初中英語常見錯誤之L系列

　　large ?

　　[誤] He found a large number of mistake in his homework.?

　　[正] He found a large number of mistakes in his homework.?

　　[析] a large number of + 復數名詞，意為大量的。?

　　last ?

　　[誤] This is the newest news.?

　　[正] This is the latest news.?

　　[析] 最新消息應為latest news，因為最晚到的資訊才是最新消息，請注意英語與漢語的區別。?

　　last the last ?

　　[誤] I saw my brother the last week.?

　　[正] I saw my brother last week.?

　　[析] 當談到與目前有關的上月、上星期等概念時只能用last month, last week, 而不能加定冠詞，the last 可用于表示一系列詞的最后一個，如： That was the last Christmas I spent at home. 但the last可以用來表示持續到現在的一個長時期，如： I am busy for the last week.?

　　late ?

　　[誤] Yesterday I went home lately.?

　　[正] Yesterday I went home late.?

　　[析] late即可做形容詞又可作副詞;而lately則意為最近的，如： I havent seen her lately.?

　　late latter later lately ?

　　late有兩個比較級，指時間較晚應用later，如口語中常講： See you later. (一會見。)而latter則指按順序講的后者，或靠后的，其反意詞為former，如： the former president(前總統)。又如： I can understand the latter part of the story. 而lately則意為近來、不久前。?laughed at by his classmates. 中的at是不可省掉的。?laugh over 則指笑著談論某事，如 We laugh over the film. (我們笑著談論那個電影。)?

　　lay ?

　　[誤] We lied on the beach.?

　　[正] We lay on the beach.?

　　[析] 英文中有三個動詞易混，在考試中也頻頻出現，它們的現在式，過去式，過去分詞以及現在分詞是： ?

　　lay (?vt?. 放) laid laid laying?

　　lie(?vi?. 躺) lay lain cying?

　　lie(?vi?. 說謊) lied lied lying?

　　learn ?

　　[誤] The teacher said：You must study this poem by heart.?

　　[正] The teacher said：You must learn this poem by heart.?

　　[析] study與learn在作學習講時，常常可以互換，但learn側重于學習成果或初級階段的模仿性學習，如：The little baby is learning to walk. 而study則多側重于學習的過程，如： Im studying at this college. 而learnby heart則是記住、背誦之意。?

　　leave ?

　　[誤] Ill leave Beijing to Shanghai.?

　　[正] Ill leave Beijing for Shanghai.?

　　[析] leave for一詞組為去某地，如對話中常講Ill leave for Shanghai. 因所離開的地點是雙方都知道的則可以省略。?

　　leave forget ?

　　[誤] Ive forgotten my homework at home.?

　　[正] Ive forgotten my homework.?

　　[正] Ive left my homework at home.?

　　[析] 如果句中有地點狀語則不要用forget, 而要用leave.?

　　lesson ?

　　[誤] I have two lessons of English.?

　　[正] I have two English lessons.?

　　[正] I have two lessons in English.?

　　[析] 我有兩節英語課。這一表達法如上，但美國老師講他有兩節課時則多用I have two classes.?teach somebody a lesson 為教訓某人，或要吸取教訓，如： Let this thing teaches you a lesson.?

　　lend ?

　　[誤] Please borrow me your bike.?

　　[正] Please lend me your bike.?

　　[析] borrow是指借入，如： I want to borrow some books from the library. lend 是借出，如： I can lend you my bike. 而keep為借多久： 如 How long can I keep it??

　　less ?

　　[誤] He has fewer money than she has.?

　　[正] He has less money than she has.?

　　[析] less是little的比較級，而fewer是few的比較級。要注意前者修飾不可數名詞，而后者修飾可數名詞。?

　　let ?

　　[誤] The teacher lets the students clean the classroom as a punishment.?

　　[正] The teacher makes the students clean the classroom as a punishment.?

　　[析] 雖然let, have, make有相同的用法，但make和have含有迫使某人做某事的意思。

　　[誤] Lets go to the park, will you??

　　[正] Lets go to the park, shall we??

