英語六級考試寫作分段逐句指導推展句
主題句指出影響氣候的幾個因素。然后用四個擴展句說明四種因素。第一種是太陽光的接收量,第二種是海拔高度,第三句和第四句分別是海洋和大氣環流因素。
2.2 次要推展句
次要推展句是指對主要推展句作進一步的事實分析和舉例說明。它從屬于某一個或某幾個推展句。
例2:I dont teach because teaching is easy for me. Teaching is the most difficult of the various ways I have attempted to earn my living: mechanic, carpenter, writer. For me, teaching is a red-eye, sweaty-palm, sinking-stomach profession. Red-eye, because I never feel ready to teach no matter how late I stay up preparing. Sweaty-palm, because Im always nervous before I enter the classroom, sure that I will be found out for the fool that I am. Sinking-stomach, because I leave the classroom an hour later convinced that I was even more boring than usual.
從屬于主要推展句2的三個次要推展句起著解釋說明作用,分別解釋red-eye, sweaty-palm, sinking-stomach的含義,這就更加形象生動地證明了 teaching is not easy 這個主題。
2.3 主要推展句與次要推展句的關系
主要推展句與次要推展句的關系基本可以遵循下面的三部分規則。
1〕每個主要推展句都應該是對主題句中表示主要思想的關鍵詞的直接、明確的說明。
2〕每個次要推展句都應該說明它的主要推展句。
3〕含有討論說明或分析的問題通常既要有主要推展素材,又要有次要推展素材。
2.4 寫好推展句的方法
主題句及關鍵詞確定后,開始選擇和主題有關的信息和素材。實質上,針對關鍵詞測試每一個所選擇的素材就是一個分類的過程。有一種常用的方法就是句子展開前加以設問,然后解答,即設問-解答的方法。下面我們通過舉例來看一看這種分類過程是如何完成的。例3:
假設 Topic sentence: English is an international language?
設問 Why can we say English is an international language?
解答
Because: English is spoken by pilots and airport control operators on all the airways of the world.
Because: Over 70 percent of the worlds mail is written in English.
Because: More than 60 percent of the worlds radio programs are in English.
Because: Pakistan was once one of the British colonies.
Because: Many members of the International Language Society are selected from English-spoken countries.
從上面可以看出,最初的三個推展句是和關鍵詞an international language一致的。第四句和主題句不統一,盡管第四句會成為另一主題句很好的推展句。第五句說服力不強。
當然,在寫成段落時,沒有必要在每個句子開頭寫上 because,但是,在動筆展開句子時,頭腦里要想著這個詞,這種檢驗方法能幫助你把注意力集中在某個重心,圍繞主題思想層層展開。
上面我們討論了主要推展句的一種展開方法。而展開次要推展句的方法與主要推展句類似,這里我們就不再復述了。
主題句指出影響氣候的幾個因素。然后用四個擴展句說明四種因素。第一種是太陽光的接收量,第二種是海拔高度,第三句和第四句分別是海洋和大氣環流因素。
2.2 次要推展句
次要推展句是指對主要推展句作進一步的事實分析和舉例說明。它從屬于某一個或某幾個推展句。
例2:I dont teach because teaching is easy for me. Teaching is the most difficult of the various ways I have attempted to earn my living: mechanic, carpenter, writer. For me, teaching is a red-eye, sweaty-palm, sinking-stomach profession. Red-eye, because I never feel ready to teach no matter how late I stay up preparing. Sweaty-palm, because Im always nervous before I enter the classroom, sure that I will be found out for the fool that I am. Sinking-stomach, because I leave the classroom an hour later convinced that I was even more boring than usual.
從屬于主要推展句2的三個次要推展句起著解釋說明作用,分別解釋red-eye, sweaty-palm, sinking-stomach的含義,這就更加形象生動地證明了 teaching is not easy 這個主題。
2.3 主要推展句與次要推展句的關系
主要推展句與次要推展句的關系基本可以遵循下面的三部分規則。
1〕每個主要推展句都應該是對主題句中表示主要思想的關鍵詞的直接、明確的說明。
2〕每個次要推展句都應該說明它的主要推展句。
3〕含有討論說明或分析的問題通常既要有主要推展素材,又要有次要推展素材。
2.4 寫好推展句的方法
主題句及關鍵詞確定后,開始選擇和主題有關的信息和素材。實質上,針對關鍵詞測試每一個所選擇的素材就是一個分類的過程。有一種常用的方法就是句子展開前加以設問,然后解答,即設問-解答的方法。下面我們通過舉例來看一看這種分類過程是如何完成的。例3:
假設 Topic sentence: English is an international language?
設問 Why can we say English is an international language?
解答
Because: English is spoken by pilots and airport control operators on all the airways of the world.
Because: Over 70 percent of the worlds mail is written in English.
Because: More than 60 percent of the worlds radio programs are in English.
Because: Pakistan was once one of the British colonies.
Because: Many members of the International Language Society are selected from English-spoken countries.
從上面可以看出,最初的三個推展句是和關鍵詞an international language一致的。第四句和主題句不統一,盡管第四句會成為另一主題句很好的推展句。第五句說服力不強。
當然,在寫成段落時,沒有必要在每個句子開頭寫上 because,但是,在動筆展開句子時,頭腦里要想著這個詞,這種檢驗方法能幫助你把注意力集中在某個重心,圍繞主題思想層層展開。
上面我們討論了主要推展句的一種展開方法。而展開次要推展句的方法與主要推展句類似,這里我們就不再復述了。