2024屆湖南長沙市高考英語二輪閱讀理解訓練（48）（含答案）
湖南長沙市2024高考英語（二輪）閱讀理解訓練（48）及答案
閱讀理解, 從給的四個選項 (A、B、C和D) 中, 選出最佳選項。
The Renaissance，considered by modern scholars to have been the time between 1,300 and 1,600，was a period of European history when many new inventions and beliefs came into being.
The Renaissance is traced back to rich Italian cities such as Florence，Milan，and Venice.In these cities businessmen started to spend their extra money on things like painting and education，and to consider new techniques of banking and systems of government.A new type of scholar，the humanist(人文主義者)arose.Humanism was concerned with humankind and culture.Latin and Greek，literature and philosophy，music and mathematics were among the subjects humanists studied.
The Renaissance gave rise to new forms of painting and
sculpture.During
the
Renaissance，artists were no longer regarded as mere artisans(工匠)．Many artists drew on mathematics in order to become more accurate in their measurements(度量)and to make sure an object was presented in realistic proportions.They also studied the way light hits objects and the ways our eyes perceive it.A new kind of paint，called oil paint，was invented.
The Renaissance affected all of the society.Many people became interested in politics，and the world outside their towns.They became explorers，businessmen，etc.The effect on religion was especially strong.In the Middle Ages people were primarily concerned with serving the church and getting to heaven.But the increase in arts
and education gave
people things to look forward to in life，and made them lose interest in the church.
The
Renaissance
produced
many
great minds.Leonardo da Vinci was one of the greatest，although he was not regarded that way at the time.Among his many works of art were Mona Lisa and The Last Supper.He is also regarded as a great inventor，and is credited for coming up with the idea of the helicopter.
1. According to the second paragraph，the Renaissance________.
A．occurred all over Europe
B．started in Italy
C．influenced art，finance，and physical education
D．was the most popular in Florence
答案：B 細節理解題。根據文章第二段“The Renaissance is traced back to rich Italian cities such as Florence，Milan and Venice.”可知，文藝復興運動始于意大利，所以正確答案為B項。
2．Which of the followings took place during the Renaissance?
A．People stopped going to church.
B．New forms of painting emerged.
C．Oil paint became very popular.
D．The humanists disappeared.
答案：B 細節理解題。根據文章第三段“The Renaissance gave rise to new forms of painting and sculpture.”及“A new kind of paint，called oil paint，was invented.”可知，油畫這種新的繪畫形式在文藝復興時期出現了，所以正確答案為B項。
3．We can learn from the passage that________.
A．during the Renaissance many explorers and map-makers appeared
B．businessmen started the Renaissance
C people's interest in education declined
D．the humanists took power during the Renaissance
答案：A 細節理解題。根據第三段及第四段的“Many peopole became interested in politics，and the world outside their towns.They became explorers，businessmen，etc.”可知，在文藝復興時期出現了許多探險家、商人和制圖師，所以正確答案為A項。
4．Which of the following statements about Leonardo da Vinci is NOT true?
A．He created The Last Supper.
B．He was a great inventor.
C．He was the first to imagine the helicopter.
D．Many people of his time considered him a genius.
答案：D 細節理解題。根據文章最后一段的“Leonardo da Vinci was one of the greatest，although he was not regarded that way at the time.”可知，萊奧納多·達·芬奇在他所生活的時代并沒有被認為是天才，所以正確答案為D項。
5．What does the author mainly talk about in this passage?
A．The Renaissance in Europe.
B．The birthplace of the Renaissance.
C．The effects of the Renaissance.
D．Some famous artists in Europe.
答案：C 主旨大意題。文章主要介紹了文藝復興給整個社會所帶來的影響，以及這個時期社會上所出現的新現象。閱讀理解閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項。
The story all began with a simple announcement from the church wall one Sunday morning. LaSalle Street Church’s pastor, Laura Truax，told his 320 regular members that the church had recently received a large $ 1. 6 million profit in a real estate deal (房 地產交易） and that she would set aside that amount by 10 percent to divide among her parishioners (教區居民).Each would get a $500 check to do something positive for someone, and someone could be the parishioners themselves. The money came with no conditions attached; parishioners did not have to provide proof of money spent. It just came with the hope that the money would be used for good.
