英語修辭方法匯總：明喻（Simile）

　　【導語】英語語法讓很多學生都頭疼，因為復雜難懂的句式和詞組有時難以記憶。英語網為大家整理了英語語法大全，希望對同學們的英語語法學習有所幫助。更多內容盡在英語網。

　　一、基本概念

　　Simile(明喻)是一種最簡單、最常見的修辭方法，與漢語的明喻相似，它指的是將具有共性的不同事物或現象作對比，表明本體和喻體的關系。在明喻中，本體和喻體均同時出現在句中，在形式上是相對應的。注意，用于對比的事物或現象之間的共性存在于人們的心里，而不是事物的自然屬性。

　　二、基本格式

　　基本格式：本體 + 顯著比喻詞 + 喻體

　　三、常見標志詞

　　Simile的常用標志詞有 like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as等。

　　1. 介詞：like 等;

　　2. 連詞：as, as if, as though, as...so, what等;

　　3. 動詞：seem, compare...to, liken...to, bear a resemblance to 等;

　　4. 名詞：comparison, resemblance 等;

　　5. 形容詞：akin to, similar to, be analogous to 等;

　　6. 短語： as it were, no more...than, be something of, be something like等;

　　7. 句式：As, so As A is to B, so C is to D; A is to B as [what] C is to D等。

　　四、典型實例

　　■ akin to 與相似(相同)

　　Plagiarism is akin to theft. 剽竊與偷竊性質相同。

　　They speak a language akin to French. 他們說一種類似法語的語言。

　　■ analogous to [with] 與相似

　　This proposal was analogous to/with the one we discussed at the last meeting. 這項提案與上次會議上我們討論過的那份提案相似。

　　The present crisis is analogous with the situation immediately before the war. 目前的危機與大戰前夕的形勢類似。

　　■ as 像一樣

　　Hes not as honest a man as I thought. 他不像我想象的那樣誠實。

　　The work is not so easy as you imagine. 這工作不像你想象的那么容易。

　　He did not need to keep moving house, as his father had. 他沒有像他爸爸那樣不停地搬家。

　　■ as...as 像一樣

　　He was as cold to her as formerly. 他對她還是像過去那樣冷淡。

　　His eyes arent quite as blue as they look in the film. 他的眼睛不像在電影里見到的那么藍。

　　The ground is as hard as stone after the drought. 長期干旱之后土地硬得就像石頭一樣。

　　■ as if 好像，像似的

　　He looked as if he had seen a ghost. 他那副驚駭的樣子就像見到了鬼似的。

　　I couldnt move my legs. It was as if they were stuck to the floor. 我的腿動不了，就好像給固定在地板上似的。

　　I remember the whole thing as if it happened yesterday. 整個這件事我記得很清楚，就仿佛是昨天發生似的。

　　He wandered in to see me as if he had nothing else to do. 他遛遛達達進來看我，好像無事可做的樣子。

　　■ as though 好像，像似的

　　It looks as though youve blown a fuse. 看樣子你把保險絲燒斷了。

　　The bedclothes were tumbled (about) as though the bed had been slept in. 床上的被褥都弄亂了，好像有人睡過覺。

　　He looks as though he hasnt had a square meal for months. 瞧他那樣子 好像幾個月沒好好吃過一頓飯似的。

　　■ as it were 好像，似乎，仿佛

　　This so-called antique, as it were, is a fake. 這個所謂的古董，看上去好像是古董，但實際上是贗品。

　　He became as it were a kind of hero from a strange land. 他仿佛成了一個來自異鄉的英雄。

　　■ compare...to 把比作

　　The poet compared her teeth to pearls. 詩人把她的牙齒比作珍珠。

　　Shakespeare compared the world to a stage. 莎士比亞把世界比作舞臺。

　　Some people have compared him to Elvis. 有些人把他比作貓王埃爾維斯。

　　■ comparison of sth to sth 把比作

　　His comparison of the heart to a pump helped the children understand its action. 他將心臟比作打氣筒(抽水機)有助于孩子們了解心臟的作用。

