2024年高三高考復習必練教程:名詞3

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2024年高三高考復習必練教程:名詞3

  B5Unit4

  1.protection nprotect v.保護→protective adj.保護的,3.loss nlose v.遺失,loser n.輸家;失敗者→lost adj.遺失的,

  (1)affect 常做及物動詞,“影響,感動,感染”。

  (2)effect 常做名詞,“結果,效果,作用,影響”,常用于詞組:have an effect on/upon sb. 對……有影響,take effect 生效,實行,come/go into effect 開始生效,開始實施。

  (3)influence 可做動詞也可做名詞,表示“影響、感染”的意思時,是指使思想、行為、性質或發展和成長等發生變化的影響。它可以指壞的影響,也可以指好的影響,這種影響常常是潛移默化的。

  [應用2] (1)Probably we ______________ each other.

  (2)To _________ a policy is to have an _________ on it.

  Influenced/(affect/effect)

  B2unit5

  6.instrument n7.passerby n.過路人;行人→passersby (pl.)

  9.broadcast n vi. & vt.廣播;播放

  B3unit1

  2.origin noriginal adj.原來的 3.religion nreligious adj.宗教上的;信奉宗教的;虔誠的 4.belief n6.independence nindependent adj.獨立的;自主的

  9.award n vt.授予;判定 10.admire vt.admiration n.羨慕 12.custom n13.permission npermit vt.允許n.許可證;執照

  15.sadness nsad adj.悲哀的;悲傷的 1.trick n vt.哄騙,欺騙 trick or treat 不送禮物就搗亂(萬圣節前夕孩子們 挨戶要禮物的用語) play a trick on sb.捉弄某人 have a trick of doing sth. 有做某事的習慣 trick sb. into doing sth. 哄騙某人做某事 trick sb. out of sth. 騙取某人某物

  [即學即練1](1)John taught me ________________________ opening a bottle of wine. 約翰教會了我打開酒瓶蓋的竅門。(2)The children loved to ________________________ their teacher.這些孩子好跟他們的老師玩惡作劇。(3)She ______ me _________________ for her meal at the restaurant.她在飯館里騙我替她付了飯錢。

  B3uint2

  1.diet n vi.節食

  4.curiosity ncurious adj.好奇的

  7.customer n

  8.discount n9.weakness nweak adj.虛弱的→weaken v.使變弱

  10.strength nstrengthen v.加強,13.debt n

  15.limit n vt.限制;限定→limited adj.有限的

  16.benefit n vt. & vi.有益于;有助于;受益→beneficial adj.有利的,

  (2)The doctors all suggest I _______________________ .醫生們都建議我節食。

  Too

  rich

  a

  diet/go

  on

  a

  diet

  比較:diet 既可指習慣上常用的食品,又可指規定的食物,特指維持健康的定質定量的食物;food是“食物”的一般用語,指任何能吃的且有營養的東西。

  5.limit n.界限;限度 v.限制;限定

  limited adj. 有限的

  limitation n. 限制;限制條件,不足之處

  go beyond/over the limit 超過限度

  within limits 在一定范圍內;有限度的

  within the limits of 在……的范圍內

  without limit 無限(制)地

  set a limit to sth. 對……規定限度

  be limited to sth. 受限制于……

  limit sth. to sth. 把……限定在……的范圍內

  [即學即練5](1)I've ____________________ 1 000 calories a day to try to lose weight.

  我試著減肥,限定自己每天攝入1 000卡的熱量。

  (2)A wise man knows his own ______________.

  人貴有自知之明。

  (3)As we all know, a person's life is ______, but knowledge is _________________.

  =As we all know, there is ____________________ a person's life but ____________________ knowledge.

  我們都知道,人的生命是有限的,而知識卻是無限的。

  limited

  myself

  to/limitations/(limited/unlimited)/a

  limit

  to/no

  limit

  to

  6.benefit n.利益,實惠;優越性

  vt.&vi.得益;使……受益

  benefit sb./someplace 使某人/某地受益

  benefit from/by sth.

  receive/gain benefit from sth.得益于某事

  be of great/much benefit to sb.

