2024屆高考英語一輪復習分層限時跟蹤練：必修3-Unit 4《Astronomy the science of the stars》（人教版新課標含解析）

　　分層限時跟蹤練

　　Ⅰ.單句語法填空

　　1．I am puzzled(puzzle)by his failure to reply that he hasn't replied to my letter.

　　2．It was said that this was the only copy of the book in existence(exist)．

　　3．As we all know，a bad eating habit is harmful(harm) to one's health.

　　4．Unlike(like)what he said，he didn't carry out his promise.

　　5．As the old saying goes，it is easier to_pull(pull) down than to build up.

　　6．Give Mary a call；she needs cheering up.

　　7．I was warned to watch out for the terrifying dog.

　　8．Last night a fire broke out in the hotel across the street.

　　9．Last night，Mrs.Green had a heart attack.But luckily，the doctor came in time to save her life.

　　10．Class Three should be responsible for raising the red flag this week in its turn.

　　Ⅱ.完成句子

　　1．如今，違反交通規則和亂扔垃圾的現象很常見，對生活和環境造成了嚴重的破壞。

　　These days，breaking traffic rules and littering are not uncommon，causing_serious_harm_to_life_and_the_environment.

　　2．很久以前地球上存在著體形龐大的動物。

　　There_existed_huge_animals_on the earth a long time ago.

　　3．她臉上迷惑的表情表明她不明白我說的話。

　　The_puzzled_look_on_her_face suggested she didn't understand what I said.

　　4．相信他會及時到達。

　　He is believed to arrive in_time.

　　5．他們向公眾表明：他們所做的工作重要且必不可少。

　　They made_it_clear_to_the_public_that they did an important and necessary job.

　　Ⅲ.閱讀理解

　　A

　　The International Children's Wildlife Photography Competition is organized every year by the United Nations Environment Programme and the Foundation for Global Peace and Environment.It has been held since 1991 and has received more than 3 million entries from children in over 100 countries.It is open to photographers from any country in the world.

　　Theme：“Wildlife And Environment”

　　After the competition，the photos will be used to raise environmental awareness through exhibition，websites，posters，publications etc.and to raise funds to further promote environmental activities by children.

　　Eligibility(資格)：Children between the ages of 6 and 14 can enter the competition.Only the hard copies of photos will be accepted.The full name，age，and full address including phone number and e-mail must be on the back of the photos.

　　E-mail：Childrencompetition@unep.org

　　Telephone：440-321-8356

　　Limit：There is no limitation of how many photos one can submit (提交)．

　　Entry Fee：￡10

　　Prizes：Cash prize of ￡5,000 for the champion

　　The winning photographs will be included in a touring exhibition across the UK and an excellent coffee table book，published by AA Publishing.During September 2024 the winners will be announced at the awards ceremony in London.

　　Image requirements：

　　The photos should be no more than 1024 pixels(像素)along the longest side.All those on the shortlist will be contacted and will then have about 12 days to supply a high-resolution (高分辨率的) file.

　　Photos of family pets and farm animals are not eligible，nor are wildlife photographs published in newspapers and magazines.

　　Copyright(版權): Note that by entering the competition，you have given the copyright of your photograph(s) to the organizers.The photograph(s) will not be returned.

　　【答案速查】　1－4　ACBC

　　【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇應用文。介紹了國際兒童野生動物攝影比賽的主題、參賽資格、入場費、獎項、照片的版權等問題。

　　1．What do you know about the competition?

　　A．It is a worldwide competition.

　　B．It is organized by the United States.

　　C．It has been held every other year since 1991.

　　D．Three million children took part in the competition in 1991.

　　【解析】　細節理解題。根據第一段“It is open to photographers from any country in the world.”可知，這個比賽面向來自世界上任何一個國家的攝影師。由此可知，這是一個世界范圍的比賽。

　　【答案】　A

　　2．How will the photos be dealt with after the competition?

　　A．They will be sold to collect money for environmental protection.

　　B．They will be kept in museums and not shown to any person.

