如何領會職稱英語閱讀中作者的觀點、意圖和態度
與掌握所讀材料的主旨和大意類似，領會作者的觀點、意圖和態度也是閱讀理解題中較難解答的問題。回答這類題首先要在閱讀過程中注意體會和覺察作者的觀點、意圖和態度。這種信息有時是直接表達的，但更多的是間接、含蓄的流露。不過，作者的這種主觀情感和態度往往和全文的主題和要點相關聯。所以，在根據主題和主旨的同時，應注意揣測作者的觀點、意圖和態度。
下面是這類題的一些常用的提問方式：
1. The authors main purpose in this passage is
2. The authors purpose of writing this passage is __
3. In this passage the authors attitude toward ...could best be described as
4. What is the authors attitude toward
5. The authors main thought is that __
6. The author probably feels that
7. The author appears to feel that
8. Which of the following does the author want to illustrate in discussing ...?
9. In this passage the author looks on ... with an attitude of
10. What is the tone of the passage?
11. What is the authors opinion about ...?
12. The author uses the example of... to show that ________
例1
I entered the hotel managers office and sat down. I had just lost ￡50 and I felt very upset. I left the money in my room, I said, and its not there now. The manager was sympathetic, but he could do nothing. Everyones losing money these days. he said. He started to complain about this wicked world but was interrupted by a knock at the door. A girl came in and put an envelope on his desk. It contained ￡50. I found this outside this gentlemans room. she said. Well, I said to the manager, there is still some honesty in this world!
1. What did the writer believe had happened to his money?
A. He had left his money in the managers office.
B. Someone had stolen his money.
C. The manager had the money.
D. The girl had stolen the money.
作者說：I left the money in my room，and its not there now，這句話的含義就是 He believed that someone had stolen his money。因此，選項B是正確答案。
例2
We find that bright children are rarely held back by mixed-ability teaching. On the contrary, both their knowledge and experience are enriched. We feel that there are many disadvantages in streaming pupils. It does not take into account the fact that children develop at different rates. It can have a bad effect on both the bright and the not-so-bright child. After all, it can be quite discouraging to be at the bottom of the top grade!
Besides, it is rather unreal to grade people just according to their intellectual ability. This is only one aspect of their total personality. We are concerned to develop the abilities of all our pupils to the full, not just their academic ability. We also value personal qualities and social skills, and we find that mixed-ability teaching contributes to all these aspects of learning.
In our classrooms, we work in various ways. The pupils often work in groups: this gives them the opportunity to learn to co-operate, to share, and to develop leadership skills. They also learn how to cope with personal problems as well as learning how to think, to make decisions, to analyze and evaluate, and to communicate effectively. The pupils learn from each other as well as from the teacher.
Sometimes the pupils work in pairs; sometimes they work on individual tasks and assignments, and they can do this at their own speed. They also have some formal class teaching when this is appropriate. We encour~/ge our pupils to use the library, and we teach them the skills they need in order to do this efficiently. An advanced pupil can do advanced work: it does not matter what age the child is. We expect our pupils to do their best, not their least, and we give them every encouragement to attain this goal.
1. In the passage the authors attitude towards mixed-ability teaching is ________
A. critical B. questioning
C. approving D. objective
本題考核學生是否讀懂作者對混合編班的態度。要回答該問題，首先要清楚四個選項的不同含義。選項A表示作者持批評的態度，選項B表示作者持懷疑的態度，選項C表示作者持贊同的態度，選項D表示作者持客觀的態度。根據文章的第一段內容，可以看出作者是持贊同的態度，所用的人稱代詞也是we，因此答案是選項C。如果是持客觀的態度的話，則人稱代詞不會用we。
2. The author argues that a teachers chief concern should be the development of the students _______.
A. personal qualities and social skills
B. total personality
C. learning ability and communicative skills
D. intellectual ability
本題要求根據文章的意思推測作者的觀點。根據第二段的內容，可以看出學生的total personality包括了academic ability or intellectual ability, personal qualities和 social skills。也就是說這些能力都是total personality的方方面面。再看一下這一段的第二;三兩句，可以得出正確的答案應該是選項8。其他幾個選項的意思都不全面，都不能反映作者的充分開發學生的全面能力的主張。