LaSalle’s congregation (集會）is racially and financially diverse; More than 60 percent of members have advanced degrees while about a third live a paycheck-to-paycheck life. Truax had no idea how her experiment would work. She only hoped that it would make her parishioners a part of the giving process and engage them in the church and in their community. So far, her idea seems to be paying off.
Checks from LaSalle Street Church have been used to fund everything from swall international projects---including a school in the Himalayas, a health clinic in and an irrigation project in Tanzania---to help local families and friends in trouble. One congregant is helping to fund a skateboarding park in Amman, Jordaa, where he lived for many years. Another is using her money to start a scholarship foundation for local kids. Another has used her money to buy winter clothing for the kids at her daughter's school.
"1 hoped that they would recognize the power they had to bless others and change somebody's life, "Truax told Yahoo News. “I hoped that they would see their connection between their little piece and the bigger thing the church was called to
1. Why did Laura Truax hand out some money to the church members?
A. To help them to make & living.
B. To encourage them to do a good deed.
C. To reward them for their hard work.
D. To employ them to repair the church.
2. We can learn from Paragraph 2 that most people of LaSalle's congregation________ 。
A. are from the city
B.lead a miserable life
C. have received good education
D. own a lot of money
3. By the underlined part "So far, her idea seems to be paying off", the writer means "It seems that ______. "
A. LaSalle's experiment is successful so far
B. LaSalle is more clever than other people
C. the parishioners support LaSalle’s plan now
D. LaSalle has made a lot of money by now
4. The parishioners have spent their money in the fields of ________。
A. science, culture and travel
B. industry, agriculture and military
C. economy, politics and entertainment
D. education, medicine and sports
參考答案1—4、BCAD
閱讀下列四篇短文，從每小題后所給的A,B,C或D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。
You know eating fruit and vegetables does good. But do you know it can also make you look good? People who increased their intake over just six weeks developed a healthy glow and appeared more attractive, researchers found. Scientists at St Andrews University found eating them slightly increased yellow and red pigments in the volunteers' skin. They monitored the food intake of 35 people and took pictures of their faces, arms and hands using a sensitive camera at the start, and after three and six weeks. Increasing their intake of greens by 2.9 portions a day was found to make the person look more healthy and an extra 3.3 portions could enhance their attractiveness, when their photographs were rated by others.
Fruit and vegetables are rich in carotenoids(類胡蘿卜素)，which are known to protect against cell damage from pollution and UV rays, and can also prevent age-related diseases including heart disease and cancer. But while it was known eating extreme amounts of certain vegetables such as carrots could turn skin orange，it was not known a small increase was perceptible(被覺察）to others—and was seen as appealing.
A camera measured changes to the skin's redness, yellowness and lightness, and found it significantly changed in people who naturally increased their intake. These changes were not evident in three weeks. Using light sensors, the researchers showed these red and yellow hues were linked with the levels of carotenoids in their skin. There are hundreds of carotenoids but those thought to have the most dramatic effect are lycopene(番茄紅素)—which gives tomatoes and red peppers their red colour—and beta-carotene found in carrots as well as broccoli, squash, and spinach. Skin colour is also affected by chemicals called polyphenols(多元酚)，found in apples, blueberries and cherries, which cause blood rush to the skin surface.
