2024屆廣西來賓市高考英語一輪復習閱讀理解專項練習：71（含解析）

　　廣西來賓市2024高考英語一輪閱讀理解專練（71）含答案

　　閱讀理解(2024·山西高三上學期診斷)

　　Nearly two million drivers in the UK have had accidents due to “Baby on Board” signs and children’s toys that affect their view，according to alarming new research.One in 20 motorists says stickers and playtime paraphernalia (裝備) are to blame for a collision—equivalent to 1.85 million of Britain’s 37 million drivers.The discovery triggered a warning by a road safety charity—Brake to cut down on clutter (雜亂的東西) in the car.

　　Deputy chief executive Julie Townsend said “Baby on Board” signs are very useful in alerting the emergency services that a child may be involved in case of a crash.“This help can become negative if drivers display signs when their child isn’t in the car，” she said.“Worse still is the danger that can be caused by drivers influencing their view by cluttering up (塞滿) windows with lots of signs.Drivers’ priority should always be getting there safely without putting themselves，young passengers or other road users at risk.”

　　A survey arranged by price comparison website Confused.com found that 37 percent of parents have displayed signs and four out of five of them believe they improve safety.But 46 percent admit doing so at all times—regardless of whether or not their child is in the car—and 15 percent admit they only have them for their novelty (新奇) value.The poll of 2,000 drivers also found that 46 percent of drivers regard them as a risk and 33 percent say they are lacking in taste.

　　“There are benefits and dangers to ‘Baby on Board’ signs.They can offer useful information for medical aid in case of a crash but having too many novelty items displayed could be a safety issue，” said a Confused.com spokesman.

　　1．What do we learn about the signs on the car from Paragraph 1?

　　A．They can be dangerous.

　　B．They are useful to avoid accidents.

　　C．They are welcomed by passengers.

　　D．They are forbidden to be used.

　　2．What is Julie Townsend’s attitude towards the signs?

　　A．Positive. B．Negative.

　　C．Uninteresting.D．Objective.

　　3．According to the survey，most of the drivers who use the signs think that the signs________.

　　A．can improve safety

　　B．are unnecessary

　　C．can make drivers clear D．can kill time

　　4．What is the purpose of this text?

　　A．To solve a problem.

　　B．To describe a threat to traffic safety.

　　C．To tell an interesting story.

　　D．To persuade drivers to drive safely.

　　【參考答案】閱讀理解

　　語篇解讀：　本文主要介紹了英國最新的調查發現汽車車貼成為“馬路殺手”的事實。

　　1．解析：　推理判斷題。從文章第一段介紹的英國有將近200萬名司機曾因車貼和兒童玩具發生過交通事故，到車貼和玩具會模糊司機的視線并且在每20位駕駛人員中就有一位表示車貼和娛樂設備會導致發生交通事故以及Brake提醒大家清理車里雜亂的物品可推知，它們可能是危險的。

　　答案：　A

　　2．解析：　態度判斷題。根據第二段中的“‘Baby on Board’ signs are...isn’t in the car”以及“Worse...or other road users at risk.”可知，Julie Townsend對車貼積極的一面以及消極的一面都做了客觀的描述，由此可推知她的態度是客觀的。

　　答案：　D

　　3．解析：　細節理解題。根據第三段中的“four out of five of them believe they improve safety”可知，大多數司機認為這能使行駛更安全。

　　答案：　A

　　4．解析：　寫作意圖題。本文介紹了英國最新的調查發現汽車車貼成為“馬路殺手”的事實，其目的就是告訴人們當前存在的一個交通安全隱患。

　　答案：　B閱讀理解Mention the terms Italian Culture and Renaissance Art and one is immediately reminded of the mysterious smile of Leonardo da Vinci’s Mona Lisa.

　　The renaissance period had a deep effect on European culture development. Having its beginnings in Italy, by the 16th century, it had spread to the rest of Europe. Its influence was felt in different fields such as philosophy, literature, religion, science, politics, and, of course, art. The scholars of the renaissance period applied the humanist method in every field of study, and wanted human emotion and realism in art.

　　Renaissance scholars studied the ancient Latin and Greek texts, searching the monastic(修道院的)libraries of Europe for works of ancient times that had become obscure, in their hunt for improving and perfecting their worldly knowledge. This was completely different from the religion that Christianity(基督教)stressed. However, that does not mean that they refused Christianity. In fact, much of the greatest works of the renaissance period was devoted to it, with the church supporting a lot of the works of renaissance art. However, there were slight changes in the manner in which the scholars began to treat religion, which affected the cultural life of the society, which in turn influenced the artists of that period and therefore was reflected in their art.

