四級聽力簡短對話題型歸類及應試的策略
數字與計算題
數字與計算是早年大學英語四級統考中的聽力測試的最常考項目之一，
常見的計算題包括時間、價格、年齡、距離、速度等。出題形式可分為計
算型、辨認型和替換型。以加減計算題為主。
相關詞匯與表達：more， less ， late ， early， fast ， slow ， ahead
of schedule ， delay， postpone ， decrease ， bring forward， times，
twice ， double ， a quarter， a half ， the day before yesterday ， by
noon， half an hour
「例一」
A ) $1.40 B) $4.30 C) $6.40 D) $8.60
W ： Here is a ten-dollar bill. Give me two tickets for tonight
s show， please.
M ： Sure. Two tickets and here s a dollar forty cents change.
Q ： How much does one ticket cost?
「例二」
A ) 5：10. B ) 5：00. C ) 4：30. D ) 5：15.
M ： I wonder if Sue will be here by five o clock.
W ： Her husband said she left home at half past four. She should
be here at ten after five
and a quarter past five at the latest.
Q ： What time did Sue leave home ?
職業、身份和相互關系題
這種類型的題目相對比較簡單。首先，四個選擇往往是4 種不同職業或者是
表示兩個對話者之間關系的詞。如husband and wife， boss and secretary ，
librarian and student 或customer and repairman等。選擇項的特點決定了提
問的內容。了解這一點后，在聽音過程中，就可以把注意力集中到一些關鍵詞或
詞組上，以便作出準確判斷。其次，提問的方式比較單一固定。
1 、常見的提問方式是：
Whats the man/ woman?
What does the man/ woman do ?
Whats the man s /womans job/ profession/ occupation ?
Whats the probable relationship between the man and woman ?
Whats the probable relationship between the two speakers?
在聽音過程中，只需集中注意力聽清對話，根據對話提供的有效信息，便可
以比較快地作出正確選擇。
2 、相關詞匯和表達：
1 、營業員與顧客
What can I do for you ? / on sale/ Can I help you? / out of style/
ready-made/ receipt/ check-out stand/ size/ color/ fit/ look round
2 、飯店服務員與顧客
menu/ seasoning/ order/ treat/ go Dutch/ steak/ ham/ bill/ Dutch Treat/reserve/
make a reservation
3 、圖書管理員與學生
borrow/ renew/ library card/ library catalogue/ loan desk/ due/ overdue/
fine/ finish reading
4 、醫生與病人
Whats wrong ?/ What seems to be the symptom?/ Whats the matter?
/ indigestion/ stomache/ be operated on/ give an injection/ chest
pain/ feel worn out
5 、教師與學生
tuition/ registration/ required course/ compulsory course/ optional
course/ elective course/ drop out/ quit school/ credits/ attendance/pass
course
6 、空姐與乘客
take off/ board/ fasten seatbelt/ land/ depart/ departure time /extinguish
cigarettes
7 、老板與秘書
copy/ make arrangement/ break down/ inform
「例一」
A ) Husband and wife. B) Father and daughter
C ) Doctor and patient. D) Teacher and student.
W ： Have you found anything wrong with my stomach?
M ： Not yet. I m still examining. Ill let you know the result
next week.
Q ： What s the probable relationship between the man and the woman?
「例二」
A ) A railway porter. B) A taxi driver.
C ) A bus conductor. D ) A postal clerk.
W ： Excuse me， Sir， Im going to send this parcel to London. What
s the postage for it?
M ： Let me see. It s one pound and fifty.
Q ： Who is the woman most probably speaking to ?
「例三」
A ) Colleagues. C) Employer and employee.
B ) Husband and wife. D) Mother and son.
W ： John ， what are you doing on your computer? Dont you remember
your promise?
M ： This is not a game. It s only a cross word puzzle that helps
increase my vocabulary.
Q ： What is the probable relationship between the speakers ?
因果關系題
提高這類測試題的應試能力，考生必須學會分析選擇項。根據選擇項特征確
定測試的具體類型。即該題是就原因提問還是就結果進行提高;同時根據選擇項
中的主語、人稱代詞的性質明確聽音的重點，即是集中注意力聽男聲部分還是女
士的談話。就原因提問的測試題，其選擇項特點較為明顯，通常都由because 引
導。但也不不少含蓄型的題目。這類測試題的選擇項沒有because ，不過，只要
認真分析一下選擇項的謂語部分也能加以確定。
「例一」
A ) He must meet his teacher. B) He must attend a class.
C ) He must go out with his girlfriend. D) He must stay at school
to finish his homework.
W ： John ， do you want to go swimming with me today ?
M ： Sure ， but I cant leave now. I have an appointment with my
professor at three oclock.
Q ： Why cant John go swimming now?
「例二」
A ) He doesn t enjoy business trips as much as he used to.
B ) He doesn t think he is capable of doing the job.
C ) He thinks the pay is too low to support his family.
D ) He wants to spend more time with his family.
W ： If I were you， I would have accepted the job.
M ： I turned down the offer because it would mean frequent business
trips away from my
family.
Q ： why didn t the man accept the job?
地點與場所題
地點與場所類的題目主要要求考生判斷對話發生的地點，或判斷對話中某一
方要去的地方，以及判斷第三者所在的位置等。這類測試通常比較簡單，提問的
方式比較單一，選擇項特點明顯，一般四個選擇項都是表示地點狀語的介詞短語。
1 、常見的提問方式是：
Where does the conversation most probably take place?
