bào)紙的招聘/房地產(chǎn)廣告。[劍橋高階]
考點(diǎn)提示：
(1)advertise v．登廣告，作廣告
advertise
sth
宣傳某物，為某物作廣告
advertise for
sth /sb
登廣告征尋/招聘某物/人
(2)advertiser n.
做廣告的人
(3)advertising n.
廣告業(yè)
用advertise的適當(dāng)形式填空
(1)They put ________ in the newspapers to ________ their new cars.
(2)With the development of ________，many ________ find their way to prove their abilities.
9.damage v. 損害，毀壞 n. 損害，損壞，損失
完成句子
①這次地震使一些建筑受到了破壞。
The earthquake ____________________________.
②火災(zāi)造成房屋嚴(yán)重?fù)p毀。
The fire ____________________________ the houses.
③洪水使這個(gè)村子受到了嚴(yán)重破壞。
The village ___________________________ the flood.
10.danger
n. 危險(xiǎn)[反safety]
用dangerous, in danger填空
①That dog is ill and ________________.
②That dog is ________________； it may bite.
答案：1.(1)A (2)A
D [句意：城市生活很艱難，許多人為了緩解壓力而喝啤酒。lose one's pressure 緩解壓力；mood 情緒；consciousness 意識(shí)；temper 脾氣。]
(1)under the pressure of (2)put pressure on
3.(1)D [reduce...by...“把……減少了”；reduce...to“把……減少到”。句意：她體重減了5公斤。]
(2)A [句意：——汽車在街上放出許多廢氣。——是的，但是我相信一定會(huì)采取措施來降低污染的。reduce減少，降低；remove移開；collect收集；warn警告。]
4.(1)food (2)diet
5.①Take care ②taking care of ③take good care of ④for; about ⑤for
6.①cheating; was caught cheating in the exam ②to catch up
③在交通高峰時(shí)間我們經(jīng)常遇到堵車。 ④墻上的畫吸引了我。⑤我沒聽懂你說的話。
⑥A 該題考查catch sb. doing sth.這一結(jié)構(gòu)，其被動(dòng)形式為sb. be caught doing sth.。該句中caught是過去分詞作后置定語，修飾the girl，相當(dāng)于who was caught stealing。
⑦catch up with
⑧keep/catch up with
7.(1)B (2)D
8.(1)advertisements；advertise
(2)advertising；advertisers
9.①damaged several buildings
②caused a lot of damage to
③suffered serious damage from
10.①in danger ②dangerous
