四級(jí)閱讀理解如何不看文章答題

　　英語(yǔ)測(cè)試中閱讀理解部分是最讓考生緊張而又擔(dān)心的部分。它量大，難度較高。因此，閱讀理解題發(fā)揮如何決定著考生得分的高低。許多考生在做閱讀理解部分時(shí)，最大感受就是時(shí)間緊、答案選項(xiàng)迷惑性大，因而很難及時(shí)而又準(zhǔn)確地選出答案。如何在沒(méi)有足夠時(shí)間進(jìn)行深入閱讀或文章太難而看不懂的情況下進(jìn)行答題，我們?cè)诳偨Y(jié)、歸納歷年四級(jí)真題特點(diǎn)是基礎(chǔ)上，向考生介紹一些緊急情況下的應(yīng)試技巧。

　　閱讀理解題答案項(xiàng)特征

　　通過(guò)研究歷屆四級(jí)閱讀理解題，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，在所列出的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，也有一些普遍性規(guī)律可循。如果考生了解、熟悉并掌握了這些規(guī)律，他們就可以找到做題時(shí)的第六感覺(jué)，達(dá)到所謂超常發(fā)揮的水平。如果考生來(lái)不及看文章，萬(wàn)般無(wú)奈下憑這些規(guī)律可以選中不少正確選項(xiàng)。

　　答案項(xiàng)中有絕對(duì)語(yǔ)氣詞的一般不是正確答案項(xiàng)。這些語(yǔ)氣詞有： must, always, never, the most, all, only, have to, any, no, very,completely, none, hardly等。

　　例 One of the great changes brought about by the knowledge society is that _____ .

　　A. the difference between the employee and the employer has become insignificant.

　　B. peoples traditional concepts about work no longer hold true.

　　C. most people have to take part-time jobs.

　　D. people have to change their jobs from time to time.

　　例 The main idea of this passage is that _____ .

　　A.better use of green space facilities should be made so as to improve the quality of our life.

　　B. attention must be directed to the improvement of recreative possibilities.

　　C. the urban environment is providing more recreation activities than it did many years ago.

　　D. priority must be given to the development of obligatory activities.

　　選項(xiàng)中含有不十分肯定的語(yǔ)氣詞一般是正確答案項(xiàng)。這些語(yǔ)氣詞有： can, could, may, should, usually, might, most，more or less, relatively, be likely to, possible, whether or, not necessarily 等。

　　例 It can be inferred from the passage that the author believes .

　　A.Americans are more ambitious than people in other countries

　　B. in many countries success often depends on ones social status

　　C. American businesses are more democratic than those in other countries

　　D. businesses in other countries are not as competitive as those in America

　　例 According to the passage the problems of college education partly arise from the fact that .

　　A. society cant provide enough jobs for properly trained college graduates

　　B. high school graduates do not fit the pattern of college education

　　C. too many students have to earn their own living

　　D. college administrators encourage students to drop out

　　(分析：答案項(xiàng)C中有have to, 語(yǔ)氣太絕對(duì)化，故被排除。而A項(xiàng)中cant 的語(yǔ)氣則不十分絕對(duì)化，故為答案。)

　　選項(xiàng)中照抄原文的一般不是答案項(xiàng)，而同義替換的一般是選項(xiàng)。

　　例 According to Dr. David, Americans .

　　A.are ideally vigorous even under the pressure of life

　　B. often neglect the unsequences of sleep deficit

　　C. do not know how to relax themselves properly

　　D. can get by on 6.5 hours of sleep

　　例 According to the passage, which of the following statements is true

　　A.Future man will be made of silicon instead of flesh and blood

　　B. Some day it will be difficult to tell a computer from a man

　　C. The reasoning power of computers has already surpassed that of man

　　D. Future intelligent life may not necessarily be made of organic

　　matter. (分析：A項(xiàng)句子基本上是原文詞句，C項(xiàng)中有already一詞，語(yǔ)氣太絕對(duì)化，故A、C兩項(xiàng)被排除。剩下B、D兩項(xiàng)，而D項(xiàng)中有不十分肯定語(yǔ)氣詞may not,故選D。)

　　較全面、有針對(duì)性地表達(dá)文章中心思想的，選項(xiàng)一般是答案項(xiàng)。

　　例 which of the following best summarizes the main idea of the passage

　　A.Musical instruments developed through the years will sooner or later be replaced by computers.

