四級閱讀巧做細節題
在最近幾次的四級考試當細節題所占比例有所增加，從2006年題型改革之前的40%提高到50%。我們可以這么說，得細節題者得天下。不過非常可惜的是，考生們在細節題部分的得分率并不理想?！ ∑鋵嵔涍^一段時間的復習之后考生們已經能夠對一些基本解題思路比較清楚，也能夠形成一套固定的解題流程。比如，解決細節題，首先就是在題干中尋找關鍵詞，然后將關鍵詞代入文章找到它在原文中的位置，接著仔細分析該句然后找到對應選項。不過，在多年的教學當中筆者發現，恰巧是最后一步找到與原文對應的選項成為了絕大多數考生的攔路虎。廣大考生所面臨的實際情況是，文章好像也看懂了，重點也找到了，但是四個選項看起來卻是亂花漸欲迷人眼讓人無所適從癥結所在就是無法找到真正與原文對應的最佳選項，欠缺應有的甄別能力。這個問題該如何解決呢?這就是今天要向讀者朋友們介紹的方法：逐詞對應法。下面筆者將結合一篇四級閱讀真題，對此加以說明?！ n communities north of Denver, residents are pitching in to help teachers and administrators as the Vrain school District tries to solve a $13.8 million budget shortage blamed on mismanagement. Were worried about our teachers and principals, and we really dont want to lose them because of this, one parent sail. If we can help ease their financial burden, we will. The 22,000-student district discovered the shortage last month. Its extraordinary. Nobody would have imagined something happening like this at this level, said State Treasurer Mike Coffman?！ t Coffmans request, the District Attorney has begun investigating the districts finances. Coffman says he wants to know whether district officials hid the budget shortage until after the November election, when voters approved a $212 million bond issue for schools。
At Creek High School, three students started a website that displays newspaper articles, district information and an email forum。Rumors about whats happening to the district are moving at lighting speed, said a student. We wanted to know the truth, and spread that around instead。 28.In the view of State Treasurer Mike Coffman, the educational budget shortage is_________?！ ) unavoidable B) unthinkable C) insolvable D) irreversible 29.Why did Coffman request an investigation? A) To see if there was a deliberate cover-up of the problem?！ ) To find out the extent of the consequences of the case?！ ) To make sure that the school principals were innocent。 D) To stop the voters approving the $212 million bong issue?！ ?0.Three high school students started a website in order to__________。 A) attract greater public attention to their needs B) appeal to the public for contributions and donations C) expose officials who neglected their duties D) keep people properly informed of the crisis 28題問的是Mike Coffman對預算短缺問題看法。一般考生都可以分析出來此題所針對的是文章第2段當中Coffman所說的Nobody would have imagined something happening like this at this level。大概說來Coffman想要強調的是問題的嚴重性。不過分析四個選項之后我們發現命題者可謂是頗費心思，所設計的四個選項unavoidable 、unthinkable、insolvable還有irreversible都有問題嚴重這個含義在內，這就使得不少考生犯難了。而逐詞對應這個方法就是要告誡我們拋開對選項和原文的表面化和簡單化的了解，要深入到其中的核心詞匯，逐個加以分析。比如28題的四個選項，在經過縱向比較之后不難發現它們雖然表面意思比較接近但是其中的動詞詞根的意義差別卻相當巨大，分別為avoid、think、solve和reverse。接著我們回看原文，在Coffman所說的這句話中真正的實義動詞就是imagine。很明顯，只有B選項的think最能夠傳達原文的意思?！ ?9題問Coffman為什么要求對該地財政狀況進行調查。第三段第二句告訴我們he wants to know whether district officials hid the budget shortage until after the November election。根據逐詞對應的思路，我們首先要提煉出原文當中的核心詞匯尤其是實義動詞，因為動詞牽涉到全句的基本含義，所以實義動詞的提取和比較也就是它的精髓所在。原句的實義動詞有兩部分，首先是主句的wants to know，顯然D選項的動詞stop是無法與之對應的，自然被排除。接著我們又看到原句中的第二個動詞hid，在這兒它的意思是掩蓋。分析到此相信大家都明白了，能夠和它對等的就是B選項中的cover-up。逐詞對應避免了對無關或者多余信息的比較，直指核心，確實達到了事半功倍的效果?！ ∽詈笠活}在當年的考試當中是得分率最低的一個。但是在使用了逐詞對應之后相信讀者們會迅速做出正確判斷?！ ?0題針對的是全文最后一句，We wanted to know the truth, and spread that around instead。。不難發現這句話中的實義動詞有兩個，know和spread。值得注意的是這里的spread是傳播的意思。再來看看四個選項的動詞部分，A選項是attract，吸引;B選項是appeal to，在本句中的意思是呼吁;C選項是expose，揭露;D選項是動詞詞組，keep somebody informed，告知、通知某人。既然原文講到學生門成立網站的目的是要了解和傳播事實，那就是要讓大家都知道事實，或者說把事實情況告訴給周圍的人，顯而易見，D選項成為了不二的選擇。 綜上所述，逐詞對應法主要由兩個部分組成。首先是要提取核心詞匯主要是實義動詞理解它們在原文和選項中的正確含義;接下來只要找到包含與原文意義一致的選項即可。希望考生朋友們能夠仔細體會，幫助自己迅速提高解題正確率。