  =be very beneficial to sb. 對某人有好處

  for the benefit of...為了幫助……;為了……的利益

  [即學即練6](1)The new hospital will ________the entire community.這所新醫院將使整個社區受益。

  (2)I __________ much ______ my father's advice.

  我從父親的建議中獲益頗多。

  (3)Moderate exercise will be _______________________ you.適度運動對你有很多益處。

  (4)She went there _______________________________ her health.她為了健康而去了那里。

  Benefit/benefited from/of

  much

  benefit

  to/for

  the

  benefit

  of

  1. strength/force/energy/power

  (1)strength 指固有的潛力。說人時,指“力氣”;說物時,指“強度”。也可指“強項,長處”。

  (2)force 主要指自然界的力量,暴力,勢力以及法律、道德或感情的力量,軍事的力量等。

  (3)energy 主要指人的精力或自然界的能量。

  (4)power 主要指做一件事所依靠的能力、功能;也可指人或機器等事物潛在的或所能發揮出來的力量;還可指職權、權力或政權。

  [應用1] 用 energy/power/force和 strength 填空。

  (1)Many countries are increasing their use of natural gas, wind and other forms of __________.

  (2)The party came to __________ at the last election.

  (3)Gandi insisted on winning independence by peaceful struggles, not by ___________.

  (4)Bill was doing a lot of physical exercise to build up his ___________.

  Energy/power/force/strength

  B3Unit3

  1.adventure nadventurer n.冒險家→adventurous adj.喜歡冒險的

  2.scene n(戲劇)一場;現場;場面;景色

  4.pavement n7.passage n(包括食宿);通道;(一)段

  10.patience npatient adj. & n.有耐心的;病人

  11.contrary nadj.相反的;相違的→contrarily adv.相反地

  12.envelope n

  14.amount n15.manner n……)作好準備,(為……)設置舞臺

  [即學即練1](1)Our reporter was the first person_________________________(到現場).

  (2)The rocking boats along the river bank___________________________(構成一道美麗的風景).

  (3)The boy led his mother to _________________________________________(事故現場).

  on

  the

  scene/make

  a

  beautiful

  scene/the

  scene

  of

  the

  accident

  4.account n. 說明;理由;計算;賬目;報道

  vi. & vt. 認為;說明;總計有

  account for 說明(原因等);作出解釋

  on account of 由于,因為

  on no account 決不(置于句首時,句子用部分倒裝)

  on any account 無論如何

  take account of=take...into consideration 考慮……

  keep an account of 記錄,記載

  [即學即練4](1)He could not _______________ his foolish mistake.

  他無法解釋他所犯的愚蠢錯誤。

  (2)Give us ________________________ what happened.

  跟我們說一下到底發生了什么。

  (3)She retired early ______________________ ill health.

  她體弱多病,所以提前退休。

  (4)The company _____________________ environmental issues wherever possible.只要有可能,這家公司會考慮到環境問題。

  account

  for/an

  account

  for/on

  account

  of/takes

  account

  of

  提示:表示否定意義的 on no account 放在句首時,句子應用部分倒裝。如:On no account should you go there. 你絕對不可以到那里去。

  1. scene/scenery/view/sight

  (1)scene 指展現在眼前的情景,也可以指 scenery 的一部分,指某處小范圍的景色,大多包括景物中的人及活動,可譯為“情景”“景色”“場面”“(戲劇)一場”。

  (2)scenery是總稱,指大范圍的自然風光,是由多個 scene 構成的景色,常譯為“景色”“風景”。

  (3)view 是指人從一定的角度(或從遠處或從高處等)所看到的景象,還有“觀點”“看法”等意思。

  (4)sight是眼睛所看到的景象,可以指美麗的風景,也可以指悲慘的景象,其復數形式 sights 表示“名勝古跡,人文景觀”等。

  [應用1] 用 scene, scenery, view, sight的適當形式填空。

  (1)As we climbed higher, a wonderful ______ opened out before us.