　　In Raphael’s School of Athens, for example, some well-known people were described as classical scholars, with Leonardo da Vinci being given as much importance as Plato in his time. Giotto di Bondone, 1267—1337, a Florentine, who is regarded as the greatest Italian painter just earlier than the renaissance period, is thought to be the first artist who treated a painting as a window into space.

　　However, it was only after the writings of Filippo Brunelleschi, 1377—1446, who is considered the first great builder of the Italian Renaissance, that perspective was formally accepted as an artistic technique.

　　【文章大意】文章介紹了文藝復興的發源地意大利在當時的背景下的文化特色和相關藝術家在這個時期的作用。

　　1. What makes Italy stand out in a way in world history?

　　A. Its artists during the Renaissance were numerous.

　　B. It was the center of the European countries.

　　C. It had Leonardo da Vinci’sMona Lisa.

　　D. It was the home to the Renaissance.

　　【解析】選D。推理判斷題。第二段第二句話的beginnings in Italy, by the 16th century, it had spread to the rest of Europe說明意大利正是文藝復興的發源地, 從而影響整個歐洲。

　　2. The underlined word“obscure”in Paragraph 3 most probably means“　”.

　　A. meaningless and hard to recognize

　　B. clear and meaningful to guide people

　　C. unclear and difficult to understand or see

　　D. easy to understand but having little meaning

　　【解析】選C。詞義猜測題。該題根據語境結合選項進行猜測。句中的the monastic說明這些資料的來源, 和宗教有關的應該是較難理解的, works of ancient times也說明了這一點。

　　3. When was perspective officially received during the Renaissance?

　　A. After the completion of Leonardo da Vinci’s Mona Lisa.

　　B. After Leonardo da Vinci’s being compared to Plato.

　　C. After Giotto di Bondone’s paintings were respected.

　　D. After Filippo Brunelleschi’s completing his writings.

　　【解析】選D。細節理解題。最后一段的強調結構里的被強調部分就是本題的解題線索。

　　4. The passage aims to tell us　.

　　A. Italy’s renaissance art and artists

　　B. the famous artists in Italy’s history

　　C. Italy’s influence on the world in culture

　　D. the hardships during the renaissance in Italy

　　【解析】選A。主旨大意題。文章是圍繞著意大利在文藝復興中的文化發展和相關的藝術家展開的。

　　閱讀理解。閱讀下列短文, 從給的四個選項 (A、B、C和D) 中, 選出最佳選項。

　　Britain’s long-term unemployed could be forced to carry out manual work or risk losing their welfare benefits under plans being put forward by the government.

　　The U. S. -style scheme would see the long-term jobless ordered to take up four-week placements in order to get them used to having a full-time job.

　　The idea is part of major reforms, due to be unveiled this week, to make cuts to Britain’s huge welfare bill, reduce dependency on benefits and weed out those earning money but not declaring it, papers said.

　　“What we are talking about here is people who have not been used to working having both the opportunity and perhaps a bit more of a push as well, to experience the workplace from time to time. The vast majority of people in Britain will think that is the right thing to do. ”Foreign Secretary William Hague told BBC TV.

　　Shortly after the Conservative-Liberal Democrat Union took power in May, Work and Pensions Secretary Iain Duncan Smith unveiled plans to simplify the complex web of benefits available to reduce errors and inefficiencies.

　　Duncan Smith said the system had become regressive and was not giving people the right encouragement to work as many were financially better off unemployed.

　　Under his plans, separate benefits for items such as housing, income support or disability will be replaced by a“universal credit”system whereby(靠那個)individual households would get a single welfare payment to ensure those in work would be better off.

　　The Observer newspaper said that in return, long-term unemployed would be told to take up work placements of at least 30 hours a week for a four-week period.

　　If they refuse or fail to complete the programme, their jobseekers’ allowance, worth 64. 30 pounds a week for those over 25, could be stopped for at least three months.

　　【文章大意】由于英國的福利過高, 再加上近年來的經濟危機造成的高失業率, 越來越多的英國人不愿再去勞心費力地工作, 干脆賴在家里向政府伸手要錢。當局為了減少養“好逸惡勞者”的經費, 出臺強制性勞動方案, 要求失業的人從事勞力工作, 以此督促他們積極尋找工作。

　　1. What will the unemployed with welfare benefits face if the major reform takes effect?

　　A. They will lose their welfare benefits if they don’t work.

　　B. They will be encouraged to buy their own farms.

　　C. They will do some kinds of jobs.

　　D. Either A or C.

　　【解析】選D。細節理解題。第一段第一句話的carry out manual work or risk losing their welfare benefits說明在新政下“懶漢”們面臨的兩種選擇。

