2024屆高考英語考前必做黃金易錯點:專題11 特殊句式(強調(diào)、倒裝及其他)(專題)(解析版)
專題11
特殊句式(強調(diào)、倒裝及其他)
【易錯雷區(qū),步步為贏】
1. Kate,run a bit faster,______you can catch up with all of your classmates.
A.so
B.and
C.but
D.or
答案 B
2.________,so he didn't come to school last week.
A.Though he was ill
B.Being ill
C.Having been ill
D.He was ill
解析 考查并列句的用法。句意:他生病了,所以他上周沒能來上學。因為這里有并列連詞so,所以逗號前的句子不需要連詞,故排除A,既然前后是并列句所以逗號前也必須是句子,選項B、C是非謂語動詞,故排除它們,故選D項。
答案 D
3. He had to sell his luxury car,________his company was in debt.
A.before
B.until
C.while
D.for
解析 考查并列句的用法。句意:他不得不賣掉自己的豪華車,因為他的公司負債了。A(從屬連詞)在……之前;B(從屬連詞)直到;C(從屬連詞)當……時,盡管,(并列連詞)然而;D(并列連詞)因為,對前一分句起補充說明作用。此題前一分句說“他不得不賣掉自己的豪華車”,“后一分句補充說明他賣車的原因是他的公司負債”,故選D項。
答案 D
4.________for his action on the playing field ,but he is also famous for the things that he does off the playing field.
A.Not he is only known
B.Not only is he known
C.Only is he known not
D.He is only not known
解析 考查倒裝句。句意:他不僅因為在球場的行動著名,還因為在球場以外的事情著名。可知句中使用了not only...but also 連接兩個句子。not only 位于句首時,not only 部分的主謂要進行部分倒裝,故選B項。
答案 B
5.Relax yourself every day,________you'll be too tired to get good grades.
A.a(chǎn)nd
B.or
C.for
D.but
解析 考查并列句的用法。本題中含有特殊句式:祈使句+連詞+陳述句=If引導的條件句+主句。這個句型進一步轉(zhuǎn)換成:名詞短語+連詞+陳述句。如果原句中的連詞是and,那么可以轉(zhuǎn)換成一個肯定的條件句;如果原句中的連詞是or,可以轉(zhuǎn)換成一個否定的祈使句。本句相當于:If you don't relax yourself every day,you'll be too tired to get good grades.故選B項。
答案 B
6. Reality is not the way you wish things to be,nor the way they appear to be,________the way they actually are.
A.a(chǎn)s
B.or
C.but
D.a(chǎn)nd
答案 C
7.No sooner ________at the airport than she was surrounded by many reporters.
A.has the star arrived B.the star has arrived
C.the star had arrived D.had the star arrived
解析 考查特殊句式中的倒裝。no sooner...than...一……就……,引導時間狀語從句,no sooner放句首,用部分倒裝,排除B、C;根據(jù)was可知,用過去完成時,排除A。故選D項。
答案 D
8. ________,Guo Mingyi makes his effort to help those in poverty.
A.Not rich although he is
B.In spite of not rich
C.Though not rich
D.As he is not rich
解析 考查狀語從句的省略。句意:雖然不富有,但是郭明義努力幫助那些貧窮的人。A項錯在although不能用于倒裝句,B項錯在in spite of后面接名詞或動名詞,D項錯在as表示讓步含義,需要用倒裝句,C項是省略的表達,完整的是though he is not rich,主從句的主語一致的時候,可以省略從句的主語和be動詞,選C項。
答案 C
9. The door opened and there________.
A.entering our English teacher
B.entered our English teacher
C.did our English teacher enter
D.our English teacher entered
答案 B
10. Not until he failed in the last examination ________he should have spent more time on study.
A.did he realize B.he realized
C.did he not realize
D.he didn't realize
解析 考查倒裝句。句意:直到他在最后一次考試中失利,他才意識到他應(yīng)該在學習上多花些時間。not until引導時間狀語從句置于句首,后面的主句用部分倒裝,前面是not until,后面是肯定句,選A項。
答案 A【名師點睛,易錯起源】
易錯起源1、強調(diào)句的正確運用
例1.【2024·湖南】21.It was when we were returning home ________ I realized what a good feeling it was to have helped someone in trouble.