　　■ like 像一樣

　　The human history is like a long river. 人類歷史像一條長河。

　　The flowers were like a carpet of gold. 那些花卉猶如金色的地毯。

　　She is like a narcissus trembling in the wind. 她像一朵在風中顫抖的水仙花。

　　Living without an aim is like sailing without a compass. 生活沒有目標，猶如航海沒有羅盤。

　　To marry a woman for her beauty is like buying a house for its paint. 由于面貌美麗而娶妻，猶如油漆漂亮而買屋。

　　Searching for one man in this big city is like looking for a needle in a haystack. 在這座大城市里尋找一個人猶如大海撈針。

　　■ liken...to 把比作

　　Life has often been likened to a journey. 生活常常比作旅行。

　　Someone likened his voice to the croaking of a bull-frog. 有人把他的聲音比作牛蛙的叫聲。

　　Life can be likened to a journey with an unknown destination. 人生就好比一場不知終點的旅行。

　　■ may as well...as 做某事正如

　　One might as well throw money into the sea as lend it to William. 把錢借給威廉，就好像把錢扔到海里一樣。

　　He can no more swim than a hammer can. 他不能游泳正如錘子不能游泳一樣。

　　■ no more...than 像一樣不和都不

　　I know no more Spanish than I know Greek. 我對西班牙語和希臘語同樣都不懂。

　　He is no more an artist than you are a mathematician. 就像你不是數學家一樣，他也不是藝術家。

　　He is no more an artist than you are a mathematician. 就像你不是數學家一樣，他也不是藝術家。

　　■ resemblance to 像

　　Frenchmen saw in him a resemblance to Clemenceau. 法國人可以看出他很象克萊蒙梭。

　　Your story bears / has / shows little or no resemblance to the facts. 你說的與事實相去甚遠 或謂根本不符。

　　■ seem 好像

　　The dog lay so still it scarcely seemed animate. 那條狗臥著一動也不動，簡直不像活的。

　　Johns taken up stamp-collecting; he seems really bitten by it. 約翰已經著手集郵，好像真入迷了。

　　The choice of players for the team seems completely arbitrary. 隊員的挑選似乎完全是主觀決定的。

　　■ similar to 與相似

　　Their educational system is similar to that in the United States. 他們的教育制度和美國的差不多。

　　The Dutch grammatical system is very similar to the English system. 荷蘭語的語法體系與英語語法體系十分相似。

　　At our factory there are a few machines similar to those described in this magazine. 我們工廠有幾臺機器和這本雜志上所講述的相似。

　　■ something like 與類似，有點像

　　Its something like an egg. 它有點像一只雞蛋。

　　The house looks something like a castle. 那房子看上去有點像一座城堡。

　　The ceremony was something like a christening. 那個典禮有點像洗禮儀式。

　　■ something of 有點兒像

　　He saw something of a cloud. 他看見一種像云似的東西。

　　On their travels they indulged their hobby of collecting antique furniture. As a result their home had become something of a museum. 他們在每次旅行時，盡興地滿足自己收集古董家具的嗜好。結果他們家成了類似博物館的地方。

　　As, so 正如，也

　　■ As a man lives, so he dies. 正如人能活，也能死。

　　As one makes ones bed, so one must lie on it. (諺)自作自受;自食其果。

　　■ As A is to B, so C is to D C之于D，猶如A之于B

　　As soul is to a body, so is love [so love is] to a home. 愛之于家庭猶如靈魂之于身體。

　　As unselfishness is the real test of strong affection, so unselfishness ought to be the real test of the very highest kind of art. 正如無私是鐘愛的真正考驗，無私也是最高藝術的真正考驗。

　　■ A is to B as C is to D A之于B，猶如C之于D

　　Air is to man as water is to fish. 空氣之于人猶如水之于魚。

　　Parks are to the city as lungs are to the body. 公園之于都市，正如肺之于人。

　　■ A is to B what C is to D A之于B，猶如C之于D

　　Air is to us what water is to fish. 我們離不開空氣，就像魚兒離不開水一樣。

　　Engines are to machines what hearts are to animals. 發動機對機器之關系猶如心臟對動物之關系。

　　Reading is to the mind what food is to the body. 讀書與思想的關系就好比食物與健康的關系。

　　What blood vessel is to a mans body, railway is to transportation. 鐵路對于運輸猶如血管對于人體一樣重要。

