2024屆高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)課時(shí)知能訓(xùn)練：人教版選修7 Unit 3《Under the sea》
課時(shí)知能訓(xùn)練
Ⅰ.完形填空
Shopping habits in the United States have changed greatly in the last quarter of the 20th century.Early in the 1900s most American towns and cities had a Main Street.Main Street was always in the heart of a town.This street was __1__on both sides with many __2__ businesses.Here，shoppers walked into stores to look at all sorts of merchandise：clothing，furniture，hardware，groceries.__3__，some shops offered __4__.These shops included drugstores，restaurants，shoe-repair stores，and barber or hairdressing shops.__5__ in the 1950s，a change began to __6__.Too many automobiles had crowded into Main Street while too few parking places were __7__ shoppers.Because the streets were crowded，merchants began to look with interest at the open spaces __8__the city limits.Open space is what their car-driving customers needed.
And open space is what they got when the first shopping centre was built.Shopping centres，or rather malls，__9__ as a collection of small new stores __10__crowded city centres.__11__ by hundreds of free parking space，customers were drawn away from __12__ areas to outlying malls.And the growing __13__ of shopping centres led __14__to the building of bigger and better stocked stores.By the late 1970s，many shopping malls had almost developed into small cities themselves.In addition to providing the __15__ of one stop shopping，malls were transformed into landscaped parks，with benches，fountains，and outdoor entertainment.
1．A.built B．designed
C．intended
D．lined
【解析】 本句的意思是“街道的兩旁排列著很多各種各樣的商店”，build的意思是“建造，修建”；design的意思是“設(shè)計(jì)”；intend意思是“打算”；line是“沿……排列”的意思。
【答案】 D
2．A.varied
B．various
C．sorted
D．mixed-up
【解析】 varied是“變化多端”的意思；various為“各種各樣的”；sorted意為“分類的”；mixed-up意為“困惑的，迷惘的，不適應(yīng)社會(huì)的”。本句意為“各種各樣的商店”。
【答案】 B
3．A.Apart from
B．However
C．In addition
D．As well
【解析】 本句的意思是“除了各種各樣的商店銷售各種各樣的商品之外，有些商店還提供服務(wù)”。apart from意為“除此之外”，后必須接名詞或動(dòng)名詞；however是連詞“然而”的意思；in addition可單獨(dú)使用，意為“除此之外”；as well用在句末。
【答案】 C
4．A.medical care
B．food
C．cosmetics
D．services
【解析】 medical care意為“醫(yī)療護(hù)理”。food是“食物”；cosmetic是“化妝品”；service是“服務(wù)”。根據(jù)上題意思，services一詞放在這里最合適。
【答案】 D
5．A.Suddenly
B．Abruptly
C．Contrarily
D．But
【解析】 本句的意思是“在五十年代，情況發(fā)生了變化”，有轉(zhuǎn)折的意思。suddenly和abruptly都是“突然的”意思；contrarily指“相反地”；but是“但是”的意思，表轉(zhuǎn)折。
【答案】 D
6．A.be taking place
B．take place
C．be taken place
D．have taken place
【解析】 take place只有主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，故可排除C，而begin to后接動(dòng)詞原形，且為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，故只有take place“發(fā)生”可用。
【答案】 B
7．A.available for
B．a(chǎn)vailable to
C．used by
D．ready for
【解析】 be available to sb.為固定搭配，意為“對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)可用的，可得到的”，本句意為“顧客可用的停車場(chǎng)地”，故選B。
【答案】 B
8．A.over
B．from
C．out of
D．outside
【解析】 本句意為“商人們開(kāi)始對(duì)城市界限以外的開(kāi)闊地感興趣”。out of表示“……的外面”而outside指“超過(guò)某一個(gè)界限，范圍等”。
【答案】 D
9．A.started
B．founded
C．set up
D．organized
【解析】 本句的意思是“購(gòu)物中心是從聚集一些小的店鋪開(kāi)始的”，只有started as有此意。
【答案】 A
10．A.out of
B．a(chǎn)way from
C．next to
D．near
【解析】 本句意為“遠(yuǎn)離擁擠的市中心”，out of指“在……之外”；away from表示距離；“遠(yuǎn)離”，next to指“靠近，下一個(gè)”；near是“近”的意思。
【答案】 B
11．A.Attracted
B．Surprised
C．Delighted
D．Enjoyed
【解析】 本句意為“被……所吸引”，surprise意為“使……驚奇”；delight意為“使……喜悅”；enjoy意為“欣賞，喜愛(ài)”。
【答案】 A
12．A.inner
B．central
C．shopping
D．downtown
【解析】 本句意為“顧客從市區(qū)被吸引到城市以外的商業(yè)中心”。只有downtown“市區(qū)”符合此意。
【答案】 D
13．A.distinction
B．fame
C．popularity
D．liking
【解析】 本句意為“這些購(gòu)物中心越來(lái)越大的名氣反過(guò)來(lái)導(dǎo)致了更大、設(shè)備更好的商店的建成”。distinction“聲望”；fame“卓越，名聲”；popularity“名氣很大，知名度很高”；liking“喜愛(ài)，喜好”。
【答案】 C
14．A.on
B．in turn
C．by turns
D．further
【解析】 根據(jù)上題解釋，in turn應(yīng)為“依次”的意思，引申為“反過(guò)來(lái)”。
【答案】 B
15．A.cheapness
B．readiness
C．convenience
D．handiness
【解析】 這里convenience與providing組成短語(yǔ)“提供方便，便利”，符合上下文句意。本句意為“商業(yè)街被變成了帶有長(zhǎng)椅、噴泉及戶外娛樂(lè)的風(fēng)景優(yōu)美的公園”。
【答案】 C
Ⅱ.語(yǔ)法填空
(2024·深圳調(diào)研)Some people live in the world for body while others for dignity.
