2024屆高考英語（江蘇專用）一輪復習講義：Book 2 Unit 3（牛津譯林版）
話題詞匯
1.achievement n.成就；成績；功績
2.ambitious adj.有雄心壯志的
3.background n.背景
4.characteristic adj.典型的；獨特的
5.contribution n.貢獻
6.outgoing adj.愛交際的；外向的
7.outstanding adj.優秀的；杰出的
8.be gifted at對……有天賦
9.be enthusiastic about對……熱心
10.make efforts to do sth.努力做某事
經典語篇
為了紀念特蕾莎修女，某英文報社組織了一次作文比賽，請你根據以下要點，以 “Life of Mother Teresa”為題，寫一篇150詞左右的介紹特蕾莎修女的文章參賽。
1.1910年生于南斯拉夫，20歲時去了印度當老師；1946年離開學校當了一名護士；
2.她心地善良，在印度幫助窮人、病人、無家可歸的人等；
3.建學校和醫院，到各地演講，呼吁人們關心窮人；
4.1979年獲得諾貝爾和平獎。
佳作欣賞
Life of Mother Teresa
Mother Teresa is one of the greatest women in the world.
She was born in Yugoslavia in 1910.At the age of 20，she went to India.There she first worked as a teacher. ① However，in 1946 Mother Teresa left the school and after that，she was trained to become a nurse. ②She was so kind that she began helping the poor，the sick and the homeless in India.Besides，Mother Teresa opened many schools and hospitals in poor countries.While she was traveling，she called on people to help those in trouble. ③ In 1979，she was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for the love and the service she had given to unfortunate people.
思維發散
1.將第①句改為復合句
At the age of 20，she went to India，where she first worked as a teacher.
2.將第②句改為含有定語從句的復合句
However，in 1946 Mother Teresa left the school，after which she was trained to become a nurse.
3.將第③句改為省略句
While traveling，she called on people to help those in trouble.
Ⅰ.重點單詞
A.寫作單詞
1.murder (vt.& n.)謀殺
2.rare (adj.)稀有的，罕見的
3.clothing (n.)衣物
4.quality (n.)品質；質量
5.indeed (adv.)的確，確實
6.native (adj.)本地的，本國的
7.whichever (pron.)無論哪個；無論哪些
8.widespread (adj.)廣泛的，普遍的
9.outgoing (adj.)愛交際的；友好的；外向的
10.punishment (n.)懲罰
punish (vt.)懲罰
11.warning (n.)警告
warn (v.)警告；提醒
12.requirement (n.)要求，規定
require (v.)要求
13.entrance (n.)入口
enter (v.)進入
entry (n.)進入
14.survival (n.)幸存，存活
survive (v.)幸存；生存
survivor (n.)幸存者
15.death (n.)死亡
die (v.)死，去世
dying (adj.)垂死的；渴望的
deadly (adj.)致命的
16.shortly (adv.)不久，很快
short (adj.)短的；矮的；短缺的
shorten (v.)縮短，使變短
17.apply (vi.)申請；(vt.)使用，應用；涂，敷，施
application (n.)應用，運用；申請，申請表；涂抹，外敷
applicant (n.)申請人
18.inspire (vt.)啟迪，賦予靈感；激勵，鼓舞
inspired (adj.)受到啟示的
inspiring (adj.)鼓舞人心的
inspiration (n.)靈感；鼓舞人心的人(或事物)
B.閱讀單詞
19.virus (n.)病毒
20.nationality (n.)國籍
21.status (n.)地位，身份
22.coincidence (n.)巧合，碰巧
23.data (n.)(pl.)數據；資料
24.companion (n.)伴侶；陪伴
25.candidate (n.)候選人；申請人
26.voyage (n.)航行；(尤指)航海，航天
27.signal (n.)信號；(vi.& vt.)發信號；表明
28.superior (n.)上級，上司；(adj.)更好的，更高的
29.content (n.)內容；(adj.)滿意的；高興的；(vt.)使滿意
30.curious (adj.)好奇的，求知欲強的
curiosity (n.)好奇心；求知欲
curiously (adv.)好奇地；奇怪地
31.optimistic (adj.)樂觀的，抱樂觀看法的
optimism (n.)樂觀，樂觀主義
optimist (n.)樂觀主義者；樂天派
32.disturb (vt.)打擾，擾亂
disturbing (adj.)令人不安的
disturbed (adj.)感到不安的
disturbance (n.)干擾；騷亂
Ⅱ.重點短語
1.set sail啟航
2.look up to敬佩
3.result in導致，結果是……
4.come across (偶然)遇見；發現
5.be in control (of something)掌管，控制(某物)
Ⅲ.經典句式
1.By the 1920s，he had become an explorer，searching for the tombs of the Egyptian kings.