A. which B. that C. where D. how
【答案】B
【解析】根據(jù)分析:此句是It was…開頭且去掉It was,when we were returning home I realized what a good feeling it was to have helped someone in trouble.是一個完整意義上的句子,故判斷此句是一個強調(diào)句,強調(diào)when we were returning home;強調(diào)句常用句型:It is (was) +被強調(diào)部分+that(who)…?。句意:正是在我回家的時候我才意識到幫助別人于危難之時感覺是多么令人愉悅。
It was on september 1 st
he became a member of our school.
A. when
B. that
C. /
D. till
【錯誤解答】
A
【錯解分析】 本句實際上是一個強調(diào)句, 強調(diào)的部分是on september 1st,若去掉It was…taht后,該句仍然成立。
【正確解答】
B
【名師點睛】
使用強調(diào)句時,應(yīng)該注意如下幾點:
1.強調(diào)狀語:It is tomorrow that will hold the meeting.(that不能換成when)
It was on the sports ground that I found (that 不能換成where)
2.強調(diào)含有not...util...一結(jié)構(gòu)的句子時,要用 It is/was not until...that...結(jié)構(gòu)。that后的句子要 用肯定句,且須用陳述語序。
3.強調(diào)句和主語從句句型(指 “It+be+adj./n.+that從句”類型)的異同點:二者均有 It be ... that/who...之類的語言標志。所不同的是:
(1)含有主語從句的句子譯為漢語時不可加上“正是……”或“就是……”之類的字眼,而強調(diào)則可以。
(2)含有主語從句的句子若刪掉 It be...that/who...則原句不論結(jié)構(gòu)還是語意均不成立,而強調(diào)句去掉結(jié)構(gòu)標志仍然成立。如:It is ture that he once went to to Canada.(不可以去掉 It is及that,否則原句不成立)
It
was on December 11,典型例題at China became a member of WTO.(去掉was及that后原句仍然成立)
【錦囊妙計,戰(zhàn)勝自我】
1.含有定語從句的強調(diào)句型:仔細分析出at或 who在句中的作用,若that或who可有可無(結(jié)合it be來分析),則為強調(diào)句,否則是定語從句。如:
It was in the lab that was set up by Mr.Smith that they finshed the experiment.(lab后的出at不可省略,因為出at引導定語從句,作該句的主語。句中第二個,that才是強調(diào)句的標志。) 2.強調(diào)謂語時用“do/does/did+動詞原形”。如:
He did come yesterday.他昨天的確來了。
易錯起源2、倒裝句的正確運用
例2.【2024·天津】3. Only when Lily walked into the office ______ that she had left the contract at home.
A. she realized
B. has she realized
C. she has realized
D. did she realize
【答案】D
【解析】句意:只有當莉莉走進辦公室的時候,她才意識到她把合同忘家里了。本題考查only位于句首,引導的時間狀語從句,主句要主謂倒裝。根據(jù)時態(tài)和句意可知選D。
They have a good knowledge of English but little they know about German.
A. have
B. did
C. had
D. do
【錯誤解答】
A
【錯解分析】 本題中后一分句是從little開頭,因此是個倒裝句,又由于該句明顯是一般現(xiàn)在時,故用do.
【正確解答】
D
【名師點睛】
在下列情況下,句子要完全倒裝:
1.在there,here 引導的句子中,謂語是be;exist 等表示狀態(tài)的詞。如:Hereisaseatforyou.Tom.
There stands a building on;the top of the mountain
2.在語氣詞there,here開頭的句子中,謂語是 come,be等。
如:There goes the bell!鈴響了!
Here comes your husband.你丈夫來了。
There you go again你又來這一套。
3.由副詞now,then,thus 引導的句子中,謂語是 come,begin,be
如: Now comes your turn.
Thus ended the meeting.
4.在 in, out up, over, back等作狀語置于句首時,謂語動詞是 come, go, rush, run 等的句子里。
如:Up and up the prices
Off went the horses
5.地點狀語提前,謂語是 be ,stand,lie 的句子中
如:In front of the door stood a boy.
On the ground lay a sick dog.
A. 在疑問句里。
Do you have an English class every day?
What did the two cheats pretend to be doing?
在特殊疑問句里,如果疑問詞作主語,則不用倒裝。
Who is in the next room?誰在隔壁房間?
What makes you so angry? 什么使你這么生氣?
B.在以so 開頭表示“也一樣”,和以nor或neither開關(guān)表示“也不一樣”的句子里。
I get up at seven and so does my brother.
He didn’t do it and neither did I.