在最近幾次的四級考試當細節題所占比例有所增加，從2006年題型改革之前的40%提高到50%。我們可以這么說，得細節題者得天下。不過非?？上У氖?，考生們在細節題部分的得分率并不理想?！ ∑鋵嵔涍^一段時間的復習之后考生們已經能夠對一些基本解題思路比較清楚，也能夠形成一套固定的解題流程。比如，解決細節題，首先就是在題干中尋找關鍵詞，然后將關鍵詞代入文章找到它在原文中的位置，接著仔細分析該句然后找到對應選項。不過，在多年的教學當中筆者發現，恰巧是最后一步找到與原文對應的選項成為了絕大多數考生的攔路虎。廣大考生所面臨的實際情況是，文章好像也看懂了，重點也找到了，但是四個選項看起來卻是亂花漸欲迷人眼讓人無所適從癥結所在就是無法找到真正與原文對應的最佳選項，欠缺應有的甄別能力。這個問題該如何解決呢?這就是今天要向讀者朋友們介紹的方法：逐詞對應法。下面筆者將結合一篇四級閱讀真題，對此加以說明。 In communities north of Denver, residents are pitching in to help teachers and administrators as the Vrain school District tries to solve a $13.8 million budget shortage blamed on mismanagement. Were worried about our teachers and principals, and we really dont want to lose them because of this, one parent sail. If we can help ease their financial burden, we will. The 22,000-student district discovered the shortage last month. Its extraordinary. Nobody would have imagined something happening like this at this level, said State Treasurer Mike Coffman?！ t Coffmans request, the District Attorney has begun investigating the districts finances. Coffman says he wants to know whether district officials hid the budget shortage until after the November election, when voters approved a $212 million bond issue for schools。
At Creek High School, three students started a website that displays newspaper articles, district information and an email forum。Rumors about whats happening to the district are moving at lighting speed, said a student. We wanted to know the truth, and spread that around instead。 28.In the view of State Treasurer Mike Coffman, the educational budget shortage is_________。 A) unavoidable B) unthinkable C) insolvable D) irreversible 29.Why did Coffman request an investigation? A) To see if there was a deliberate cover-up of the problem?！ ) To find out the extent of the consequences of the case?！ ) To make sure that the school principals were innocent。 D) To stop the voters approving the $212 million bong issue?！ ?0.Three high school students started a website in order to__________。 A) attract greater public attention to their needs B) appeal to the public for contributions and donations C) expose officials who neglected their duties D) keep people properly informed of the crisis 28題問的是Mike Coffman對預算短缺問題看法。一般考生都可以分析出來此題所針對的是文章第2段當中Coffman所說的Nobody would have imagined something happening like this at this level。大概說來Coffman想要強調的是問題的嚴重性。不過分析四個選項之后我們發現命題者可謂是頗費心思，所設計的四個選項unavoidable 、unthinkable、insolvable還有irreversible都有問題嚴重這個含義在內，這就使得不少考生犯難了。而逐詞對應這個方法就是要告誡我們拋開對選項和原文的表面化和簡單化的了解，要深入到其中的核心詞匯，逐個加以分析。比如28題的四個選項，在經過縱向比較之后不難發現它們雖然表面意思比較接近但是其中的動詞詞根的意義差別卻相當巨大，分別為avoid、think、solve和reverse。接著我們回看原文，在Coffman所說的這句話中真正的實義動詞就是imagine。很明顯，只有B選項的think最能夠傳達原文的意思?！ ?9題問Coffman為什么要求對該地財政狀況進行調查。第三段第二句告訴我們he wants to know whether district officials hid the budget shortage until after the November election。根據逐詞對應的思路，我們首先要提煉出原文當中的核心詞匯尤其是實義動詞，因為動詞牽涉到全句的基本含義，所以實義動詞的提取和比較也就是它的精髓所在。原句的實義動詞有兩部分，首先是主句的wants to know，顯然D選項的動詞stop是無法與之對應的，自然被排除。接著我們又看到原句中的第二個動詞hid，在這兒它的意思是掩蓋。分析到此相信大家都明白了，能夠和它對等的就是B選項中的cover-up。逐詞對應避免了對無關或者多余信息的比較，直指核心，確實達到了事半功倍的效果?！ ∽詈笠活}在當年的考試當中是得分率最低的一個。但是在使用了逐詞對應之后相信讀者們會迅速做出正確判斷?！ ?0題針對的是全文最后一句，We wanted to know the truth, and spread that around instead。。不難發現這句話中的實義動詞有兩個，know和spread。值得注意的是這里的spread是傳播的意思。再來看看四個選項的動詞部分，A選項是attract，吸引;B選項是appeal to，在本句中的意思是呼吁;C選項是expose，揭露;D選項是動詞詞組，keep somebody informed，告知、通知某人。既然原文講到學生門成立網站的目的是要了解和傳播事實，那就是要讓大家都知道事實，或者說把事實情況告訴給周圍的人，顯而易見，D選項成為了不二的選擇。 綜上所述，逐詞對應法主要由兩個部分組成。首先是要提取核心詞匯主要是實義動詞理解它們在原文和選項中的正確含義;接下來只要找到包含與原文意義一致的選項即可。希望考生朋友們能夠仔細體會，幫助自己迅速提高解題正確率。