　　2. What will most British people think of the new reform according to William Hague?

　　A. They are against it since the unemployed are poor.

　　B. They are for it since the unemployed should keep fit.

　　C. They are for it since it’s unfair for the employed and unemployed.

　　D. They don’t care as there’re a few unemployed people having welfare benefits.

　　【解析】選C。推理判斷題。第四段中The vast majority of people in Britain will think that is the right thing to do. 說明絕大多數英國人支持新政。

　　4. The underlined word in Paragraph 6 most likely means　.

　　A. well-receivedB. far-reaching

　　C. old-fashioned

　　D. live-and-let-live

　　【解析】選C。詞義猜測題。從該詞所在句的was not giving people the right encouragement to work可知即將取消的措施就要過時了。

　　. What is the aim of Britain’s major reform for the long-term unemployed?

　　A. To reduce the cost of welfare bill with healthy economy system.

　　B. To make them healthier and save cost in medical care.

　　C. To help more people go through financial crisis.

　　D. To increase pay and bonus for those employed.

　　【解析】選A。主旨大意題。第三段的to make cuts to Britain’s huge welfare bill是直接目的, 最終的目的還是要建立合理健康的福利制度體系。

　　2024高考模擬題。閱讀理解閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項。Lack of parent willpower may contribute more to juvenile obesity than under-exercising or

　　overeating.

　　Research suggests that having overweight parents is a big influence

　　upon a child’s weight, with one study finding that children with overweight parents were four times more likely to be overweight themselves.

　　The findings add heat to an already fierce political debate

　　over childhood obesity. The Prime Minister, John Howard, last week decided that $116 million be used for programs to deal with obesity, while the Opposition Leader, Mark Latham, recently announced that his party would move to protect children from unhealthy food advertisements..

　　Clare Colins , a senior lecturer at the University of Newcastle, believes such programs will definitely fail unless they influence the way of life of whole families. "If we can’ t get parents to take action against their own weight problems, then we can’ t expect to influence their kids," she said.

　　However, Professor, Louise Baur from the Children’ s Hospital at Westmead, doubts whether adult education programs offer any solution to weight problems. "Many parents know they need to lose weight and they knew it influences their kids, but they lack the willpower to do anything about it.

　　The l0-year study of 150 American children found two-thirds of children with overweight parents became overweight. Only one in six children whose parents were of average weight became overweight.

　　The president of the Australasian Society for the Study of Obesity, Associate Professor Gary Wittert, said parents needed help in doing their job and the Opposition Party’s policy（政策） might be on the right track.

　　"We know that driving without a seat belt is unsafe, so we make law against it,” he said.

　　"Obesity is a major public health concern, so why shouldn’t we change the law regarding unhealthy food ads?"

　　1. What does the underlined phrase “juvenile obesity” mean?

　　A. Adult education.

　　B. Childhood overweight

　　C. Parents’ influence

　　D. Growing pains

　　2.Both Collins and Baur believe that overweight parents_______,

　　A. will come up with better solutions

　　B. will help with their children’ s education

　　C. should be more active in reducing weight

　　D. should carry out at least 10 years’ study

　　3. According to some experts, the Opposition Party’s policy________.

　　A. can help fight against unemployment

　　B. may protect kids from unhealthy food ads

　　C. should be brought back to the right track

　　D. will work well to prevent traffic accidents

　　參考答案1—3、BCB

　　閱讀下列四篇短文，從每小題后所給的A,B,C或D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。

　　How Room Designs Affect Our Work and Feelings

　　Architects have long had the feeling that the places we live in can affect our thoughts, feelings and behaviors. But now scientists are giving this feeling an empirical(經驗的, 實證的) basis. They are discovering how to design spaces that promote creativity, keep people focused, and lead to relaxation.

　　Researches show that aspects of the physical environment can influence creativity. In 2007, Joan Meyers-Levy at the University of Minnesota, reported that the height of a room’s ceiling affects how people think. Her research indicates that higher ceilings encourage people to think more freely, which may lead them to make more abstract connections. Low ceilings, on the other hand, may inspire a more detailed outlook.

　　In addition to ceiling height, the view afforded by a building may influence an occupant’s ability to concentrate. Nancy Wells and her colleagues at Cornell University found in their study that kids who experienced the greatest increase in greenness as a result of a family move made the most gains on a standard test of attention.

　　Using nature to improve focus of attention ought to pay off academically, and it seems to, according to a study led by C. Kenneth Tanner, head of the School Design & Planning Laboratory at the University of Georgia. Tanner and his team found that students in classrooms with unblocked views of at least 50 feet outside the window had higher scores on tests of vocabulary, language arts and maths than did students whose classrooms primarily overlooked roads and parking lots.