2024屆高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)單元訓(xùn)練：8.5《Meeting your ancestors》（新人教版含解析）

　　Ⅰ.閱讀理解(建議用時16′)

　　A

　　[2024·中原名校聯(lián)考]

　　Family Photo Competition: The Winners!

　　Adult winner: Anan Marriage, 42, from Hertfordshire

　　This is just one photograph from a huge collection I have of my four children growing up. It was taken with a camera fastened to my husband's chest. I think it conveys all the joy and spirit of our family while also being wonderfully creative and powerfully visual.

　　Adult runner－up: Chris Evans, 49, from London

　　This photo was taken on the beach of Norfolk. We've been going there as a family for the last six years－the kids always look forward to a traditional holiday with sandy beaches, picnics and ice creams. This picture has our three children playing in a sand hole on the beach. It took them less time to dig the hole than it would to complete a level of Sonic the Hedgehog－a video game－but they had twice as much fun!

　　Under－18s winner:

　　Rhine Cunningham, 17, from Colchester

　　I thought up the idea while watching my dog sit near our boots, wanting to go for a walk. It took quite a few attempts to get her to stay still, but I finally got this one. I really like this photo because it looks as if my dog is saying, “Can we go for a walk now？”

　　Under－18s runner－up:

　　Hope Simpson, 13, from County Durham

　　This is a photo of me, my mum and dad, my brother and our dog. I took it with my cell phone. It's a special picture because it was the first time we'd been able to go out for a walk in over a year－I was recovering from CRPS

　　(復(fù)雜性局部疼痛綜合征)

　　and had been in a wheelchair.

　　But my family got me through a really tough time.

　　本文是應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了家庭攝影大賽的四幅獲獎作品。

　　1．What makes Anna Marriage's photo special?

　　A．Why it was taken.

　　B．How it was taken.

　　C．When it was taken.

　　D．Where it was taken.

　　答案：B　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“It was taken with a camera fastened to my husband's chest. I think it conveys all the joy and spirit of our family while also being wonderfully creative and powerfully visual.”可知這幅作品是把相機固定在Anan Marriage丈夫的胸前拍攝的，因此它的拍攝方式很特別，呈現(xiàn)出來的視角也不同尋常。

　　2．Which of the following can we see in Chris Evans' picture?

　　A．A sandy beach.

　　B．Ice creams.

　　C．A video game.

　　D．The sights of London.

　　答案：A　 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段中的This picture has our three children playing in a sand hole on the beach.可知答案。

　　3．Whose photo features a pet?

　　A．Anna Marriage's.

　　B．Chris Evans'.

　　C．Rhine Cunningham's.

　　D．Hope Simpson's.

　　答案：C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。通讀全文，只有18歲以下組的兩幅作品介紹中提到了寵物狗。再根據(jù)Rhine Cunningham在介紹自己作品時，以自己的寵物為主題及Hope Simpson的作品是一張全家福(This is a photo of me, my mum and dad, my brother and our dog.)可知只有Rhine Cunningham的作品是以寵物為主的。

　　1．fasten vt. 系牢；使固定

　　2.creative adj. 有創(chuàng)造力的

　　3．a(chǎn)ttempt n．/vt. 嘗試；試圖

　　4.recover vi. 恢復(fù)

　　5．tough adj. 艱難的；堅強的

　　1．look forward to 期待；盼望

　　2.think up 想起；虛構(gòu)

　　B

　　[2024·天水三中質(zhì)檢三]Career success could be predicted as early as kindergarten, according to a 20－year study recently published in the American journal Public Health.

　　Researchers from Pennsylvania State University and Duke University tracked more than 700 children from across the US between kindergarten and age 25 and found a significant correlation (關(guān)聯(lián)) between their social skills as kindergarteners and their success as adults two decades later.

　　In the research, teachers assessed how the kindergarteners interacted with each other socially using a range of criteria like whether they cooperate with their peers without prompting, whether they're helpful to others, whether they're good at understanding feelings, and whether they can solve problems on their own.

　　Researchers then kept track of whether the students go on to graduate from high school on time, get a college degree, and find and keep a full－time job by 25. They also monitored the participants' involvement with crime, drug abuse， public assistance, and mental health issues.

　　The results showed that socially capable children are far more likely to earn a college degree and have a full－time job by 25 than those with limited social skills. Those with limited social skills also have a higher chance of getting arrested， binge drinking, and applying for public housing.