Where are the two speakers now?
Where do you think this conversation most probably take place ?
Where is the man/ woman going ?
Where is Mary now ?
2 、相關詞匯和表達：
Hotel ： room service ， double room; reservation， front desk ，
bathroom reception， single room
Restaurant： menu ， steak， order， salad， soft drink ， dessert，
soup， go Dutch ， beef ， mutton ， reservation
Library ： borrow ， over-due ， lend ， fine ， renew， catalogue，
due ， shelf， volumn
Post office ： mail ， parcel ， airmail， registered letter， post
，postage
Store ： size ， fashion， color， cash ， department ， counter，
check out ， on sale， of the same price. bargain
Bank： open an account， draw on ones account ， cash a check ，
current account ， fixed deposit
Hospital： fever， pills， cough， tablet ， headache ， take medicine，
stomachache ， temperature， prescribe
School： Bachelor s degree， Master s degree， Doctor s degree，
dormitory ， semester ， required course， elective/ optional course，
credit， exam.
Plane ： flight ， seat belt， take off ， land ， extinguish cigarettes，
boarding.
「例一」
A ) At home. B ) At the riverside.
C ) At the health center. D) At his office.
M ： Hello， this is John Hopkins at the Riverside Health center.
I d like to speak to Mr. Jones.
W ： Im sorry ， Mr. Hopkins， my husband isn t at home. But I
can give you his office phone number. He wont be back until 6 o clock.
Q ： Where does Mrs. Jones think her husband is now ?
「例二」
A ) In a bank. B ) In a school.
C ) In a clothing store. D ) In a barbershop.
W ： You seem very confident about the job interview， dont you ?
M ： Yes， I feel ready for it. I bought a good suit in the clothing
store. I had my hair cut. I have studied almost everything about finance
and economics.
Q ： Where is the man probably going to work?
「例三」
A ) At a booking office. B ) In a Hong Kong hotel.
C ) On a busy street. D) At an airport.
W ： Can I help you ， Sir?
M ： Yes. Can you show me the way to gate 9 for flight 901 to Hong
Kong? Im quite confused here.
Q ： Where does the conversation most probably take place ?
態度與反應題
涉及的主要是對話中男女雙方對某人某事的看法。主要測試考生分析判斷能力。四個選擇項都有比較明顯的特點，即選擇項中往往出現表示人的情感或態度的動詞或形容詞等。如：be afraid ， think， believe， feel ， like 等。
另外，在選擇項中常會出現表明人的喜、怒、哀、樂等情感的形容詞，如：
excited ，bored 等。有時也會出現描述事物性質的詞，如： big， small， cheap，等。
常見的提問方式有：
What does the man/ woman think of ?
Whats their opinion of?
How did the man /woman feel about ?
How did the man / woman feel?
值得提醒的是，聽力測試中還有一種特殊現象。對話中的另一方并不直接說出自己的看法，而是用also， too， neither， either ，
so， the same 來表明自己的態度。在這種情況下，就必須聽清第一個人的講話
并準確理解其態度，只有這樣才能作出正確選擇。
「例一」
A ) On the whole ， she liked the film.
B ) She didn t see the film.
C ) The film was very exciting.
D ) The film wasnt as good as shed expected.
M ： Did you like the film?
W ： Not particularly. I was rather disappointed. I d expected it to be much more exciting
Q ： What can we learn from this conversation ?
「例二」
A ) He wishes to have more courses like it.
B ) He finds it hard to follow the teacher.
C ) He wishes the teacher would talk more.
D ) He doesn t like the teachers accent.
W ： You took an optional course this semester， didn t you ? How
is it going ?
M ： Terrible ! It seems like the more the professor talks ， the
less I understand.
Q ： How did the man feel about the course?
「例三」
A ) The man went to the concert，but the woman didnt .
B ) The woman went to the concert，but the man didnt .
C ) The speakers did not go to the concert.
D ) Both speakers went to the concert.
M ： You didn t go to the concert last night either ， did you?
W ： No ， I had a slight headache.
Q ： What can we learn from this conversation ?
肯定與否定題
聽力測試題有很多對話常通過某種否定形式來表示肯定含義，或是利用肯定
形式表示否定意義。其目的是考查學生的快速反應能力和基礎知識掌握的程度。
1 、常見的以否定形式表示肯定意義的結構有：
cannot wait+不定式或can hardly wait+不定式;
cannot與much
連用;cannot help doing ;cannot
but do;cannot help but do;have no choice/
alternative but to do ;nothing but
;另外，還可以通過各種比較結構來表示肯定含義，最常用的有：nothing
less than ;more A than B ;less A than B
;not so much A as B;A not soas B，
表達的正好是原結構中形容詞或副詞的反義。
2 、常見的以肯定表示否定的意義的有：
anything but;used to ;too toprefertowould ratherthan
「例一」
A ) She is going to give up biology.
B ) She spends half of her time on biology.
C ) To her ， biology is difficult ， but math is not.
D ) To her ， math is even more difficult than biology.
M ： What do you think of biology ?
W ： It s given me a hard time， though it is not as difficult as
math.
Q ： What can we learn about the woman?
「例二」
A ) She is eager to know what the present is.
B ) She is not anxious to know what it is.
C ) She doesnt now what she is asked to wait for.
D ) She really doesn t care about the present.
M ： What did your parents buy you for your birthday?
W ： I dont know. But I can hardly wait to see it.
Q ： What does the woman mean ?
計劃與行動題