　　B. Music cant be passed on to future generations unless its recorded.

　　C. Folk songs cant be spread for unless they are printed on music sheet.

　　D. the development of music culture is highly dependent on its material aspect.

　　例 The first paragraph is mainly about .

　　A.the teenagers criticism of their parents

　　B. misunderstandings between teenagers and their parents

　　C. the dominance of the parents over their children

　　D. the teenagers ability to deal with crisis

　　選項(xiàng)中表達(dá)意義較具體的、膚淺的(字面意思)一般不是答案項(xiàng)，而概括性的、抽象的、含義深刻的是答案項(xiàng)。

　　例 The population in the 21st century, according to the writer .

　　A. will be smaller than a few years ago

　　B. will not be as small as people expect

　　C. will prove to be a threat to the world

　　D. will not constitute as serious a problem as expected

　　例 From the passage it can be seen that employeeship helps one .

　　A.to be more successful in his career

　　B. to solve technical problems

　　C. to be more specialized in his field

　　D. to develop his professional skill

　　(分析：題意是從文中看出員工素質(zhì)有助于人們 ...。 B項(xiàng)題即解決技術(shù)問(wèn)題;C項(xiàng)意即深化專業(yè);D項(xiàng)發(fā)展職業(yè)技能。這三項(xiàng)表達(dá)的意思都比較具體，而A項(xiàng)則概括地有深度，包括了B、C、D三項(xiàng)內(nèi)容。)

　　選項(xiàng)中較符合常識(shí)的,易明白的一般不是選項(xiàng);而似乎不太合理，一時(shí)較難理解的往往是正確選項(xiàng)。

　　例 Advertising can persuade the consumer to buy worthless products by .

　　A. stressing their high quality

　　B. unlinking him of their low price

　　C. maintaining a balance between quality and price

　　D. appealing to his buying motives

　　例 Raising children, in the authors opinion, is .

　　A.a moral duty

　　B. a thankless job

　　C. a rewarding task

　　D. a source of inevitable pain

　　(分析：題目問(wèn)的是，依作者觀點(diǎn)，撫養(yǎng)孩子是 。 依據(jù)我們?nèi)粘Ｉ钏勊?jiàn)，撫養(yǎng)孩子就是A. 一種道德責(zé)任 B.不求回報(bào)的工作。我們都覺(jué)得撫養(yǎng)孩子是人生義務(wù)，是天經(jīng)地 義的。這兩項(xiàng)太熟悉了，因而一般不是答案。而C項(xiàng)求回報(bào)的事，似乎不太合人情味、合乎常識(shí)。但這樣的選項(xiàng)就是答案。D項(xiàng)有inevitable 一詞，語(yǔ)氣太絕對(duì)化，故排除掉。) 此外，在作者態(tài)度題中，象中立態(tài)度(neutral)一般不是選項(xiàng)，既有肯定、贊揚(yáng)性、褒義的(如positive等)，又有否定、批評(píng)、貶義的如(critical, neglect等)。一般否定性、貶義的是正確選項(xiàng)。如果沒(méi)有肯定性、贊揚(yáng)性選項(xiàng)，則批語(yǔ)性、否定性為正確選項(xiàng)，其它的為干擾項(xiàng)。在四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，忽然有一個(gè)選項(xiàng)特別長(zhǎng)或特別短，則此選項(xiàng)往往是正確選項(xiàng)。在兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，如果除個(gè)別字外，其他部分完全一樣，其中往往有一個(gè)是正確選項(xiàng)。None of the above往往是用作干擾項(xiàng)。而尤為請(qǐng)考生注意的是，資訊記者理解四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，正確答案項(xiàng)為D的頻繁比較高，其次為B項(xiàng) 。