　　“This study shows that helping children develop social and emotional skills is one of the most important things we can do to prepare them for a healthy future，” said Kristin Schubert, program director at the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, which funded the research, in a release.

　　“From an early age, these skills can determine whether a child goes to college or prison, and whether they end up employed or addicted. ”

　　The good news, according to Damon Jones, lead author of the study, is that intervention (干預(yù)) at a young age can help improve social and emotional skills.

　　“This research by itself doesn't prove that higher social competence can lead to better outcomes later on，” he said. “But when combined with other research, it is clear that helping children develop these skills increases their chances of success in school, work, and life.”

　　美國的一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)孩子們在幼兒園期間學(xué)到的社交技巧與他們未來的成功密不可分。

　　4．What did the 20－year study find?

　　A．Most kindergarteners can solve problems alone.

　　B．Helpful children understand others' feelings better.

　　C．Outgoing children cooperate with their peers easily.

　　D．Social skills play a key role in children's development.

　　答案：D'推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章的前三段的內(nèi)容可知，這項為期20年的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)孩子們在幼兒園期間學(xué)到的社交技巧與他們未來的成功密不可分。故選D。

　　5．What's Paragraph 2 and 3 mainly about?

　　A．When the researchers began their study.

　　B．How long it took to complete the study.

　　C．How the researchers conducted the study.

　　D．What factors were studied by the researchers.

　　答案：C'段落大意題。第二和第三段主要介紹了研究者是如何進行這項研究的。故選C。

　　6．What should parents do to help their children to succeed according to Kristin Schubert?

　　A．Teach them how to cooperate with others.

　　B．Teach them some basic living skills.

　　C．Tell them to keep off alcohol.

　　D．Coach them in their lessons.

　　答案：A' 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段的內(nèi)容可知，Kristin Schubert認(rèn)為家長幫助孩子培養(yǎng)社交和感情技巧是很重要的，這樣能幫助孩子走向成功。故選A。A項中的“how to cooperate with others”屬于社交技巧。

　　7．According to the passage, it is probably intended for ________.

　　A．teenagers

　　B．educators

　　C．doctors

　　D．general readers

　　答案：B' 推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的內(nèi)容可知，研究者Damon Jones認(rèn)為，結(jié)合其他的研究，幫助孩子培養(yǎng)社交技能顯然能夠促進孩子在學(xué)習(xí)、工作和生活方面的成功。由此可推知，本文可能是為教育工作者撰寫的。故選B。

　　1．predict vt. 預(yù)測

　　2.criteria n. 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

　　3．a(chǎn)buse n．/vt. 濫用；虐待

　　4.arrest vt. 逮捕

　　5．competence n. 能力；勝任

　　1．keep track of 記錄；與……保持聯(lián)系

　　2．lead to 導(dǎo)致

　　原文：But when combined with other research, it is clear that helping children develop these skills increases their chances of success in school, work, and life.(it作為形式主語)

　　譯文：但是與其它研究結(jié)合，很顯然幫助兒童開發(fā)這些技能增加了他們在學(xué)校，工作和生活中成功的可能。

　　仿寫：It_is_obvious_to_the_students_that they should get well prepared for their future.

　　很顯然，對學(xué)生來說他們應(yīng)為未來做好準(zhǔn)備。

　　Ⅱ.七選五(建議用時7′)

　　根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。

　　[2024·荊州質(zhì)檢]Have you ever found it difficult to understand a text or express your own idea? In fact, someone who always comes across these kinds of problems may have learning disabilities. Today we begin a series of programs about learning disabilities. These are disorders in the ways that people understand or use language. They can affect the ability to listen or think, or to speak or to read and write. They can also affect the ability to do mathematics. __1__ Researchers believe that learning disabilities are caused by differences in the way that the brain works with information. They say children with learning disabilities are unintelligent or do not want to work. __2__

　　Researchers say that as many as one of every five people in the United States has some kind of learning disability. Almost three－million children in the United States receive some kind of help in school for a learning disability.

　　__3__ Experts look for a difference between how well a child does in school and the level of intelligence or ability of the child. But there is no one sign of a disorder. A few signs of learning disability include not connecting letters with their sounds or not understanding what is read. A person with a learning disability may not be able to understand a funny story. They may not follow directions. They may not read numbers correctly or know how to start a task.