  (2)The next day we returned to the ______ of the accident.

  (3)The ______ of the play is a kitchen.

  (4)The Great Wall is one of the most breathtaking ______ in the world.

  (5)The autumn __________ of Beijing is charming.

  (6)Do you remember the ______ in the play where Susan meets Alan for the first time?

  View/scene/scene/sights/scenery/scene

  2. manner/method/way/means

  這四個詞均有“方法;方式”的意思。

  (1)manner指個人的、獨特的或有特色的“方法;方式”,常與in連用。

  (2)method指合理的或系統的“方法”,包括抽象的觀念和具體的步驟,如為完成教學、調查、醫療等各項工作而采取的一系列步驟或方法,常與with連用。

  (3)means指為達到某種目的而采取的“手段”或“方法”,常與by連用。

  (4)way為普通用語,可以代替method, manner或means,但way更富有表達力,常與in連用。

  [應用2] (1)He invented a new __________ of teaching English.

  (2)I don’t like his ___________ of walking.

  (3)There is/are no ____________ of getting there.

  (4)You can finish it by this _______________.

  (5)There are a lot of ________________ to make friends.

  Method/manner/means/means/ways

  B3unit4

  1.astronomy nastronomer n.天文學家 2.system n3.theory ntheoretical adj.理論上的 4.globe nglobal adj.全球性的;全世界的

  6.atmosphere n8.presence npresent adj. & n. & v.在場的;目前,,11.puzzle nvt. & vi.(使)迷惑;(使)為難→puzzled adj.迷惑的→puzzling adj.令人迷惑的 12.gravity n13.satellite n14.climate n15.spaceship n16.pull n. & vt.(力);拖;牽引力 18.mass n(復)群眾

  B3unit5

  1.minister n3.scenery n9.border n vt. & vi.與……接壤;接近

  14.distance ndistant adj.遠的,17.tradition ntraditional adj.傳統的

  2.measure n. [U] [C]措施 vt.&vi.測量,丈量,計量 make clothes to one‘s own measure 量體裁衣 by measure 按尺寸 take measures (steps) to do sth.采取措施 beyond measure 無法估量,,be measured in 以……來計算

  [即學即練2](1) We must ______ ____________ _________ to solve these problems one by one. 我們必須采取必要的措施逐個解決問題。(2) This room ___________ 6 metres by 4. 這個房間有6米長,4。(3)Did you __________ the distance between those two development areas? 你們測量了那兩個開發區之間的距離了嗎?

  Take necessary measures/measures/measure

  3.within prep. within reach 夠得著 within sight 在視線范圍內 within one‘s power 力所能及 within an hour 一小時內 within call 在附近;隨叫隨到 within reason 理智地;合理地

  [即學即練3](1)You should receive a reply ______ ______ ______.你會在七天內收到答復。(2)It wasn't ______ ______ ______ to help her. 幫助她并非我力所能及的事。

  4.border n.

  vt. &vi. 與……接壤;接近 a border town 邊境城市 the border of the lake 湖邊 on the border of 將要,,border on sth. 接近某物,

  [即學即練4](1)France ________ Germany ______ parts of the Rhine.法國沿萊茵河部分河段與德國接壤。(2)She felt an anxiety ___________ ______ hysteria. 她感覺到一種近乎歇斯底里的焦慮。(3)The large garden ______ __________ ______ a stream. 大花園緊臨著一條小溪。

  B

  6.distance n. v. 不介入;與……疏遠 distant adj. 遙遠的;遠處的;久遠的 at a distance 隔一段距離;距離稍遠 in the distance 在遠方 out of distance from 離……太遠,keep sb. at a distance 對……冷淡,keep one‘s distance from 與……保持距離 distance yourself from 不介入;與……疏遠

  [即學即練6](1)I don't know ______ _________(距離) from Beijing to Shanghai. (2)The hospital is ______ ______ (不遠) at all. (3)The oil painting looks better ______ ______ ______(遠看起來). (4)______ ______ ___________(從遠處),I would see them waving their hands. (5)I can see a light ______