　　[誤] Let us go to the park, shall we??

　　[正] Let us go to the park, will you??

　　[析] Lets go的反意疑問句是shall we?而Let us go的反意疑問句則是will you??

　　life ?

　　[誤] Many people lost their life in the Second World War.?

　　[正] Many People lost their lives in the Second World War.?

　　[析] life作為生命、性命時應為可數名詞;當泛指一般生活講時則為不可數名詞，如： Which do you prefer, town life or country life? 又如： Life is not all fun.?

　　light ?

　　[誤] There is a desk with a lit lamp on it.?

　　[正] There is a desk with a lighted lamp on it.?

　　[析] light有兩個過去分詞： lighted和lit，當用過去分詞作形容詞當定語時只能用lighted.?light可以用作名詞，如： The moon gets its light from the sun. 也可以作形容詞，如： The classroom is very light. 還可以作動詞，如： The little girl lit a match. 作形容詞時還有輕、淺等意，如： This box is light. I like light blue.?

　　like ?

　　[誤] My sister is very as me.?

　　[正] My sister is very like me.?

　　[析] as 作為連詞其后要接從句，如： She is a good student as his brother used to be. 而like是介詞，其后接賓語。?

　　[誤] Do you like swimming with me tonight.?

　　[正] Would you like to swim with me tonight.?

　　[析] like作為動詞當喜歡講時，其后面可接不定式也可接動名詞，用不定式多表達一個一次性的動作，如： Im sorry I dont like to go swimming tonight. 用動名詞則表示一個習慣性的動作，如： I like swimming very much.?

　　like alike ?

　　作為形容詞，alike 一般不作定語，而只作表語，如; The twins are very alike.?

　　[誤] Would you like swimming with us??

　　[正] Would you like to swim with us??

　　[析] 在would you like這一句型中，其后面只能接不定式，而不能接動名詞。?like的用法還要注意以下兩點： ① He likes Tom. 為他喜歡湯姆。② He is like Tom. 為他像湯姆。第二句話的like為介詞，而第一句話的like為動詞。?

　　listen ?

　　[誤] You should hear the teahcers advice.?

　　[正] You should listen to the teachers advice.?

　　[析] hear多側重于聽到某事或某種聲音，而listen to則側重于聽的傾向性。如： We listen but hear nothing. 例句為聽取某人意見，所以只能用listen to someones advice.?

　　little ?

　　[誤] Dont worry, there is little time.?

　　[正] Dont worry, there is a little time.?

　　[誤] There is a little water. Shall I get some??

　　[正] There is little water. Shall I get some??

　　[析] 要注意中英文在同一問題上的表達法是不同的。如中文水不多了，我去取點吧。英文要講沒水了，我去取點吧。?

　　little small ?

　　little與small是近義詞，在作定語時常常可以互換，如： a little girl或a small girl,但little一般不作表語，如： The car over there is small. 一句中不要用little. 作定語時little常常帶有感情色彩，而small則帶有對比的含義。?

　　live ?

　　[誤] Tom lives with his parents money.?

　　[正] Tom lives on his parents money.?

　　[誤] He lives on teaching.?

　　[正] He lives by teaching.?

　　[析] 靠吃某物為生應用live on something, 而live by是靠某種生活手段為生。?

　　living alive ?

　　living側重于生活得很好，身體不錯，如： My grandfather is still living in his eighties. 而alive則強調沒有死而是活著的，如： Is that cat alive or dead??

　　lonely ?

　　[誤] She wanted to do her homework lonely.?

　　[正] She wanted to do her homework alone.?

　　[析] lonely意為寂寞的、孤單的，如： The old man felt lonely. alone則意為獨自的、單獨的，如： He lives alone but he doesnt feel lonely.

　　?

　　long ?

　　[誤] I have been studying long for the exam.?

　　[正] I have been studying for a long time for the exam.?

　　[析] long用作表達時間的副詞時，在否定句及疑問句中最常用，但在肯定句中除與so, too, asas連用外，一般要用for a long time.?

　　[誤] Ill call you as long as the book will be returned.?