1. What do we know from the research?
A. If you take in a little more fruit and vegetables, you will obviously look more attractive in three weeks.
B. The researchers took the pictures of the 35 people in the research at different stages.
C. Increasing your intake of greens by 2.9 portions a day can greatly improve your health.
D. People who increased their intake of greens by 3.3 portions a day were found the most attractive after six weeks.
2. Which of the following is NOT the function of carotenoids？
A. They can protect against cell damage from pollution and UV rays.
B. They can prevent heart disease and cancer.
C. They can prevent age-related diseases.
D. They can keep you in good health.
3. Which of the statements is NOT TRUE according to the passage?
A. We've already known eating extreme amounts of carrots can turn skin orange.
B. We knew in the past that eating a few more carrots could make us look appealing.
C. The research showed the improvement in skin is linked with the levels of carotenoids in it.
D. Among hundreds of carotenoids, lycopene is thought to have the most dramatic
4. We can infer from the passage that _____.
A. skin's redness, yellowness and lightness make a person look more healthy and attractive
B. carotenoids have the same effect as lycopene
C. it is carotenoids that give tomatoes and red peppers their red colour
D. both beta-carotene and polyphenols affect skin colour by causing blood rush to the skin surface
5. Which can be the best title of the passage?
A. Eating fruit and vegetables does good.
B. Fruit and vegetables are rich in carotenoids.
C. How to become attractive？
D. Eating fruit and vegetables makes you look good.
【參考答案】1—5、BDBAD
閱讀理解。閱讀下列四篇短文，從每小題后所給的A,B,C或D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。
Not all bodies of water are so evidently alive as the Atlantic Ocean，an S-shaped body of water covering 33 million square miles.The Atlantic has，in a sense，replaced the Mediterranean as the inland sea of Western civilization.Unlike real inland seas，which seem strangely still，the Atlantic is rich in oceanic liveliness.It is perhaps not surprising that its vitality has been much written about by ancient poets.
“Storm at Sea”，a short poem written around 700，is generally regarded as one of mankind's earliest artistic representations of the Atlantic.
When the wind is from the west
All the waves that cannot rest
To the east must thunder on
Where the bright tree of the sun
Is rooted in the ocean's breast.
As the poem suggests，the Atlantic is never dead and dull.It is an ocean that moves，impressively and endlessly.It makes all kinds of noise—it is forever thundering，boiling，crashing，and whistling.
It is easy to imagine the Atlantic trying to draw breath－perhaps not so noticeably out in mid-ocean，but where it meets land，its waters bathing up and down a sandy beach.It mimics(模仿)nearly perfectly the steady breathing of a living creature.It is filled with symbiotic existences，too：unimaginable quantities of creatures，little and large alike，mix within its depths in a kind of oceanic harmony，giving to the waters a feeling of heartbeat，a kind of sub-ocean vitality.And it has a psychology.It has personalities：sometimes peaceful and pleasant，on rare occasions rough and wild；always it is strong and striking.
．Unlike real inland seas，the Atlantic Ocean is ________.
A．always energetic
B．lacking in liveliness
C．shaped like a square
D．favored by ancient poets
解析 細節理解題。從第一段中的“Unlike real inland seas，which seem strangely still，the Atlantic is rich in oceanic liveliness.”可知，liveliness(精力充沛，活躍)與energetic近義，故答案為A項。
答案 A．What is the purpose of using the poem “Storm at Sea” in the passage?
A．To describe the movement of the waves.
B．To show the strength of the storm.
C．To represent the power of the ocean.
D．To prove the vastness of the sea.
解析 推理判斷題。從詩歌下面的一段“As the poem suggests，the Atlantic is never dead and dull.It is an ocean that moves，impressively and endlessly.It makes all kinds of noise－it is forever thundering，boiling，crashing，and whistling.”可知，這首詩主要向我們描述了海洋的強大力量。
答案 C．What does the underlined word “symbiotic” mean?
A．Living together.
B．Growing fast.
C．Moving harmoniously.
D．Breathing peacefully.
解析 詞義猜測題。劃線單詞所在的句子后邊用了冒號，后邊的內容是對前邊句子的解釋，從下文“unimaginable quantities of creatures，little and large alike，mix within its depths in a kind of oceanic harmony”中的mix within等字眼可知，劃線單詞意為“共生的”，故A項符合要求。
答案 A．In the last paragraph，the Atlantic is compared to ________.
A．a beautiful and poetic place
B．a flesh and blood person
C．a wonderful world
D．a lovely animal
解析 推理判斷題。從最后一句“It has personalities：sometimes peaceful and pleasant，on rare occasions rough and wild；always it is strong and striking.”中可以看出，大西洋有個性：有時安靜，有時野蠻等，把這些用來描繪人的詞匯用來描寫大西洋，所以此處把大西洋比喻成了一個有血有肉的人。
答案 B