C.在以 never, hardly, scarcely, seldom, little, barely , rarely, nowhere, by no means, hot until, hardly (scarcely)... when ,no sooner... than 等否定或半否定意義的詞位于句首表示強調(diào)的句子里。
Never before have I met him.我以前從未見過他。
Seldom did the boy icad newspapers.這個孩子以前很少讀報。
Little do I dream of seeing wonderful seenery.我夢想不到會看到這樣神奇的景色。
Not until midnight did it stop raining.雨一直下到半夜才停。
Hardly had he entered the house when it began to rain. 他一進屋就開始下雨了。
No sooner had they got to the plant than they started to wrok.他們一進工廠就開始工作。
易錯起源3、反意疑問句的用法
例3.(2024重慶卷 )10.— I spent two weeks in London last summer.
—Then you must have visited the British Museum during your stay._____ you?
A. mustn’t B. haven’t C. didn’t D. hadn’t
【答案】C
There is no light in the dormitory. They must have gone to the lecture,
?
A. didn’t they
B. don’t they
C. mustn’t they
D. haven’t they
【錯誤解答】 A
【錯解分析】 考生誤認為是對過去情況的推測,故用“助動詞”加主語的形式。本題實際上是考查must have done反意疑問句的用法。must have done表示到目前為止的情況,其反意疑問部分要用“haven’t + 主語”的形式;若句中有明確的時間狀語,則用“didn’t + 主語。”
【正確解答】 D
【名師點睛】
使用反意疑問句時,應(yīng)注意下列問題:
1.陳述部分包含有no,never,hardly,little等含有否定意義的詞時,附加問句用肯定形式(但不包括帶有否定意義的前后綴的詞,如dislike,unfair等)。
2.陳述句和附加問句的情態(tài)動詞或助動詞一般要保持一致,但也有特殊情況:
(1)used to(過去常常)—usedn’t(或didn’t);
(2)have(擁有)—haven’t(或don’t);have(進行某-動作)—don’t; have(構(gòu)成完成時態(tài))—haven’t;have to(不得不)—don’t;
(3)ought to(應(yīng)該)—oughtn’t;
(4)must(必須)—mustn’t must(必要)— needn’t; must be(表示猜測)—be;must have done (對過去某一時間的事情推測)—don’t;must have done(對發(fā)生在過去但對現(xiàn)在造成影響的動作進行推測)—haven’t;must not(表示禁止)—may。
3.陳述句的主語為名詞或代詞時,附加問句的主語為相應(yīng)的人稱代詞;陳述句的主語為指示代詞 this、that、不定代詞nothing、不定式、動名詞或從句時,附加問句的主語為小陳述句主語為指示代詞 these、those、不定代詞nobody、everbody、somebody等時,附加問句用they.
4.陳述部分若為“I/We don’t think(believe imagine,suppose,expect...) + 賓語從句”時,附加問句的謂語動詞和主語應(yīng)和賓語從句的動詞和主語保持一致,且用肯定式。但當陳述部分的主語不是 I/We時,附加問句的構(gòu)成同普通的反意疑問句。
5.含有強調(diào)句型的反意疑問句中,附加問句的主語代詞永遠是it.如:
It was last year that you graduated, wasn’t it?
易錯起源4、省略句的用法
例4.(2024天津卷)________ the morning train, he would not have been late for the meeting.
A. Did he catch
B. should be catch
C. has he caught
D. Had he caught
【答案】D
【解析】本題實際上是一個條件狀語從句的虛擬語氣,表示與過去事實相反。條件句中使用“過去完成式”,主句使用“情態(tài)動詞+have done”;當條件句中的if省略的時候,要把had提前形成部分倒裝。句義:如果他趕上了早班火車,他就不會開會遲到了。故D正確
【變式探究】The old tower must be saved,
__ the cost.
A. however
B. whatever
C. whichever
D. wherever
【錯誤解答】A
【錯解分析】本題考查連詞和省略句,補全句子后為“what ever the cost is”,此時答案一目了然。
【正確解答】B
【名師點睛】
在英語中,下列情況下一般可以用省略:
A.祈使句一般省略主語
(You) Don’t touch this knob.請不要隨便碰這個把手
(You) Come in,please! 請進來
(You) Be quiet !安靜
B. 某些句子結(jié)構(gòu)省略謂語
She gets up earlier than I ( get up) every day.她每天起床比我早。
( Is there) Anybody you want to see? 你想見什么人嗎?
I like music and he (likes) sports. 我喜歡音樂,他喜歡體育。