　　[正] Ill call you as long as the book is returned.?

　　[析] asas引導的狀語從句中可以用一般現在時表示將來。?

　　[誤] How long do you go to see your parents? Once a week.?

　　[正] How often do you go to see your parents? Once a week.?

　　[析] 因為答語為每周一次所以問的是頻率，要用how often.

　　?

　　look ?

　　look for find ?

　　look for 側重于 尋找這個動作，如： What are you looking for? 而find則側重于結果，如： It is very difficult to find a job. 這里不能用look for，因為真正困難的是找到工作。?

　　其他用法還有：?

　　[例] He often looks back on his high?school days.?

　　[析] look back on something 為回顧、回想。?

　　[例] I wish you wouldnt look down on (upon) the childrens work.?

　　[析] look down on (upon) 為看不起某人或某事。?

　　[誤] Im looking forward to see you.?

　　[正] Im looking forward to seeing you.?

　　[析] look forward to詞組中的to是介詞，所以其后要加名詞或動名詞，不能接不定式。

?

　　lot ?

　　[誤] I can buy this dictionary now, because I have got much money.?

　　[正] I can buy this dictionary now because I have got a lot of money.?

　　[析] much money多用于疑問句與否定句中，而在肯定句中要用a lot of.?lots of與a lot of之間無多大區別，兩者都可以修飾可數與不可數名詞，所以常?？梢曰Q。?

　　[誤] He is more happier now.?

　　[正] He is a lot happier now.?

　　[析] 不可用more來修飾比較級，能修飾比較級的詞有very much, a lot, lots, any, no, rather, a little, a bit等。?

　　loud loudly ?

　　這兩個詞含意相同，在日常用語中loud多與talk，speak, shout, laugh等動詞連用，如：Dont speak so loud， youll wake the baby. 而在比較正式的場合才用loudly.?

　　loud aloud ?

　　loud多指把聲音放大，而aloud則指要出聲不要默讀。如：?-What did you say??-Oh, nothing, I was just think aloud. (我只不過自言自語。)?

　　large ?

　　[誤] He found a large number of mistake in his homework.?

　　[正] He found a large number of mistakes in his homework.?

　　[析] a large number of + 復數名詞，意為大量的。?

　　last ?

　　[誤] This is the newest news.?

　　[正] This is the latest news.?

　　[析] 最新消息應為latest news，因為最晚到的資訊才是最新消息，請注意英語與漢語的區別。?

　　last the last ?

　　[誤] I saw my brother the last week.?

　　[正] I saw my brother last week.?

　　[析] 當談到與目前有關的上月、上星期等概念時只能用last month, last week, 而不能加定冠詞，the last 可用于表示一系列詞的最后一個，如： That was the last Christmas I spent at home. 但the last可以用來表示持續到現在的一個長時期，如： I am busy for the last week.?

　　late ?

　　[誤] Yesterday I went home lately.?

　　[正] Yesterday I went home late.?

　　[析] late即可做形容詞又可作副詞;而lately則意為最近的，如： I havent seen her lately.?

　　late latter later lately ?

　　late有兩個比較級，指時間較晚應用later，如口語中常講： See you later. (一會見。)而latter則指按順序講的后者，或靠后的，其反意詞為former，如： the former president(前總統)。又如： I can understand the latter part of the story. 而lately則意為近來、不久前。?laughed at by his classmates. 中的at是不可省掉的。?laugh over 則指笑著談論某事，如 We laugh over the film. (我們笑著談論那個電影。)?

　　lay ?

　　[誤] We lied on the beach.?

　　[正] We lay on the beach.?

　　[析] 英文中有三個動詞易混，在考試中也頻頻出現，它們的現在式，過去式，過去分詞以及現在分詞是： ?

　　lay (?vt?. 放) laid laid laying?

　　lie(?vi?. 躺) lay lain cying?

　　lie(?vi?. 說謊) lied lied lying?

　　learn ?

　　[誤] The teacher said：You must study this poem by heart.?

　　[正] The teacher said：You must learn this poem by heart.?