　　__4__ One person may have trouble understanding mathematics. Another may have difficulty understanding what people are saying. Still another may not be able to express ideas in writing. These different kinds of learning disabilities are known by different names. For example, a person who has difficulty reading may have dyslexia (誦讀困難癥)．

　　Experts say learning disabilities cannot be cured. __5__ Teachers and parents can help young people with learning disabilities to learn successfully.

　　A．Different people have different kinds of learning disabilities.

　　B．Their brains just process information differently than other people.

　　C．People with learning disabilities have difficulty in communicating with others.

　　D．But people who have them can be helped.

　　E．However, practice can really make perfect.

　　F．A person with a learning disability has unusual difficulty in developing these skills.

　　G．How can you tell if someone has a learning disability?

　　當(dāng)你發(fā)現(xiàn)自己不能讀懂文章或表達有障礙時，那么你要小心，這可能是你的學(xué)習(xí)障礙在困擾你。

　　1．F　本段主要指“l(fā)earning disability”帶來的危害。

　　2．B　由空前一句可知，學(xué)習(xí)障礙的孩子不想工作，智力低下，這是因為他們大腦處理信息與別人不同，故B項正確。

　　3．G　由空后“Experts look for a difference... But there is no one sign of a disorder.”可知是尋找如何判斷一個人是否有學(xué)習(xí)障礙的方法，但沒有明顯標(biāo)記。

　　4．A　由本段內(nèi)容可知。

　　5．D　本段主要講如何幫助學(xué)習(xí)障礙者學(xué)習(xí)。

　　Ⅲ.語法填空(建議用時8′)

　　閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

　　[2024·武邑質(zhì)檢]A motto is a sentence or a phrase __1__ can inspire us especially when we are __2__ (face) with difficulties. Many of us have our mottoes, such as “Where there is a will, there is a way.” Or “Nothing is difficult if you put your heart into it.”， and so on. My motto is “God helps those who help __3__.” Sometimes I am lazy and don't want to make efforts __4__ (work) hard, __5__ the moment I think of my motto I will get energetic again and devote myself __6__ what I am doing. I write my motto __7__ I can see it easily. Every time I fail in my exam and begin to lose heart, the sight of my motto inspires me with much __8__ (confident). My motto also makes me become __9__ independent person. That is to say, I won't rely on others easily. My friends, what is your motto? If you still haven't got a motto, please choose

　　__10__ because a motto can have a great effect on you.

　　1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________

　　5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________

　　9．________　10.________

　　本文講述了格言警句對作者的激勵啟發(fā)作用。

　　1．that/which　考查定語從句。從句中缺少主語，先行詞為“phrase”，故用that/which。

　　2．faced　考查固定搭配。“be faced with”意為“面臨，面對”。

　　3．themselves　考查反身代詞。固定格言的句子結(jié)構(gòu)。

　　4．to work　考查固定句式。“make efforts to do sth.” 努力干某事。

　　5．but　考查連詞用法。表前后轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。

　　6．to　考查固定句式。“devote oneself to doing sth.”致力于干某事。

　　7．where　考查狀語從句where引導(dǎo)地點狀語從句。

　　8．confidence　考查介詞用法。with為介詞，故后用名詞confidence。

　　9．a(chǎn)n　考查冠詞用法。independent的始發(fā)音為元音，故填an。

　　10．one　考查代詞用法。代指其中的一個名言。

　　Ⅳ.書面表達(建議用時20′)

　　[2024·揭陽一中檢測]假定你是中國高中生李華，今年暑假期間將去英國Clifton High School學(xué)習(xí)兩周，并將寄宿在英國學(xué)生Jack家中。請給Jack寫一封郵件，向他介紹自己，并詢問在英國以下三個方面的情況：

　　1．住宿；

　　2．飲食；

　　3．交通。

　　注意： 1.詞數(shù) 100 左右；

　　2．可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

　　Dear Jack,

　　____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

　　Yours，

　　Li Hua

　　One possible version：

　　Dear Jack,

　　Greetings from China! I am Li Hua, a high school student in China and will study in Clifton High School for two weeks during the summer vacation. I was excited to learn that your family would be my host family. I'd like to know more about my stay there in Britain.

　　First, am I going to have my own room or share one with you? And it would be great if I can have access to the Internet. In spite of my interest in British food, I'm wondering if I could cook some simple Chinese dishes just in case I'm not used to it. Besides, I'd like to know if there's a school bus between your home and the school.