　　英語(yǔ)測(cè)試中閱讀理解部分是最讓考生緊張而又擔(dān)心的部分。它量大，難度較高。因此，閱讀理解題發(fā)揮如何決定著考生得分的高低。許多考生在做閱讀理解部分時(shí)，最大感受就是時(shí)間緊、答案選項(xiàng)迷惑性大，因而很難及時(shí)而又準(zhǔn)確地選出答案。如何在沒(méi)有足夠時(shí)間進(jìn)行深入閱讀或文章太難而看不懂的情況下進(jìn)行答題，我們?cè)诳偨Y(jié)、歸納歷年四級(jí)真題特點(diǎn)是基礎(chǔ)上，向考生介紹一些緊急情況下的應(yīng)試技巧。

　　閱讀理解題答案項(xiàng)特征

　　通過(guò)研究歷屆四級(jí)閱讀理解題，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，在所列出的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，也有一些普遍性規(guī)律可循。如果考生了解、熟悉并掌握了這些規(guī)律，他們就可以找到做題時(shí)的第六感覺(jué)，達(dá)到所謂超常發(fā)揮的水平。如果考生來(lái)不及看文章，萬(wàn)般無(wú)奈下憑這些規(guī)律可以選中不少正確選項(xiàng)。

　　答案項(xiàng)中有絕對(duì)語(yǔ)氣詞的一般不是正確答案項(xiàng)。這些語(yǔ)氣詞有： must, always, never, the most, all, only, have to, any, no, very,completely, none, hardly等。

　　例 One of the great changes brought about by the knowledge society is that _____ .

　　A. the difference between the employee and the employer has become insignificant.

　　B. peoples traditional concepts about work no longer hold true.

　　C. most people have to take part-time jobs.

　　D. people have to change their jobs from time to time.

　　例 The main idea of this passage is that _____ .

　　A.better use of green space facilities should be made so as to improve the quality of our life.

　　B. attention must be directed to the improvement of recreative possibilities.

　　C. the urban environment is providing more recreation activities than it did many years ago.

　　D. priority must be given to the development of obligatory activities.

　　選項(xiàng)中含有不十分肯定的語(yǔ)氣詞一般是正確答案項(xiàng)。這些語(yǔ)氣詞有： can, could, may, should, usually, might, most，more or less, relatively, be likely to, possible, whether or, not necessarily 等。

　　例 It can be inferred from the passage that the author believes .

　　A.Americans are more ambitious than people in other countries

　　B. in many countries success often depends on ones social status

　　C. American businesses are more democratic than those in other countries

　　D. businesses in other countries are not as competitive as those in America

　　例 According to the passage the problems of college education partly arise from the fact that .

　　A. society cant provide enough jobs for properly trained college graduates

　　B. high school graduates do not fit the pattern of college education

　　C. too many students have to earn their own living

　　D. college administrators encourage students to drop out

　　(分析：答案項(xiàng)C中有have to, 語(yǔ)氣太絕對(duì)化，故被排除。而A項(xiàng)中cant 的語(yǔ)氣則不十分絕對(duì)化，故為答案。)

　　選項(xiàng)中照抄原文的一般不是答案項(xiàng)，而同義替換的一般是選項(xiàng)。

　　例 According to Dr. David, Americans .

　　A.are ideally vigorous even under the pressure of life

　　B. often neglect the unsequences of sleep deficit

　　C. do not know how to relax themselves properly

　　D. can get by on 6.5 hours of sleep

　　例 According to the passage, which of the following statements is true

　　A.Future man will be made of silicon instead of flesh and blood

　　B. Some day it will be difficult to tell a computer from a man

　　C. The reasoning power of computers has already surpassed that of man

　　D. Future intelligent life may not necessarily be made of organic

　　matter. (分析：A項(xiàng)句子基本上是原文詞句，C項(xiàng)中有already一詞，語(yǔ)氣太絕對(duì)化，故A、C兩項(xiàng)被排除。剩下B、D兩項(xiàng)，而D項(xiàng)中有不十分肯定語(yǔ)氣詞may not,故選D。)

　　較全面、有針對(duì)性地表達(dá)文章中心思想的，選項(xiàng)一般是答案項(xiàng)。

　　例 which of the following best summarizes the main idea of the passage

　　A.Musical instruments developed through the years will sooner or later be replaced by computers.