　　[析] study與learn在作學習講時，常?？梢曰Q，但learn側重于學習成果或初級階段的模仿性學習，如：The little baby is learning to walk. 而study則多側重于學習的過程，如： Im studying at this college. 而learnby heart則是記住、背誦之意。?

　　leave ?

　　[誤] Ill leave Beijing to Shanghai.?

　　[正] Ill leave Beijing for Shanghai.?

　　[析] leave for一詞組為去某地，如對話中常講Ill leave for Shanghai. 因所離開的地點是雙方都知道的則可以省略。?

　　leave forget ?

　　[誤] Ive forgotten my homework at home.?

　　[正] Ive forgotten my homework.?

　　[正] Ive left my homework at home.?

　　[析] 如果句中有地點狀語則不要用forget, 而要用leave.?

　　lesson ?

　　[誤] I have two lessons of English.?

　　[正] I have two English lessons.?

　　[正] I have two lessons in English.?

　　[析] 我有兩節英語課。這一表達法如上，但美國老師講他有兩節課時則多用I have two classes.?teach somebody a lesson 為教訓某人，或要吸取教訓，如： Let this thing teaches you a lesson.?

　　lend ?

　　[誤] Please borrow me your bike.?

　　[正] Please lend me your bike.?

　　[析] borrow是指借入，如： I want to borrow some books from the library. lend 是借出，如： I can lend you my bike. 而keep為借多久： 如 How long can I keep it??

　　less ?

　　[誤] He has fewer money than she has.?

　　[正] He has less money than she has.?

　　[析] less是little的比較級，而fewer是few的比較級。要注意前者修飾不可數名詞，而后者修飾可數名詞。?

　　let ?

　　[誤] The teacher lets the students clean the classroom as a punishment.?

　　[正] The teacher makes the students clean the classroom as a punishment.?

　　[析] 雖然let, have, make有相同的用法，但make和have含有迫使某人做某事的意思。

　　[誤] Lets go to the park, will you??

　　[正] Lets go to the park, shall we??

　　[誤] Let us go to the park, shall we??

　　[正] Let us go to the park, will you??

　　[析] Lets go的反意疑問句是shall we?而Let us go的反意疑問句則是will you??

　　life ?

　　[誤] Many people lost their life in the Second World War.?

　　[正] Many People lost their lives in the Second World War.?

　　[析] life作為生命、性命時應為可數名詞;當泛指一般生活講時則為不可數名詞，如： Which do you prefer, town life or country life? 又如： Life is not all fun.?

　　light ?

　　[誤] There is a desk with a lit lamp on it.?

　　[正] There is a desk with a lighted lamp on it.?

　　[析] light有兩個過去分詞： lighted和lit，當用過去分詞作形容詞當定語時只能用lighted.?light可以用作名詞，如： The moon gets its light from the sun. 也可以作形容詞，如： The classroom is very light. 還可以作動詞，如： The little girl lit a match. 作形容詞時還有輕、淺等意，如： This box is light. I like light blue.?

　　like ?

　　[誤] My sister is very as me.?

　　[正] My sister is very like me.?

　　[析] as 作為連詞其后要接從句，如： She is a good student as his brother used to be. 而like是介詞，其后接賓語。?

　　[誤] Do you like swimming with me tonight.?

　　[正] Would you like to swim with me tonight.?

　　[析] like作為動詞當喜歡講時，其后面可接不定式也可接動名詞，用不定式多表達一個一次性的動作，如： Im sorry I dont like to go swimming tonight. 用動名詞則表示一個習慣性的動作，如： I like swimming very much.?

　　like alike ?

　　作為形容詞，alike 一般不作定語，而只作表語，如; The twins are very alike.?

　　[誤] Would you like swimming with us??

　　[正] Would you like to swim with us??

　　[析] 在would you like這一句型中，其后面只能接不定式，而不能接動名詞。?like的用法還要注意以下兩點： ① He likes Tom. 為他喜歡湯姆。② He is like Tom. 為他像湯姆。第二句話的like為介詞，而第一句話的like為動詞。?

　　listen ?