  ______ _________(). the distance/not distant/at a distance/in the distance

  B5Unit4

  1.protection nprotect v.保護→protective adj.保護的,3.loss nlose v.遺失,loser n.輸家;失敗者→lost adj.遺失的,

  (1)affect 常做及物動詞,“影響,感動,感染”。

  (2)effect 常做名詞,“結果,效果,作用,影響”,常用于詞組:have an effect on/upon sb. 對……有影響,take effect 生效,實行,come/go into effect 開始生效,開始實施。

  (3)influence 可做動詞也可做名詞,表示“影響、感染”的意思時,是指使思想、行為、性質或發展和成長等發生變化的影響。它可以指壞的影響,也可以指好的影響,這種影響常常是潛移默化的。

  [應用2] (1)Probably we ______________ each other.

  (2)To _________ a policy is to have an _________ on it.

  Influenced/(affect/effect)

  B2unit5

  6.instrument n7.passerby n.過路人;行人→passersby (pl.)

  9.broadcast n vi. & vt.廣播;播放

  B3unit1

  2.origin noriginal adj.原來的 3.religion nreligious adj.宗教上的;信奉宗教的;虔誠的 4.belief n6.independence nindependent adj.獨立的;自主的

  9.award n vt.授予;判定 10.admire vt.admiration n.羨慕 12.custom n13.permission npermit vt.允許n.許可證;執照

  15.sadness nsad adj.悲哀的;悲傷的 1.trick n vt.哄騙,欺騙 trick or treat 不送禮物就搗亂(萬圣節前夕孩子們 挨戶要禮物的用語) play a trick on sb.捉弄某人 have a trick of doing sth. 有做某事的習慣 trick sb. into doing sth. 哄騙某人做某事 trick sb. out of sth. 騙取某人某物

  [即學即練1](1)John taught me ________________________ opening a bottle of wine. 約翰教會了我打開酒瓶蓋的竅門。(2)The children loved to ________________________ their teacher.這些孩子好跟他們的老師玩惡作劇。(3)She ______ me _________________ for her meal at the restaurant.她在飯館里騙我替她付了飯錢。

  B3uint2

  1.diet n vi.節食

  4.curiosity ncurious adj.好奇的

  7.customer n

  8.discount n9.weakness nweak adj.虛弱的→weaken v.使變弱

  10.strength nstrengthen v.加強,13.debt n

  15.limit n vt.限制;限定→limited adj.有限的

  16.benefit n vt. & vi.有益于;有助于;受益→beneficial adj.有利的,

  (2)The doctors all suggest I _______________________ .醫生們都建議我節食。

  Too

  rich

  a

  diet/go

  on

  a

  diet

  比較:diet 既可指習慣上常用的食品,又可指規定的食物,特指維持健康的定質定量的食物;food是“食物”的一般用語,指任何能吃的且有營養的東西。

  5.limit n.界限;限度 v.限制;限定

  limited adj. 有限的

  limitation n. 限制;限制條件,不足之處

  go beyond/over the limit 超過限度

  within limits 在一定范圍內;有限度的

  within the limits of 在……的范圍內

  without limit 無限(制)地

  set a limit to sth. 對……規定限度

  be limited to sth. 受限制于……

  limit sth. to sth. 把……限定在……的范圍內

  [即學即練5](1)I've ____________________ 1 000 calories a day to try to lose weight.

  我試著減肥,限定自己每天攝入1 000卡的熱量。

  (2)A wise man knows his own ______________.

  人貴有自知之明。

  (3)As we all know, a person's life is ______, but knowledge is _________________.

  =As we all know, there is ____________________ a person's life but ____________________ knowledge.

  我們都知道,人的生命是有限的,而知識卻是無限的。

  limited

  myself

  to/limitations/(limited/unlimited)/a

  limit

  to/no

  limit

  to

  6.benefit n.利益,實惠;優越性

  vt.&vi.得益;使……受益

  benefit sb./someplace 使某人/某地受益

  benefit from/by sth.

  receive/gain benefit from sth.得益于某事

  be of great/much benefit to sb.