　　C．They will be used to improve people's environmental awareness.

　　D．They will be given back to the participants.

　　【解析】　細節理解題。根據Theme一項中的說明“After the competition，the photos will be used to raise environmental awareness through exhibition，websites，posters，publications etc.and to raise funds to further promote environmental activities by children.”可知，比賽之后，這些照片將會通過展覽、網絡、海報、出版物等形式來提高人們的環保意識并籌集資金進一步推廣由孩子們組織的環保活動。

　　【答案】　C

　　3．It can be known from the passage that ________.

　　A．only primary school students are eligible for the competition

　　B．each participant can submit more than one photo

　　C．personal information is not required in the competition

　　D．winners in the competition will receive $5,000

　　【解析】　推理判斷題。根據Limit一項中的說明“There is no limitation of how many photos one can submit(提交)．”可知，這次比賽對于每個選手提交的參賽照片的數量沒有限制。由此推知，每個選手可以提交不止一張照片。

　　【答案】　B

　　4．Which of the following photos has the eligibility for the competition?

　　A．A published photo of tigers.

　　B．A photo of a lovely pet dog.

　　C．A photo of a wild elephant.

　　D．A photo of a milk cow.

　　【解析】　推理判斷題。根據Image requirements一項中的說明“Photos of family pets and farm animals are not eligible，nor are wildlife

　　photographs published in newspapers and magazines.”可知，家庭寵物和農場動物的照片都沒資格參賽，已經出版在報紙和雜志中的野生動物的照片也沒資格參賽。再根據Theme一項中的說明“‘Wildlife And Environment’”可知，本次比賽的主題是野生動物和環境。由此推知，野生大象的照片有資格參加比賽。

　　【答案】　C

　　B

　　Anger often makes us uncomfortable.It's uncomfortable to witness and uncomfortable to feel.Witnessing your child's anger can be especially uncomfortable.In order to relieve this feeling，parents will often encourage children to “stop crying” and say things like “it's nothing to cry about.” It's moments like these that plant the seeds of unhealthy anger.

　　The“stop crying” parents are just doing what they were taught by their own parents，who were probably taught that by their parents.Telling your child to stop crying is a kind of emotional abuse.If you don't know how to help him，your child may still need help with depression or other issues later in life.This cycle can be stopped，however，if we learn how to create healthy anger in our kids.

　　To understand why stopping children crying is unhealthy，think of physical wounds.When you cut your finger，your body knows to tighten blood vessels and release white blood cells.In order to let your cut finger heal，you've got to let the body's natural process work.Like the body，the mind knows what needs to happen to heal emotional wounds.To heal your anger，you've got to let yourself go through a healing process as well.

　　The first thing you can do to create healthy anger in your children is to create healthy anger in yourself.Try mindfulness exercises to start feeling more comfortable being angry.It's our resistance to anger that often makes our anger worse.Once you're better at experiencing anger and expressing it in a healthy way—a way that isn't an explosion of rage (暴怒)—you'll be able to model a good anger style for your kids.

　　Preventing kids from expressing their feelings may also create shame.Children can't segregate their feelings from their self-image，so when they express their feelings by crying and are told that it's “nothing to cry about，” they come to the conclusion that they themselves are bad.

　　We need to raise them in an environment where it's safe to express feelings.Once you feel more comfortable with your own anger，you can explain to your children why anger is a helpful emotion.When your kid expresses anger，help them examine what it is that has made them angry.Then，you can teach them that while emotions are never wrong and are always understandable，our expressions of our emotions are within our control.

　　【答案速查】　5－8　ACCD

　　【語篇解讀】　孩子因憤怒而哭泣時，父母壓制孩子哭泣的做法是錯誤的，父母應該幫助孩子形成健康的憤怒情緒。

　　5．What is the passage mainly about?

　　A．Parents should help their children to create healthy anger.

　　B．We need to resist our anger to feel less angry.

　　C．Parents should avoid making their children angry.

　　D．Being angry makes children feel more comfortable.

