職稱(chēng)英語(yǔ)《綜合類(lèi)》考試語(yǔ)法講解:情態(tài)動(dòng)詞
can / may / should / ought to / must / need等動(dòng)詞稱(chēng)為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞有三大特征:一是無(wú)人稱(chēng)和數(shù)的變化,二是后面跟的動(dòng)詞不帶to,三是后面 + not構(gòu)成否定式,比較:
He neednt go there so early.
You do not need to be an expert to make this simple design.
在講解情態(tài)動(dòng)詞完成式前,先將一般式中應(yīng)注意的幾個(gè)問(wèn)題提一下,以引起必要的重視。
1.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞一般式中應(yīng)注意的幾個(gè)問(wèn)題:
注意以下用法的習(xí)慣與區(qū)別:
He must be a doctor.
否定:He cant be a doctor.
又如:They cant be working now.
May I go now?
回答:Yes, please. / Please dont.
have to 與 must
1) 當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)外界原因時(shí),2) 當(dāng)與將來(lái)時(shí)結(jié)合時(shí),用have to,
例如:
Since it is raining, we have to sty indoors.
You will have to hurry if you want to catch the 9:30 train.
3) 表示自然規(guī)律或必然結(jié)果,用must,
例如:
All men must die.
can 與be able to
can表示能力,但不一定做了或做成了;be able to 表示有能力并且做成了,相當(dāng)于succeed in doing, 例如:
The patient is able to walk now.
The patient can walk now.
Shall I / we? 表示征求對(duì)方意見(jiàn); + shall表示允諾或警告,例如:
Shall I fetch a doctor for you?
You shall be sorry for what you have done.
Will you.? 表示請(qǐng)求, 例如:
Don be late for the meeting next time, will you?
比較:I would remind you that smoking is forbidden here.
neednt 的肯定式為must,例如:
You neednt see him, but I must.
cannot but + 原形動(dòng)詞 , 例如:
I cannot but tell you the truth.
2.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的完成式:
情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的一般式用于表達(dá)現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)的情況,而情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的完成式則用來(lái)表達(dá)已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事情,例如:你不應(yīng)該來(lái)得那么晚。這是對(duì)已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事情表示自己的看法:You shouldnt have come so late.
can / may / should / ought to / must / need等動(dòng)詞稱(chēng)為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞有三大特征:一是無(wú)人稱(chēng)和數(shù)的變化,二是后面跟的動(dòng)詞不帶to,三是后面 + not構(gòu)成否定式,比較:
He neednt go there so early.
You do not need to be an expert to make this simple design.
在講解情態(tài)動(dòng)詞完成式前,先將一般式中應(yīng)注意的幾個(gè)問(wèn)題提一下,以引起必要的重視。
1.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞一般式中應(yīng)注意的幾個(gè)問(wèn)題:
注意以下用法的習(xí)慣與區(qū)別:
He must be a doctor.
否定:He cant be a doctor.
又如:They cant be working now.
May I go now?
回答:Yes, please. / Please dont.
have to 與 must
1) 當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)外界原因時(shí),2) 當(dāng)與將來(lái)時(shí)結(jié)合時(shí),用have to,
例如:
Since it is raining, we have to sty indoors.
You will have to hurry if you want to catch the 9:30 train.
3) 表示自然規(guī)律或必然結(jié)果,用must,
例如:
All men must die.
can 與be able to
can表示能力,但不一定做了或做成了;be able to 表示有能力并且做成了,相當(dāng)于succeed in doing, 例如:
The patient is able to walk now.
The patient can walk now.
Shall I / we? 表示征求對(duì)方意見(jiàn); + shall表示允諾或警告,例如:
Shall I fetch a doctor for you?
You shall be sorry for what you have done.
Will you.? 表示請(qǐng)求, 例如:
Don be late for the meeting next time, will you?
比較:I would remind you that smoking is forbidden here.
neednt 的肯定式為must,例如:
You neednt see him, but I must.
cannot but + 原形動(dòng)詞 , 例如:
I cannot but tell you the truth.
2.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的完成式:
情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的一般式用于表達(dá)現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)的情況,而情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的完成式則用來(lái)表達(dá)已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事情,例如:你不應(yīng)該來(lái)得那么晚。這是對(duì)已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事情表示自己的看法:You shouldnt have come so late.