  =be very beneficial to sb. 對某人有好處

  for the benefit of...為了幫助……;為了……的利益

  [即學即練6](1)The new hospital will ________the entire community.這所新醫院將使整個社區受益。

  (2)I __________ much ______ my father's advice.

  我從父親的建議中獲益頗多。

  (3)Moderate exercise will be _______________________ you.適度運動對你有很多益處。

  (4)She went there _______________________________ her health.她為了健康而去了那里。

  Benefit/benefited from/of

  much

  benefit

  to/for

  the

  benefit

  of

  1. strength/force/energy/power

  (1)strength 指固有的潛力。說人時,指“力氣”;說物時,指“強度”。也可指“強項,長處”。

  (2)force 主要指自然界的力量,暴力,勢力以及法律、道德或感情的力量,軍事的力量等。

  (3)energy 主要指人的精力或自然界的能量。

  (4)power 主要指做一件事所依靠的能力、功能;也可指人或機器等事物潛在的或所能發揮出來的力量;還可指職權、權力或政權。

  [應用1] 用 energy/power/force和 strength 填空。

  (1)Many countries are increasing their use of natural gas, wind and other forms of __________.

  (2)The party came to __________ at the last election.

  (3)Gandi insisted on winning independence by peaceful struggles, not by ___________.

  (4)Bill was doing a lot of physical exercise to build up his ___________.

  Energy/power/force/strength

  B3Unit3

  1.adventure nadventurer n.冒險家→adventurous adj.喜歡冒險的

  2.scene n(戲劇)一場;現場;場面;景色

  4.pavement n7.passage n(包括食宿);通道;(一)段

  10.patience npatient adj. & n.有耐心的;病人

  11.contrary nadj.相反的;相違的→contrarily adv.相反地

  12.envelope n

  14.amount n15.manner n……)作好準備,(為……)設置舞臺

  [即學即練1](1)Our reporter was the first person_________________________(到現場).

  (2)The rocking boats along the river bank___________________________(構成一道美麗的風景).

  (3)The boy led his mother to _________________________________________(事故現場).

  on

  the

  scene/make

  a

  beautiful

  scene/the

  scene

  of

  the

  accident

  4.account n. 說明;理由;計算;賬目;報道

  vi. & vt. 認為;說明;總計有

  account for 說明(原因等);作出解釋

  on account of 由于,因為

  on no account 決不(置于句首時,句子用部分倒裝)

  on any account 無論如何

  take account of=take...into consideration 考慮……

  keep an account of 記錄,記載

  [即學即練4](1)He could not _______________ his foolish mistake.

  他無法解釋他所犯的愚蠢錯誤。

  (2)Give us ________________________ what happened.

  跟我們說一下到底發生了什么。

  (3)She retired early ______________________ ill health.

  她體弱多病,所以提前退休。

  (4)The company _____________________ environmental issues wherever possible.只要有可能,這家公司會考慮到環境問題。

  account

  for/an

  account

  for/on

  account

  of/takes

  account

  of

  提示:表示否定意義的 on no account 放在句首時,句子應用部分倒裝。如:On no account should you go there. 你絕對不可以到那里去。

  1. scene/scenery/view/sight

  (1)scene 指展現在眼前的情景,也可以指 scenery 的一部分,指某處小范圍的景色,大多包括景物中的人及活動,可譯為“情景”“景色”“場面”“(戲劇)一場”。

  (2)scenery是總稱,指大范圍的自然風光,是由多個 scene 構成的景色,常譯為“景色”“風景”。

  (3)view 是指人從一定的角度(或從遠處或從高處等)所看到的景象,還有“觀點”“看法”等意思。

  (4)sight是眼睛所看到的景象,可以指美麗的風景,也可以指悲慘的景象,其復數形式 sights 表示“名勝古跡,人文景觀”等。

  [應用1] 用 scene, scenery, view, sight的適當形式填空。

  (1)As we climbed higher, a wonderful ______ opened out before us.

  (2)The next day we returned to the ______ of the accident.