　　[誤] You should hear the teahcers advice.?

　　[正] You should listen to the teachers advice.?

　　[析] hear多側重于聽到某事或某種聲音，而listen to則側重于聽的傾向性。如： We listen but hear nothing. 例句為聽取某人意見，所以只能用listen to someones advice.?

　　little ?

　　[誤] Dont worry, there is little time.?

　　[正] Dont worry, there is a little time.?

　　[誤] There is a little water. Shall I get some??

　　[正] There is little water. Shall I get some??

　　[析] 要注意中英文在同一問題上的表達法是不同的。如中文水不多了，我去取點吧。英文要講沒水了，我去取點吧。?

　　little small ?

　　little與small是近義詞，在作定語時常常可以互換，如： a little girl或a small girl,但little一般不作表語，如： The car over there is small. 一句中不要用little. 作定語時little常常帶有感情色彩，而small則帶有對比的含義。?

　　live ?

　　[誤] Tom lives with his parents money.?

　　[正] Tom lives on his parents money.?

　　[誤] He lives on teaching.?

　　[正] He lives by teaching.?

　　[析] 靠吃某物為生應用live on something, 而live by是靠某種生活手段為生。?

　　living alive ?

　　living側重于生活得很好，身體不錯，如： My grandfather is still living in his eighties. 而alive則強調沒有死而是活著的，如： Is that cat alive or dead??

　　lonely ?

　　[誤] She wanted to do her homework lonely.?

　　[正] She wanted to do her homework alone.?

　　[析] lonely意為寂寞的、孤單的，如： The old man felt lonely. alone則意為獨自的、單獨的，如： He lives alone but he doesnt feel lonely.

　　?

　　long ?

　　[誤] I have been studying long for the exam.?

　　[正] I have been studying for a long time for the exam.?

　　[析] long用作表達時間的副詞時，在否定句及疑問句中最常用，但在肯定句中除與so, too, asas連用外，一般要用for a long time.?

　　[誤] Ill call you as long as the book will be returned.?

　　[正] Ill call you as long as the book is returned.?

　　[析] asas引導的狀語從句中可以用一般現在時表示將來。?

　　[誤] How long do you go to see your parents? Once a week.?

　　[正] How often do you go to see your parents? Once a week.?

　　[析] 因為答語為每周一次所以問的是頻率，要用how often.

　　?

　　look ?

　　look for find ?

　　look for 側重于 尋找這個動作，如： What are you looking for? 而find則側重于結果，如： It is very difficult to find a job. 這里不能用look for，因為真正困難的是找到工作。?

　　其他用法還有：?

　　[例] He often looks back on his high?school days.?

　　[析] look back on something 為回顧、回想。?

　　[例] I wish you wouldnt look down on (upon) the childrens work.?

　　[析] look down on (upon) 為看不起某人或某事。?

　　[誤] Im looking forward to see you.?

　　[正] Im looking forward to seeing you.?

　　[析] look forward to詞組中的to是介詞，所以其后要加名詞或動名詞，不能接不定式。

?

　　lot ?

　　[誤] I can buy this dictionary now, because I have got much money.?

　　[正] I can buy this dictionary now because I have got a lot of money.?

　　[析] much money多用于疑問句與否定句中，而在肯定句中要用a lot of.?lots of與a lot of之間無多大區別，兩者都可以修飾可數與不可數名詞，所以常?？梢曰Q。?

　　[誤] He is more happier now.?

　　[正] He is a lot happier now.?

　　[析] 不可用more來修飾比較級，能修飾比較級的詞有very much, a lot, lots, any, no, rather, a little, a bit等。?

　　loud loudly ?

　　這兩個詞含意相同，在日常用語中loud多與talk，speak, shout, laugh等動詞連用，如：Dont speak so loud， youll wake the baby. 而在比較正式的場合才用loudly.?

　　loud aloud ?

　　loud多指把聲音放大，而aloud則指要出聲不要默讀。如：?-What did you say??-Oh, nothing, I was just think aloud. (我只不過自言自語。)?