　　【解析】　主旨大意題。根據文章內容可知，父母強行阻止孩子哭泣的做法是錯誤的，這會讓孩子形成不健康的憤怒情緒，也會讓孩子產生羞愧的心理。父母應該率先實踐，為孩子樹立一個良好的對待憤怒的榜樣，讓孩子形成健康的憤怒情緒。由此可知，文章主要講述了父母應該幫助孩子形成健康的憤怒情緒。

　　【答案】　A

　　6．What do parents usually do when they see their children crying because of anger?

　　A．Encouraging them to cry loudly.

　　B．Comforting them in words.

　　C．Stopping them from crying.

　　D．Pushing them out of home.

　　【解析】　細節理解題。根據第一段“Witnessing your child's anger can be especially uncomfortable.In order to relieve this feeling，parents will often encourage children to ‘stop crying’ and say things like ‘it's nothing to cry about.”可知，當父母見到孩子憤怒時，會非常不舒服，為了緩解這種不舒服的感覺，父母通常要求孩子“別哭”或者說“沒什么好哭的”之類的話。由此可知，當父母看到孩子因為憤怒而哭泣時，通常會禁止他們哭泣。

　　【答案】　C

　　7．What does the author intend to tell us by mentioning “physical wounds”？

　　A．Physical wounds need a long time to heal.

　　B．We needn't take physical wounds seriously.

　　C．Crying is a natural process of healing anger.

　　D．Physical wounds can do great harm to our health.

　　【解析】　推理判斷題。第三段談到：要了解強行阻止孩子哭泣為什么不健康，可以想想身體上的傷口。當你切到自己的手指時，你的身體會使血管收縮，并釋放出白細胞。為了讓手指痊愈，你得讓身體的自然機制進行工作。與身體一樣，心靈也知道如何治愈情緒創傷。要讓憤怒痊愈，你也需要讓自己經歷一段修復過程。由此推知，作者是想通過身體創傷的愈合過程告訴我們，哭泣是使憤怒愈合的一種自然過程。

　　【答案】　C

　　8．What does the underlined word“segregate” in Paragraph 5 most probably mean?

　　A．Hide. B．Choose.

　　C．Protect.

　　D．Separate.

　　【解析】　詞義猜測題。根據畫線詞的下文可知，當孩子通過哭泣表達自己的情緒卻被告知這“沒什么好哭的”時，他們會得出自己是壞孩子的結論。由此推知，孩子不能把他們的情緒和自身的形象分離開來。

　　【答案】　D

　　Ⅳ.語法填空

　　閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當的內容(1個單詞)或括號內單詞的正確形式。

　　My grandmother is now 96 years old，so every time I visit her，I know 1.________ might be the last time we see each other.Recently，I cooked for her and read her some

　　stories.Before

　　leaving, I was

　　looking

　　for 2.________ good way to leave something 3.________(interest)．So I intended 4.________ (write) her five different love and gratitude notes to let her know how much she meant to me.Having written the five notes，I hid them in different places 5.________ she would find them.One was under the sheets，one was hanging from the lamp，one was by her toothbrush，one was in her mailbox，and the last one was on her car's steering wheel.I knew these cards would 6.________ (sure) cheer her up after I left.

　　Later，she called me and said she 7.________ (find)my three cards by the time I caught my plane，and 8.________ they did her so much good! I smiled to myself，knowing she still had two to go！9.________ I was sitting on the plane back to the US，I was thinking about writing five appreciation cards for different people，the pilots 10.________(include)，because they took us safely to our destination.

　　【語篇解讀】　這是一篇情感小文章，文章中作者為年邁的奶奶留下了5張便條，其目的是讓奶奶感到家人的關愛。

　　【答案】　1.it　2.a　3.interesting　4.to write

　　5．where　6.surely　7.had found　8.that　9.While

　　10．included

　　【規律技巧】　解決動詞時態的四個技巧

　　時態定義最重要；時間狀語很有效；

　　平行謂語做參考；語境理解少不了。

　　該題使用第三條原則，動詞find發生在called之前，故使用過去完成時。

　　分層限時跟蹤練

　　Ⅰ.單句語法填空

　　1．I am puzzled(puzzle)by his failure to reply that he hasn't replied to my letter.

