2024屆湖北武漢高考英語閱讀理解二輪基礎訓練（16）（含答案）

　　2024年湖北武漢高考英語閱讀理解二輪基礎訓練（16）（含答案）

　　閱讀理解。閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項。

　　In the United States, there were some well-constructed houses for native Indians, ranging from the simple brush shelter to the five-storied pueblo.

　　In the eastern United States, one of the existing types was that commonly know under the Algonkian name of wigwam in which the Iroquois Indians lived. The wigwams were of wagon-top shape with straight sides and ends, made by bending young trees to form the round shape. Over this shape pieces of tree bark were laid to protect the Indians from bad weather. Over the bark dried grass was added. A small hole allowed smoke to escape from the top. Doorways at each end served also as windows, The Iroquois Indians built trunk walls all around their villages. The wall had only one opening, They could quickly close this opening if their enemies came near.

　　Interestingly, the Choctaw Indians in Mississippi also lived in a wigwam of a most primitive(原始的) construction, but different from those of the Iroquois Indians. The Choctaw Indians’ wigwams, made from mud, cane and straw, were in the form of a bee-hive. The covering was made of a long, tough grass. A post in the centre supported the roof. A hole in the top admitted the light, and allowed the smoke to pass out.

　　The tipi tent-housing of the upper lake and plains area was put up with poles set lightly in the ground, tied together near the top, and covered with bark and grass in the lake country. It was easily portable, and two women could set it up or take it down within an hour.

　　The Pawnee, Mandan and other Indian tribes (部落) along the Missouri built solid ring-shaped structures of trunk, covered with earth and dried grass, housing a dozen families.

　　The Wichita and other tribes of the Texas border built large ring-shaped houses covered with dried grass.

　　Apart from the regular housing, almost every tribe had some style of housing.

　　(

　　) 1.Which of the following pictures shows the house for the Iroquois Indians？

　　(

　　) 2. According to the passage, the Pawnee Indians built their houses _____.

　　A. with openings in the trunk walls

　　B. large enough for several families

　　C. in a ring shape with bark and mud

　　D. by bending young trees to form the shape

　　(

　　) 3. All the native Indian houses described in the passage were_____.

　　A. of the same shape

　　B. covered with grass

　　C. built with a post in the centre

　　D. built with doorways at each end

　　(

　　) 4. The passage suggests that ________

　　A. all the native Indians built trunk walls all around their houses

　　B. all the native Indian houses were built with poles tied together

　　C. the Iroquois Indians took safety into account while building their wigwams

　　D. the Choctaw Indians in Mississippi built their wigwams with straight sides and ends

　　【語篇解讀】本篇文章為記敘文。主要講述了美國的土著居民印第安人的房屋結構和建房特點，展示了美國當地人的居住文化。

　　1.答案A。

　　【解析】細節理解題。根據第二段第二句“The wigwams were of wagon-top shape with straight sides and ends……”可知，選項A符合題意。

　　2.答案B。

　　【解析】細節理解題。根據第五段中“The Pawnee, Mandan and other Indian tribes…… housing a dozen families”可知，應選B項。

　　3.答案B。

　　【解析】細節理解題。文章中出現的grass是Indian tribes建造房屋所必不可少的東西。由此可知，印第安人的屋子都用草蓋著。由此可知B項正確

　　4.答案C。

　　【解析】推理判斷題。根據第二段最后一句“They could quickly close this opening if their enemies came near”可以推斷出the Iroquois Indians建造房屋的時候把自身的安全考慮在內了。因此可推斷出C項

　　閱讀下列四篇短文，從每小題后所給的A,B,C或D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。

　　Very often when I go to look at someone’s garden and they complain that for some reason it does not feel right to them. What I notice is that the design quite complicated. Or, sometimes there is no real design and the layout (布局) just looks messy. Creating a garden without some form of design is like trying to bake a cake without a recipe.

　　With a cake you can add together ingredients (原料) from the cupboard and fridge in the hope that the result will be a perfectly baked cake. Both creating a garden and baking a cake follow outlines for getting a result. Know just when to add something, when to take the mix off the heat or how much oil to use, etc.

　　An experienced garden designer can help you create a garden best suited to you and your lifestyle, rather than impose their own ideas on you. He will listen to and help draw out your ideas. By keeping the garden design simple you and your chosen designer will have created the structure of a garden, similar to the structure of a house together with some details.