3. The authors purpose of writing this passage is to______.
A. argue for teaching bright and notSO-bright pupils in the same class
B. recommend pair work and group work for classroom activities
C. offer advice on the proper use of the library
D. emphasize the importance of appropriate formal classroom teaching
本題要求讀者了解作者寫這篇文章的意圖是什么。文章討論了兩種上課的方式： streaming pupils把學生按能力分班進行教學，和mixedability teaching把程度不齊的學生混班上課。并對比列舉了前者的弊端和后者的種種優點。因此A項是正確的答案。而選項B、c、D中提到的幾種做法均為mixed.ability teachin9的具體做法，都不能看做是作者寫這篇文章的目的。這個題目要看懂全文才能夠答對。
與掌握所讀材料的主旨和大意類似，領會作者的觀點、意圖和態度也是閱讀理解題中較難解答的問題。回答這類題首先要在閱讀過程中注意體會和覺察作者的觀點、意圖和態度。這種信息有時是直接表達的，但更多的是間接、含蓄的流露。不過，作者的這種主觀情感和態度往往和全文的主題和要點相關聯。所以，在根據主題和主旨的同時，應注意揣測作者的觀點、意圖和態度。
下面是這類題的一些常用的提問方式：
1. The authors main purpose in this passage is
2. The authors purpose of writing this passage is __
3. In this passage the authors attitude toward ...could best be described as
4. What is the authors attitude toward
5. The authors main thought is that __
6. The author probably feels that
7. The author appears to feel that
8. Which of the following does the author want to illustrate in discussing ...?
9. In this passage the author looks on ... with an attitude of
10. What is the tone of the passage?
11. What is the authors opinion about ...?
12. The author uses the example of... to show that ________
例1
I entered the hotel managers office and sat down. I had just lost ￡50 and I felt very upset. I left the money in my room, I said, and its not there now. The manager was sympathetic, but he could do nothing. Everyones losing money these days. he said. He started to complain about this wicked world but was interrupted by a knock at the door. A girl came in and put an envelope on his desk. It contained ￡50. I found this outside this gentlemans room. she said. Well, I said to the manager, there is still some honesty in this world!
1. What did the writer believe had happened to his money?
A. He had left his money in the managers office.
B. Someone had stolen his money.
C. The manager had the money.
D. The girl had stolen the money.
作者說：I left the money in my room，and its not there now，這句話的含義就是 He believed that someone had stolen his money。因此，選項B是正確答案。
例2
We find that bright children are rarely held back by mixed-ability teaching. On the contrary, both their knowledge and experience are enriched. We feel that there are many disadvantages in streaming pupils. It does not take into account the fact that children develop at different rates. It can have a bad effect on both the bright and the not-so-bright child. After all, it can be quite discouraging to be at the bottom of the top grade!
Besides, it is rather unreal to grade people just according to their intellectual ability. This is only one aspect of their total personality. We are concerned to develop the abilities of all our pupils to the full, not just their academic ability. We also value personal qualities and social skills, and we find that mixed-ability teaching contributes to all these aspects of learning.
In our classrooms, we work in various ways. The pupils often work in groups: this gives them the opportunity to learn to co-operate, to share, and to develop leadership skills. They also learn how to cope with personal problems as well as learning how to think, to make decisions, to analyze and evaluate, and to communicate effectively. The pupils learn from each other as well as from the teacher.
Sometimes the pupils work in pairs; sometimes they work on individual tasks and assignments, and they can do this at their own speed. They also have some formal class teaching when this is appropriate. We encour~/ge our pupils to use the library, and we teach them the skills they need in order to do this efficiently. An advanced pupil can do advanced work: it does not matter what age the child is. We expect our pupils to do their best, not their least, and we give them every encouragement to attain this goal.
1. In the passage the authors attitude towards mixed-ability teaching is ________
A. critical B. questioning
C. approving D. objective
本題考核學生是否讀懂作者對混合編班的態度。要回答該問題，首先要清楚四個選項的不同含義。選項A表示作者持批評的態度，選項B表示作者持懷疑的態度，選項C表示作者持贊同的態度，選項D表示作者持客觀的態度。根據文章的第一段內容，可以看出作者是持贊同的態度，所用的人稱代詞也是we，因此答案是選項C。如果是持客觀的態度的話，則人稱代詞不會用we。
2. The author argues that a teachers chief concern should be the development of the students _______.
A. personal qualities and social skills
B. total personality
C. learning ability and communicative skills
D. intellectual ability
本題要求根據文章的意思推測作者的觀點。根據第二段的內容，可以看出學生的total personality包括了academic ability or intellectual ability, personal qualities和 social skills。也就是說這些能力都是total personality的方方面面。再看一下這一段的第二;三兩句，可以得出正確的答案應該是選項8。其他幾個選項的意思都不全面，都不能反映作者的充分開發學生的全面能力的主張。
3. The authors purpose of writing this passage is to______.
A. argue for teaching bright and notSO-bright pupils in the same class
B. recommend pair work and group work for classroom activities
C. offer advice on the proper use of the library
D. emphasize the importance of appropriate formal classroom teaching
本題要求讀者了解作者寫這篇文章的意圖是什么。文章討論了兩種上課的方式： streaming pupils把學生按能力分班進行教學，和mixedability teaching把程度不齊的學生混班上課。并對比列舉了前者的弊端和后者的種種優點。因此A項是正確的答案。而選項B、c、D中提到的幾種做法均為mixed.ability teachin9的具體做法，都不能看做是作者寫這篇文章的目的。這個題目要看懂全文才能夠答對。