　　2．It was said that this was the only copy of the book in existence(exist)．

　　3．As we all know，a bad eating habit is harmful(harm) to one's health.

　　4．Unlike(like)what he said，he didn't carry out his promise.

　　5．As the old saying goes，it is easier to_pull(pull) down than to build up.

　　6．Give Mary a call；she needs cheering up.

　　7．I was warned to watch out for the terrifying dog.

　　8．Last night a fire broke out in the hotel across the street.

　　9．Last night，Mrs.Green had a heart attack.But luckily，the doctor came in time to save her life.

　　10．Class Three should be responsible for raising the red flag this week in its turn.

　　Ⅱ.完成句子

　　1．如今，違反交通規則和亂扔垃圾的現象很常見，對生活和環境造成了嚴重的破壞。

　　These days，breaking traffic rules and littering are not uncommon，causing_serious_harm_to_life_and_the_environment.

　　2．很久以前地球上存在著體形龐大的動物。

　　There_existed_huge_animals_on the earth a long time ago.

　　3．她臉上迷惑的表情表明她不明白我說的話。

　　The_puzzled_look_on_her_face suggested she didn't understand what I said.

　　4．相信他會及時到達。

　　He is believed to arrive in_time.

　　5．他們向公眾表明：他們所做的工作重要且必不可少。

　　They made_it_clear_to_the_public_that they did an important and necessary job.

　　Ⅲ.閱讀理解

　　A

　　The International Children's Wildlife Photography Competition is organized every year by the United Nations Environment Programme and the Foundation for Global Peace and Environment.It has been held since 1991 and has received more than 3 million entries from children in over 100 countries.It is open to photographers from any country in the world.

　　Theme：“Wildlife And Environment”

　　After the competition，the photos will be used to raise environmental awareness through exhibition，websites，posters，publications etc.and to raise funds to further promote environmental activities by children.

　　Eligibility(資格)：Children between the ages of 6 and 14 can enter the competition.Only the hard copies of photos will be accepted.The full name，age，and full address including phone number and e-mail must be on the back of the photos.

　　E-mail：Childrencompetition@unep.org

　　Telephone：440-321-8356

　　Limit：There is no limitation of how many photos one can submit (提交)．

　　Entry Fee：￡10

　　Prizes：Cash prize of ￡5,000 for the champion

　　The winning photographs will be included in a touring exhibition across the UK and an excellent coffee table book，published by AA Publishing.During September 2024 the winners will be announced at the awards ceremony in London.

　　Image requirements：

　　The photos should be no more than 1024 pixels(像素)along the longest side.All those on the shortlist will be contacted and will then have about 12 days to supply a high-resolution (高分辨率的) file.

　　Photos of family pets and farm animals are not eligible，nor are wildlife photographs published in newspapers and magazines.

　　Copyright(版權): Note that by entering the competition，you have given the copyright of your photograph(s) to the organizers.The photograph(s) will not be returned.

　　【答案速查】　1－4　ACBC

　　【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇應用文。介紹了國際兒童野生動物攝影比賽的主題、參賽資格、入場費、獎項、照片的版權等問題。

　　1．What do you know about the competition?

　　A．It is a worldwide competition.

　　B．It is organized by the United States.

　　C．It has been held every other year since 1991.

　　D．Three million children took part in the competition in 1991.

　　【解析】　細節理解題。根據第一段“It is open to photographers from any country in the world.”可知，這個比賽面向來自世界上任何一個國家的攝影師。由此可知，這是一個世界范圍的比賽。

　　【答案】　A

　　2．How will the photos be dealt with after the competition?

　　A．They will be sold to collect money for environmental protection.

　　B．They will be kept in museums and not shown to any person.

　　C．They will be used to improve people's environmental awareness.