　　A golden rule to remember is that garden design is not about choosing the right plants. Don’t get caught up in the idea that you have to choose the right plants for the job straight away. Plant choice comes almost at the last minute in many cases, after you and your designer have created style or feeling you are wanting to have in your garden.

　　Design is about creating a constructable (可構造的) image for the garden, including form and shape, sounds, smells, even tastes and often, believe it or not, plants are never used. By keeping the design simple, especially if you are learning about design or taking on the project by yourself, you are increasing your chances of a successful design, one that matches your standard for your life.

　　1. What is the passage mainly about?

　　A. Designing a garden as simple as possible.

　　B. Comparing garden-designing with cake-making.

　　C. An experienced garden designer’s importance.

　　D. Choosing plants for the garden.

　　2. Why does the author use baking a cake in the passage?

　　A. To show the basic steps of baking a cake.

　　B. To imply how simple to design a garden.

　　C. To state baking a cake is very complex.

　　D. To introduce how to design a garden.

　　3. The underlined word “impose” in the third paragraph means　.

　　A. force B. turn　C. improve D. imagine

　　4. By keeping the garden design simple, 　.

　　A. you can get details from the garden designer

　　B. you will be successful one day

　　C. you can meet your standards in life

　　D. you can match the structure of a house with that of a garden

　　5. What is the most important for garden design?

　　A. Creating a constructable image for the garden.

　　B. Choosing the right plants for your garden first.

　　C. Inviting an experienced garden designer.

　　D. Not rushing to choose plants for your garden.

　　【參考答案】1—5、ABADD

　　2024高考訓練題。閱讀理解閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項。

　　【題文】B

　　Never before in Chinese history has a documentary film aroused so much public enthusiasm. Everybody is talking about a new 7-part documentary called A Bite of China which was recently broadcast late at night on CCTV I. The documentary describes various gourmet items across the vast Chinese culinary (烹飪) landscape.

　　According to Taobao, China’s biggest online retail website, just five days after the series began to air, nearly 6 million people went to the site in search of various local specialities, particularly those mentioned in the documentary. More than 7.2 million deals were concluded. A ham producer from Yunnan Province saw his sales grow 17-fold in five days.

　　However, one can’t help but believe that the documentary’s popularity is probably linked to the endless stream of terrible food security issues that have emerged in recent years. In one well-received article, a netizen wrote, “I wonder how many felt so empty-hearted and sighed after watching the film .Formaldehyde(甲醛) sprayed cabbage, Sudan Red colored salty eggs, restaurants using gutter oil. The list is long…”

　　A varied and ancient food culture that is famous world-wide and which should have made the Chinese proud ends like this: one can only sigh. Food is the most vital thing in people’s lives. Yet China’s food industry is a typical description of “bad money driving out the good”. The market is huge while the cost of faking and cheating is so low for unscrupulous (不道德的) businessmen; and the punishment is too light. Take the milk industry as an example. Although Sanlu, the company that sold the melamine-adulterated milk powder, was punished, thousands of other dairies didn’t work hard to improve the quality. In order to allow national brands to survive, Chinese authorities are happy to loosen their regulations.

　　As the documentary shows, people are attracted not to gourmet items like matsutake, a species of rare mushroom grown naturally in remote forests, but to common Chinese dishes like barley, lotus root or tofu. They are what meet our basic needs. This explains why people are so excited about A Bite of China---it is a reminder that there is still a world out there where food is excellent and people have dignity.

　　1. The underlined word “gourmet items” probably means________.

　　A. beautiful clothes

　　B. latest technology

　　C. delicious food

　　D. great inventions

　　2. The second paragraph mainly talks about______.

　　A. the producer of the document

　　B. the content of the document

　　C. the history of Chinese gourmet

　　D. The popularity of the document

　　3. We can infer from what a netizen wrote in one well –received article that ______.

　　A. none of the television viewers have a knowledge of the Chinese food culture

　　B. there is a huge contrast between the ancient food culture and the reality

　　C. the price of food is too high for many common people

　　D. the documentary was made by a world-famous Chinese director

　　4. According to the passage, China’s food industry is full of faking and cheating because_____.

　　A. there are still so many poor people at the present time

　　B. the punishment for unscrupulous businessmen isn’t serious enough

　　C. the Chinese government encourages it to do so

　　D. the food technology is not so advanced as in developed countries

　　參考答案1—4、CDBB

　　閱讀理解。閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項。Feeling blue about the world ? “Cheer up，” says science writer Matt Ridley.“The world has never been a better place to live in，and it will keep on getting better both for humans and for nature.”