I once took a walk along the street 1.________a Saturday dusk，with a Pepsi can in my hand.An old woman in ragged clothes，2.________was living on collecting used cans，jars and tins，moved slowly towards me，with a bag on the back！3.________(walk) nearer，she looked up at me and then fixed her eyes on my can.At that time，I hadn't finished my cola，so I gave 4.________several coins instead.
She stared at me for a few seconds 5.________handed back the money.Quite confused，I asked：“Why not? Isn't that 6.________you want？”
“I am not a beggar，” she said 7.________(serious)，word by word.
Instantly，I felt so sorry.I had intended 8.________(help) her，completely misunderstanding her.Thus I hurt her.What I could do at that moment was only to drink up the cola and handed her 9.________emptied can.This time，she gave me a smile with 10.________(satisfy) and gratitude in her eyes.The woman is poor in material life but is so respectable as a man.I am not only moved but also have learned a good lesson.
【語(yǔ)篇解讀】 本文是一篇具有教育意義的文章。講述了作者和一位以揀垃圾為生的老婦人之間的故事，從中作者領(lǐng)悟到了如何保持做人的尊嚴(yán)。
1．on 表達(dá)在星期幾用介詞on，on a Saturday dusk意為“在一個(gè)星期六的黃昏”。
2．who 此處是一個(gè)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是an old woman，指人，又因定語(yǔ)從句中缺少主語(yǔ)，故用who。
3．Walking walk與主語(yǔ)she之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用walk的現(xiàn)在分詞形式。
4．her 此處指“我”給她幾枚硬幣，在動(dòng)詞后用代詞的賓格形式。
5．a(chǎn)nd “hand back”這一動(dòng)作緊接著“stare at me”發(fā)生，and有“然后，接著”之意，因此用and。
6．what 空格部分引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句并在從句中作want的賓語(yǔ)，故用what。
7．seriously 修飾動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用副詞，故此處用seriously。
8．to help intend to do sth.意為“打算做某事”。故用to help。
9．the emptied can特指上文提到的“我”的可樂(lè)罐，故用定冠詞the。
10．satisfaction with是介詞，其后必須跟名詞或代詞作其賓語(yǔ)，故此處用satisfy的名詞形式satisfaction。
Ⅲ.閱讀理解
A
Anyone who has ever run a marathon knows how difficult it is to complete the distance.Now imagine running 142 of them，back to back—a feat that Minnesota resident Steven Knowlton has just completed.
Mr.Knowlton began his run on July 30th from Seattle，Washington.From there he ran his way through Oregon，Idaho and then on to the Rocky Mountains in Wyoming and Colorado.He then jogged his way through Kansas and Missouri，before continuing east and south through Kentucky，Tennessee，Mississippi，Alabama and Georgia.On Saturday，November 13th，after 100 days，3,715 miles and six pairs of sneakers，he finally reached his destination—Key Largo，F(xiàn)lorida.
While that in itself is incredible，what is even more so is the fact that he did it without taking a day of rest and with no support or back-up vehicle.Instead，he wheeled along a baby stroller(嬰兒車)，filled with drinks，snacks and an extra pair of shoes.The 45-year-old man says that he ran through painful shin splits(脛部開(kāi)裂)，extreme tiredness and bad weather，because if he took a break，he would lose his courage and be tempted to take many more!