  (3)The ______ of the play is a kitchen.

  (4)The Great Wall is one of the most breathtaking ______ in the world.

  (5)The autumn __________ of Beijing is charming.

  (6)Do you remember the ______ in the play where Susan meets Alan for the first time?

  View/scene/scene/sights/scenery/scene

  2. manner/method/way/means

  這四個詞均有“方法;方式”的意思。

  (1)manner指個人的、獨特的或有特色的“方法;方式”,常與in連用。

  (2)method指合理的或系統的“方法”,包括抽象的觀念和具體的步驟,如為完成教學、調查、醫療等各項工作而采取的一系列步驟或方法,常與with連用。

  (3)means指為達到某種目的而采取的“手段”或“方法”,常與by連用。

  (4)way為普通用語,可以代替method, manner或means,但way更富有表達力,常與in連用。

  [應用2] (1)He invented a new __________ of teaching English.

  (2)I don’t like his ___________ of walking.

  (3)There is/are no ____________ of getting there.

  (4)You can finish it by this _______________.

  (5)There are a lot of ________________ to make friends.

  Method/manner/means/means/ways

  B3unit4

  1.astronomy nastronomer n.天文學家 2.system n3.theory ntheoretical adj.理論上的 4.globe nglobal adj.全球性的;全世界的

  6.atmosphere n8.presence npresent adj. & n. & v.在場的;目前,,11.puzzle nvt. & vi.(使)迷惑;(使)為難→puzzled adj.迷惑的→puzzling adj.令人迷惑的 12.gravity n13.satellite n14.climate n15.spaceship n16.pull n. & vt.(力);拖;牽引力 18.mass n(復)群眾

  B3unit5

  1.minister n3.scenery n9.border n vt. & vi.與……接壤;接近

  14.distance ndistant adj.遠的,17.tradition ntraditional adj.傳統的

  2.measure n. [U] [C]措施 vt.&vi.測量,丈量,計量 make clothes to one‘s own measure 量體裁衣 by measure 按尺寸 take measures (steps) to do sth.采取措施 beyond measure 無法估量,,be measured in 以……來計算

  [即學即練2](1) We must ______ ____________ _________ to solve these problems one by one. 我們必須采取必要的措施逐個解決問題。(2) This room ___________ 6 metres by 4. 這個房間有6米長,4。(3)Did you __________ the distance between those two development areas? 你們測量了那兩個開發區之間的距離了嗎?

  Take necessary measures/measures/measure

  3.within prep. within reach 夠得著 within sight 在視線范圍內 within one‘s power 力所能及 within an hour 一小時內 within call 在附近;隨叫隨到 within reason 理智地;合理地

  [即學即練3](1)You should receive a reply ______ ______ ______.你會在七天內收到答復。(2)It wasn't ______ ______ ______ to help her. 幫助她并非我力所能及的事。

  4.border n.

  vt. &vi. 與……接壤;接近 a border town 邊境城市 the border of the lake 湖邊 on the border of 將要,,border on sth. 接近某物,

  [即學即練4](1)France ________ Germany ______ parts of the Rhine.法國沿萊茵河部分河段與德國接壤。(2)She felt an anxiety ___________ ______ hysteria. 她感覺到一種近乎歇斯底里的焦慮。(3)The large garden ______ __________ ______ a stream. 大花園緊臨著一條小溪。

  B

  6.distance n. v. 不介入;與……疏遠 distant adj. 遙遠的;遠處的;久遠的 at a distance 隔一段距離;距離稍遠 in the distance 在遠方 out of distance from 離……太遠,keep sb. at a distance 對……冷淡,keep one‘s distance from 與……保持距離 distance yourself from 不介入;與……疏遠

  [即學即練6](1)I don't know ______ _________(距離) from Beijing to Shanghai. (2)The hospital is ______ ______ (不遠) at all. (3)The oil painting looks better ______ ______ ______(遠看起來). (4)______ ______ ___________(從遠處),I would see them waving their hands. (5)I can see a light ______

  ______ _________(). the distance/not distant/at a distance/in the distance

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