　　Ridley calls himself a rational optimist—rational，because he's carefully weighed the evidence optimistic，because that

　　evidence shows human progress to be both unavoidable and good. And this is what he's set out to prove from a unique point of view in his most recent book The Rational Optimist. He views mankind as a grand enterprise that，on the whole，has done little but progress for 100, 000 years.He backs his findings with hard facts gathered through years of research.

　　Here's how he explains his views.

　　1)Shopping fuels invention

　　It is reported that there are more than ten billion different products for sale in London alone.Even allowing for the many people who still live in poverty，our own generation has access to more nutritious food，more convenient transport，bigger houses，better cars，and of course，more pounds and dollars than any who lived before us .This will continue as long as we use these things to make other things.The more we specialize and exchange，the better off we'll be.

　　2) Brilliant advances

　　One reason we are richer，healthier，taller，cleverer，longer-lived and freer than ever before is that the four most basic human needs—food，clothing，fuel and shelter—have grown a lot cheaper.Take one example.In 1800 a candle providing one hour's light cost six hours' work.In the 1880s the same light from an oil lamp took 15 minutes' work to pay for.In 1950 it was eight seconds.Today it's half second.

　　3) Let's not kill ourselves for climate change

　　Mitigating(減輕) climate change could prove just as damaging to human welfare as climate change itself.A child that dies from indoor smoke in a village，where the use of fassil-fuel(化石燃料) electricity is forbidden by well-meaning members of green political movements trying to save the world，is just as great a tragedy as a child that dies in a flood caused by climate change.If climaic change proves to be mild，but cutting carbon causes real pain，we may well find that we have stopped a nose-bleed by putting a tourniquet(止血帶) around our necks.

　　人類的進步是無法阻擋的，是令人樂觀。在《理性的樂觀主義者》一書中，作者闡述了自己對于生活中的樂觀現象，并且對于購物這樣普通的日常行為所帶來的積極影響都做了詳盡的分析和描述。

　　1．What is the theme of Ridley's most recent book?

　　A．Weakness of human nature.B．Concern about climate change.

　　C．Importance of practical thinking.D．Optimism about human progress.

　　答案：D。理解判斷題。從第二段的前兩句話中，反復提到一個關鍵詞“optimistic”以及信息句“because that evidence shows...”；另外，“this is what he's set out to prove...”一句也正好清楚的表明了作者在本書中所以闡述的正是這個話題，正是與選項D的說法是一致的，即：人類的進步總是不可避免的。

　　．How does Ridley look at shopping?

　　A．It encourages the creation of things.B．It results in shortage of goods.

　　C．It demands more fossil fuels.D．It causes a poverty problem.

　　答案：A。細節判斷題。從“Shopping fuels invention”一段正是反映了Ridley的觀點：購物能夠激發創造發明。選項A與之相吻合。

　　．The candle and lamp example is used to show that ________.

　　A．oil lamps give off more light than candles

　　B．shortening working time brings about a happier life

　　C．advanced technology helps to produce better candles

　　D．increased production rate leads to lower cost of goods

　　答案：D。細節判斷題。根據Brilliant advances 一段中的“Take one example”一句很明顯的確定為：作者拿蠟燭與燈的比較與變化正是為了前面他所提到的看法，故與選項D的說法是一致的。

　　．What does the last sentence of the passage imply?

　　A．Cutting carbon is necessary in spite of the huge cost.

　　B．Overreaction to climate change may be dangerous.

　　C．People's health is closely related to climate change.

　　D．Careless medical treatment may cause great pain.

　　答案：B。推理判斷題。根據最后一句話中的“cutting carbon causes real pain”可以排除選項A與C的說法，因為它們大相徑庭；而根據“putting... around our necks”一句可以表明選項D中“careless”一詞運用不當，是不符合語境的。故只有選項B是最正確的。