　　D．They will be given back to the participants.

　　【解析】　細節理解題。根據Theme一項中的說明“After the competition，the photos will be used to raise environmental awareness through exhibition，websites，posters，publications etc.and to raise funds to further promote environmental activities by children.”可知，比賽之后，這些照片將會通過展覽、網絡、海報、出版物等形式來提高人們的環保意識并籌集資金進一步推廣由孩子們組織的環保活動。

　　【答案】　C

　　3．It can be known from the passage that ________.

　　A．only primary school students are eligible for the competition

　　B．each participant can submit more than one photo

　　C．personal information is not required in the competition

　　D．winners in the competition will receive $5,000

　　【解析】　推理判斷題。根據Limit一項中的說明“There is no limitation of how many photos one can submit(提交)．”可知，這次比賽對于每個選手提交的參賽照片的數量沒有限制。由此推知，每個選手可以提交不止一張照片。

　　【答案】　B

　　4．Which of the following photos has the eligibility for the competition?

　　A．A published photo of tigers.

　　B．A photo of a lovely pet dog.

　　C．A photo of a wild elephant.

　　D．A photo of a milk cow.

　　【解析】　推理判斷題。根據Image requirements一項中的說明“Photos of family pets and farm animals are not eligible，nor are wildlife

　　photographs published in newspapers and magazines.”可知，家庭寵物和農場動物的照片都沒資格參賽，已經出版在報紙和雜志中的野生動物的照片也沒資格參賽。再根據Theme一項中的說明“‘Wildlife And Environment’”可知，本次比賽的主題是野生動物和環境。由此推知，野生大象的照片有資格參加比賽。

　　【答案】　C

　　B

　　Anger often makes us uncomfortable.It's uncomfortable to witness and uncomfortable to feel.Witnessing your child's anger can be especially uncomfortable.In order to relieve this feeling，parents will often encourage children to “stop crying” and say things like “it's nothing to cry about.” It's moments like these that plant the seeds of unhealthy anger.

　　The“stop crying” parents are just doing what they were taught by their own parents，who were probably taught that by their parents.Telling your child to stop crying is a kind of emotional abuse.If you don't know how to help him，your child may still need help with depression or other issues later in life.This cycle can be stopped，however，if we learn how to create healthy anger in our kids.

　　To understand why stopping children crying is unhealthy，think of physical wounds.When you cut your finger，your body knows to tighten blood vessels and release white blood cells.In order to let your cut finger heal，you've got to let the body's natural process work.Like the body，the mind knows what needs to happen to heal emotional wounds.To heal your anger，you've got to let yourself go through a healing process as well.

　　The first thing you can do to create healthy anger in your children is to create healthy anger in yourself.Try mindfulness exercises to start feeling more comfortable being angry.It's our resistance to anger that often makes our anger worse.Once you're better at experiencing anger and expressing it in a healthy way—a way that isn't an explosion of rage (暴怒)—you'll be able to model a good anger style for your kids.

　　Preventing kids from expressing their feelings may also create shame.Children can't segregate their feelings from their self-image，so when they express their feelings by crying and are told that it's “nothing to cry about，” they come to the conclusion that they themselves are bad.

　　We need to raise them in an environment where it's safe to express feelings.Once you feel more comfortable with your own anger，you can explain to your children why anger is a helpful emotion.When your kid expresses anger，help them examine what it is that has made them angry.Then，you can teach them that while emotions are never wrong and are always understandable，our expressions of our emotions are within our control.

　　【答案速查】　5－8　ACCD

　　【語篇解讀】　孩子因憤怒而哭泣時，父母壓制孩子哭泣的做法是錯誤的，父母應該幫助孩子形成健康的憤怒情緒。

　　5．What is the passage mainly about?

　　A．Parents should help their children to create healthy anger.

　　B．We need to resist our anger to feel less angry.

　　C．Parents should avoid making their children angry.

　　D．Being angry makes children feel more comfortable.