Having completed over 43 marathons and 2 ultramarathons(double the distance)，with his earliest one at the age of nine，Mr.Knowlton is no stranger to long-distance runs.However，this brilliant one was done for a cause—to raise funds for and awareness of Crohn's disease，something he has suffered from since he was 17.
Mr.Knowlton who is currently enjoying some well-deserved rest on the beautiful beaches of Florida，says the run will be
memorable for many reasons，not the least of which is the kindness
of strangers who offered him food，money and even shelter along the way.His biggest issue？Police officials stopped him especially when he was running across highways，because they believed he was endangering a baby in his stroller!
【語(yǔ)篇解讀】 Mr.Knowlton 為了給節(jié)段性回腸炎籌集資金而在100天內(nèi)跑完相當(dāng)于142個(gè)馬拉松長(zhǎng)的距離。
1．We can learn about Mr.Knowlton that________.
A．he completed about 142 marathons in half a year
B．he is a person living in the state of Minnesota
C．he arrived at his destination on a Saturday in July
D．he began his first marathon when he was seventeen
【解析】 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“a feat that Minnesota resident Steven Knowlton has just completed”可知答案。
【答案】 B
2．Which is the RIGHT time order for Mr.Knowlton running across the following places?
A．Washington — Kansas — Kentucky — Idaho — Georgia — Florida
B．Washington — Kansas — Idaho — Kentucky — Georgia — Florida
C．Idaho — Washington — Kansas — Georgia — Florida — Kentucky
D．Washington — Idaho — Kansas — Kentucky — Georgia — Florida
【解析】 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容可知。
【答案】 D
3．The most striking fact of his feat is that________.
A．he finished such a long run in a shortet time than expected
B．he took a baby along with him during the long journey
C．he ran through painful shin splits and extreme tiredness
D．he ran non-stop，providing himself with all necessities along the way
【解析】 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“While that in itself is incredible，what is even more so is the fact that he did it without taking a day of rest and with no support or back-up vehicle”可知答案。
【答案】 D
4．Mr.Knowlton did such an extremely long run partly because________.
A．he was fond of running marathons
B．he had long been dreaming of running across the country
C．he wanted to make people know more about Crohn's disease
D．he wanted to collect money to cure his Crohn's disease
【解析】 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“However，this brilliant one was done for a cause—to raise funds for and awareness of Crohn's disease”可知答案。
【答案】 C
5．From the passage，we can infer that________.
A．help from strangers impressed Mr.Knowlton
B．Mr.Knowlton was once arrested by the police
C．taking a rest in the long run would make Mr.Knowlton braver
D．Mr.Knowlton valued his health more than his goal
【解析】 推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“not the least of which is the kindness of strangers who offered him food，money and even shelter along the way”可知答案。
【答案】 A
B
For years children in the industrial areas of Europe and America seldom left their smoky cities to see the beauty of the countryside.Not that the woods and fields were always far away，but they were too far from the city to permit people to make a round trip between morning and nightfall.What's more，factory workers did not have enough money to send their children on country holidays away from home.
In 1907 a young German schoolmaster had an idea which changed this state of affairs.He decided to turn his little schoolhouse into a dormitory for the summer holidays.Anyone who brought his sleeping bag and cooking equipment along could stay there for a very small amount of money.The idea was a success.A few years later the schoolhouse was far too small to hold so many young people who wanted to stay there.So，a dormitory was set up in an old castle nearby.This was the first Youth Hostel.
Today young students and workers of every country can meet in the hostels and get to know each other.Some spend a week or more in the same hostel，seeing the surrounding sights and meeting the people of the area.Other youths go on foot or by bicycle from place to place，spending a night or two in one hostel，then going to the next.
Sometimes an informal program will be organized after the meal，with dances，songs，or short talks followed by a question period.One can learn a lot about other places，just by meeting people who come from these places.For this reason，a few weeks spent “hostelling” can be just as useful a part of one's education as classes in school.
【語(yǔ)篇解讀】 對(duì)城里的孩子而言，到鄉(xiāng)村游玩，接觸大自然是一件愜意的事情，但是他們往往受路途遙遠(yuǎn)和費(fèi)用的限制。文章介紹了歐美國(guó)家青年旅社的產(chǎn)生和好處。
6．The reason why children in the industrial areas seldom left their smoky cities was that ________.
A．they didn't like the beauty of the countryside at all
B．their parents' income was not high enough to pay for the cost
C．they couldn't make a round trip between morning and nightfall because of the distance
D．Both B & C
【解析】 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段可知，路途遠(yuǎn)不能夠一天來(lái)回并且父母很難支付費(fèi)用使很多城里的孩子很少到鄉(xiāng)下感受大自然的美。