　　B. Music cant be passed on to future generations unless its recorded.

　　C. Folk songs cant be spread for unless they are printed on music sheet.

　　D. the development of music culture is highly dependent on its material aspect.

　　例 The first paragraph is mainly about .

　　A.the teenagers criticism of their parents

　　B. misunderstandings between teenagers and their parents

　　C. the dominance of the parents over their children

　　D. the teenagers ability to deal with crisis

　　選項(xiàng)中表達(dá)意義較具體的、膚淺的(字面意思)一般不是答案項(xiàng)，而概括性的、抽象的、含義深刻的是答案項(xiàng)。

　　例 The population in the 21st century, according to the writer .

　　A. will be smaller than a few years ago

　　B. will not be as small as people expect

　　C. will prove to be a threat to the world

　　D. will not constitute as serious a problem as expected

　　例 From the passage it can be seen that employeeship helps one .

　　A.to be more successful in his career

　　B. to solve technical problems

　　C. to be more specialized in his field

　　D. to develop his professional skill

　　(分析：題意是從文中看出員工素質(zhì)有助于人們 ...。 B項(xiàng)題即解決技術(shù)問(wèn)題;C項(xiàng)意即深化專業(yè);D項(xiàng)發(fā)展職業(yè)技能。這三項(xiàng)表達(dá)的意思都比較具體，而A項(xiàng)則概括地有深度，包括了B、C、D三項(xiàng)內(nèi)容。)

　　選項(xiàng)中較符合常識(shí)的,易明白的一般不是選項(xiàng);而似乎不太合理，一時(shí)較難理解的往往是正確選項(xiàng)。

　　例 Advertising can persuade the consumer to buy worthless products by .

　　A. stressing their high quality

　　B. unlinking him of their low price

　　C. maintaining a balance between quality and price

　　D. appealing to his buying motives

　　例 Raising children, in the authors opinion, is .

　　A.a moral duty

　　B. a thankless job

　　C. a rewarding task

　　D. a source of inevitable pain

　　(分析：題目問(wèn)的是，依作者觀點(diǎn)，撫養(yǎng)孩子是 。 依據(jù)我們?nèi)粘Ｉ钏勊?jiàn)，撫養(yǎng)孩子就是A. 一種道德責(zé)任 B.不求回報(bào)的工作。我們都覺(jué)得撫養(yǎng)孩子是人生義務(wù)，是天經(jīng)地 義的。這兩項(xiàng)太熟悉了，因而一般不是答案。而C項(xiàng)求回報(bào)的事，似乎不太合人情味、合乎常識(shí)。但這樣的選項(xiàng)就是答案。D項(xiàng)有inevitable 一詞，語(yǔ)氣太絕對(duì)化，故排除掉。) 此外，在作者態(tài)度題中，象中立態(tài)度(neutral)一般不是選項(xiàng)，既有肯定、贊揚(yáng)性、褒義的(如positive等)，又有否定、批評(píng)、貶義的如(critical, neglect等)。一般否定性、貶義的是正確選項(xiàng)。如果沒(méi)有肯定性、贊揚(yáng)性選項(xiàng)，則批語(yǔ)性、否定性為正確選項(xiàng)，其它的為干擾項(xiàng)。在四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，忽然有一個(gè)選項(xiàng)特別長(zhǎng)或特別短，則此選項(xiàng)往往是正確選項(xiàng)。在兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，如果除個(gè)別字外，其他部分完全一樣，其中往往有一個(gè)是正確選項(xiàng)。None of the above往往是用作干擾項(xiàng)。而尤為請(qǐng)考生注意的是，資訊記者理解四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，正確答案項(xiàng)為D的頻繁比較高，其次為B項(xiàng) 。