到了20世紀20年代，他已經成為一名探險家，致力于尋找古埃及國王的陵墓。
2.He too visited the tomb，only to catch a high fever the next day.
他也去了陵墓，結果第二天就發高燒了。
3.If breathed in，they can result in illness or even death.
如果這些病毒被人體吸入，它們就可能會導致疾病甚至死亡。
4.They not only studied all the subjects required to be an astronaut，but also learnt survival skills and all about how spaceships and rockets are built.
他們不僅學習成為宇航員所必修的全部科目，還學習生存技巧，以及關于飛船和火箭制造的所有知識。
5.Although Yang did not get the best scores on every single test，it was his high scores on the psychological tests that finally won him the status of China’s first astronaut.
雖然楊(利偉)并非每項測試都得了最高分，但他各項心理測試所得的高分最終為他贏得了中國首位宇航員的身份。
1
curious adj.好奇的；求知欲強的
?1?be curious about對……感到好奇
be curious to do...極想做……
?2?curiosity n.好奇心；求知欲
from/out of curiosity出于好奇
with curiosity＝curiously好奇地
(1)Don’t be too curious about things you’re not supposed to know.不該知道的事別去打聽。
(2)He is curious to know some news about Chang’e -3.
他極想知道嫦娥三號的消息。
(3)Ryle accepted more out of curiosity than anything else.賴爾更多的是出于好奇才同意的。
多維訓練
(1)同義句改寫
The woman in the shop had looked at them curiously.(用curiosity改寫)
The woman in the shop had looked at them with curiosity.
(2)翻譯句子
她沒道別就離開了，這很反常。
It’s very curious that she left without saying goodbye.
2
?1?breathe in/out吸進/呼出
?2?take/draw a deep breath深吸一口氣
catch one’s breath屏息；喘口氣
hold one’s breath屏住呼吸
lose one’s breath喘不過氣來
out of breath上氣不接下氣
(1)When we breathe，the air goes into our lungs.
當我們呼吸時，空氣進入肺內。
(2)The beauty of the scene made him catch his breath.
風景之美令他愕然止息。
(3)While climbing up the stairs the old man always loses his breath.
那老人上樓時總是氣喘吁吁的。
多維訓練
(1)翻譯句子
①他趕上我時已經上氣不接下氣。
He was out of breath when he caught up with me.
②在鄉下，新鮮空氣呼吸起來很舒服。
In the countryside，the fresh air is comfortable to breathe in.
(2)He dived in the water and
to search for his girlfriend’s lost gold ring.
A.caught his breath
B.held his breath
C.lost his breath
D.took breath
答案 B
解析 句意為：他跳入水中，屏住呼吸來尋找女朋友丟失的金戒指。所以選擇B。
3
[應試指導] (1)同位語從句的考查 (2)虛擬語氣的考查
[多詞一義] require，want，need
?1?meet/satisfy one’s requirements滿足某人的要求
?2?require sb.to do sth.要求某人做某事
sth.require doing/to be done需要做……
require that...要求……?從句中用虛擬語氣，即should＋do，should可省略?
(1)Its products met all legal requirements.
它的產品符合所有的法律要求。
(2)All the members are required to attend the meeting.
所有成員都被要求出席這次會議。
(3)She patiently explained all the rules to the students and required everyone to follow them.
她耐心地向學生們解釋所有的規矩，并要求所有人遵守。(2024·廣東)
多維訓練
(1)同義句改寫
①This wall requires repairing.(用不定式作賓語改寫)
This wall requires to be repaired.
②The situation required us to make an immediate decision.(改為復合句)
The situation required that we (should) make an immediate decision.
(2)The boss
that Mary finish the work within a week.