　　【解析】　主旨大意題。根據文章內容可知，父母強行阻止孩子哭泣的做法是錯誤的，這會讓孩子形成不健康的憤怒情緒，也會讓孩子產生羞愧的心理。父母應該率先實踐，為孩子樹立一個良好的對待憤怒的榜樣，讓孩子形成健康的憤怒情緒。由此可知，文章主要講述了父母應該幫助孩子形成健康的憤怒情緒。

　　【答案】　A

　　6．What do parents usually do when they see their children crying because of anger?

　　A．Encouraging them to cry loudly.

　　B．Comforting them in words.

　　C．Stopping them from crying.

　　D．Pushing them out of home.

　　【解析】　細節理解題。根據第一段“Witnessing your child's anger can be especially uncomfortable.In order to relieve this feeling，parents will often encourage children to ‘stop crying’ and say things like ‘it's nothing to cry about.”可知，當父母見到孩子憤怒時，會非常不舒服，為了緩解這種不舒服的感覺，父母通常要求孩子“別哭”或者說“沒什么好哭的”之類的話。由此可知，當父母看到孩子因為憤怒而哭泣時，通常會禁止他們哭泣。

　　【答案】　C

　　7．What does the author intend to tell us by mentioning “physical wounds”？

　　A．Physical wounds need a long time to heal.

　　B．We needn't take physical wounds seriously.

　　C．Crying is a natural process of healing anger.

　　D．Physical wounds can do great harm to our health.

　　【解析】　推理判斷題。第三段談到：要了解強行阻止孩子哭泣為什么不健康，可以想想身體上的傷口。當你切到自己的手指時，你的身體會使血管收縮，并釋放出白細胞。為了讓手指痊愈，你得讓身體的自然機制進行工作。與身體一樣，心靈也知道如何治愈情緒創傷。要讓憤怒痊愈，你也需要讓自己經歷一段修復過程。由此推知，作者是想通過身體創傷的愈合過程告訴我們，哭泣是使憤怒愈合的一種自然過程。

　　【答案】　C

　　8．What does the underlined word“segregate” in Paragraph 5 most probably mean?

　　A．Hide. B．Choose.

　　C．Protect.

　　D．Separate.

　　【解析】　詞義猜測題。根據畫線詞的下文可知，當孩子通過哭泣表達自己的情緒卻被告知這“沒什么好哭的”時，他們會得出自己是壞孩子的結論。由此推知，孩子不能把他們的情緒和自身的形象分離開來。

　　【答案】　D

　　Ⅳ.語法填空

　　閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當的內容(1個單詞)或括號內單詞的正確形式。

　　My grandmother is now 96 years old，so every time I visit her，I know 1.________ might be the last time we see each other.Recently，I cooked for her and read her some

　　stories.Before

　　leaving, I was

　　looking

　　for 2.________ good way to leave something 3.________(interest)．So I intended 4.________ (write) her five different love and gratitude notes to let her know how much she meant to me.Having written the five notes，I hid them in different places 5.________ she would find them.One was under the sheets，one was hanging from the lamp，one was by her toothbrush，one was in her mailbox，and the last one was on her car's steering wheel.I knew these cards would 6.________ (sure) cheer her up after I left.

　　Later，she called me and said she 7.________ (find)my three cards by the time I caught my plane，and 8.________ they did her so much good! I smiled to myself，knowing she still had two to go！9.________ I was sitting on the plane back to the US，I was thinking about writing five appreciation cards for different people，the pilots 10.________(include)，because they took us safely to our destination.

　　【語篇解讀】　這是一篇情感小文章，文章中作者為年邁的奶奶留下了5張便條，其目的是讓奶奶感到家人的關愛。

　　【答案】　1.it　2.a　3.interesting　4.to write

　　5．where　6.surely　7.had found　8.that　9.While

　　10．included

　　【規律技巧】　解決動詞時態的四個技巧

　　時態定義最重要；時間狀語很有效；

　　平行謂語做參考；語境理解少不了。

　　該題使用第三條原則，動詞find發生在called之前，故使用過去完成時。