A.claimed
B.needed
C.wanted
D.required
答案 D
解析 require后跟從句時，從句中的謂語動詞要用虛擬語氣，即(should＋) do形式。
4
[多詞一義] discourage sb.from doing...，prevent sb.from doing...，keep sb.from doing...，stop sb.from doing...
?1?discourage sb.from doing...阻止某人做……
?2?discouraged adj.氣餒的，泄氣的
?3?courage n.勇氣
keep up one’s courage鼓起勇氣；不泄氣
lose courage喪失勇氣
(1)His parents tried to discourage him from being an actor.他的父母試圖阻止他去當演員。
(2)The failure was a big blow to him，but he wasn’t discouraged and soon got as enthusiastic as ever.
這次失敗對他而言是重大打擊，但是他沒有泄氣，很快熱情如初。(2024·福建)
(3)He showed great courage and determination.
他表現得十分勇敢和果斷。
多維訓練
(1)同義句改寫
He was discouraged by the unsuccessful attempt and decided to give it up.(用過去分詞短語作狀語改寫)
Discouraged by the unsuccessful attempt，he decided to give it up.
(2)The news about the terrible flood there greatly discouraged
there for sightseeing.
A.us from going
B.us to go
C.our going
D.our to go
答案 A
解析 discourage sb.from doing sth.阻止某人做某事，故選A。
5
[應試指導] 虛擬語氣的考查
?1?have a desire for sth./to do sth.渴望得到某物/做……
satisfy one’s desire滿足某人的愿望
at one’s desire照某人的希望；應某人的要求
?2?desire to do...希望做……
desire sb.to do...希望某人做某事
(1)They seem to have lost their desire for life.
他們似乎已喪失了對生活的渴望。
(2)Our students come from different backgrounds but have the same desire to learn on-line.
我們的學生來自不同的背景但是同樣都渴望在網上學習。(2024·安徽)
(3)He desired me to inform her that he had made his peace with God.
他想讓我告訴她他已接受了上天的安排。
[特別提醒]
desire后接賓語從句、同位語從句或表語從句時，從句中使用“should＋動詞原形”，should可省略。
多維訓練
(1)用所給詞的適當形式填空
①His friendly warnings have caused the desired (desire) response.
②Anyone desiring (desire) to vote must come to the meeting.
③I desire that these letters (should) be burnt (burn) after my death.
(2)一句多譯
他希望贏得這場比賽。
①He desired to win the game. (desire v.)
②He had a desire to win the game.(desire n.)
③He desired that he (should) win the game.(desire that...)
6
apply vt.& vi.涂；應用；使用；申請；努力學習；涉及
[應試指導] 申請類寫作高頻詞匯
(1)apply (to sb.) for sth.(向某人)申請某物
apply to適合
apply sth.to sth.把某物應用(涂抹)于……
apply oneself to (＝be applied to)致力于/集中精力于……
(2)application n.應用，運用；申請，申請表
(3)applicant n.申請人
(1)Terms and conditions apply.
適用條件條款。(2024·福建)
(2)I could apply for the 2,000 yuan fund to lend a hand to my rural peer group.
我可以申請2 000元的基金去幫助農村的同齡人。
(3)Apply some medicine to his wound.
給他的傷口上點藥吧。
多維訓練
(1)用apply的適當形式填空
①The new technology，if applied to rice growing，will help increase the grain output.
②His application for membership of the organization was rejected.
③If the applicant is not a true candidate for the job，do not interview him.
(2)If you apply yourself to the job in hand，you’ll soon finish it.
①Applying yourself to the job in hand，you’ll soon finish it.(用現在分詞短語作狀語改寫)
②Applied to the job in hand，you’ll soon finish it.(用過去分詞短語作狀語改寫)
7
be superior to比……優越/高于
be inferior to 比……劣/差
be junior to比……年幼/地位低
be senior to比……年長/資歷深
(1)We have a relationship infinitely superior to those of many of our friends.
我們的關系要比我們同其他許多朋友的關系好得多。
(2)He preferred the company of those who were intellectually inferior to himself.
他喜歡與那些智力水平不如他的人共處。
多維訓練
用適當的介詞填空
(1)The army is superior in number to its enemy.