　　【導語】英語語法讓很多學生都頭疼，因為復雜難懂的句式和詞組有時難以記憶。英語網為大家整理了英語語法大全，希望對同學們的英語語法學習有所幫助。更多內容盡在英語網。

　　一、基本概念

　　Simile(明喻)是一種最簡單、最常見的修辭方法，與漢語的明喻相似，它指的是將具有共性的不同事物或現象作對比，表明本體和喻體的關系。在明喻中，本體和喻體均同時出現在句中，在形式上是相對應的。注意，用于對比的事物或現象之間的共性存在于人們的心里，而不是事物的自然屬性。

　　二、基本格式

　　基本格式：本體 + 顯著比喻詞 + 喻體

　　三、常見標志詞

　　Simile的常用標志詞有 like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as等。

　　1. 介詞：like 等;

　　2. 連詞：as, as if, as though, as...so, what等;

　　3. 動詞：seem, compare...to, liken...to, bear a resemblance to 等;

　　4. 名詞：comparison, resemblance 等;

　　5. 形容詞：akin to, similar to, be analogous to 等;

　　6. 短語： as it were, no more...than, be something of, be something like等;

　　7. 句式：As, so As A is to B, so C is to D; A is to B as [what] C is to D等。

　　四、典型實例

　　■ akin to 與相似(相同)

　　Plagiarism is akin to theft. 剽竊與偷竊性質相同。

　　They speak a language akin to French. 他們說一種類似法語的語言。

　　■ analogous to [with] 與相似

　　This proposal was analogous to/with the one we discussed at the last meeting. 這項提案與上次會議上我們討論過的那份提案相似。

　　The present crisis is analogous with the situation immediately before the war. 目前的危機與大戰前夕的形勢類似。

　　■ as 像一樣

　　Hes not as honest a man as I thought. 他不像我想象的那樣誠實。

　　The work is not so easy as you imagine. 這工作不像你想象的那么容易。

　　He did not need to keep moving house, as his father had. 他沒有像他爸爸那樣不停地搬家。

　　■ as...as 像一樣

　　He was as cold to her as formerly. 他對她還是像過去那樣冷淡。

　　His eyes arent quite as blue as they look in the film. 他的眼睛不像在電影里見到的那么藍。

　　The ground is as hard as stone after the drought. 長期干旱之后土地硬得就像石頭一樣。

　　■ as if 好像，像似的

　　He looked as if he had seen a ghost. 他那副驚駭的樣子就像見到了鬼似的。

　　I couldnt move my legs. It was as if they were stuck to the floor. 我的腿動不了，就好像給固定在地板上似的。

　　I remember the whole thing as if it happened yesterday. 整個這件事我記得很清楚，就仿佛是昨天發生似的。

　　He wandered in to see me as if he had nothing else to do. 他遛遛達達進來看我，好像無事可做的樣子。

　　■ as though 好像，像似的

　　It looks as though youve blown a fuse. 看樣子你把保險絲燒斷了。

　　The bedclothes were tumbled (about) as though the bed had been slept in. 床上的被褥都弄亂了，好像有人睡過覺。

　　He looks as though he hasnt had a square meal for months. 瞧他那樣子 好像幾個月沒好好吃過一頓飯似的。

　　■ as it were 好像，似乎，仿佛

　　This so-called antique, as it were, is a fake. 這個所謂的古董，看上去好像是古董，但實際上是贗品。

　　He became as it were a kind of hero from a strange land. 他仿佛成了一個來自異鄉的英雄。

　　■ compare...to 把比作

　　The poet compared her teeth to pearls. 詩人把她的牙齒比作珍珠。

　　Shakespeare compared the world to a stage. 莎士比亞把世界比作舞臺。

　　Some people have compared him to Elvis. 有些人把他比作貓王埃爾維斯。

　　■ comparison of sth to sth 把比作

　　His comparison of the heart to a pump helped the children understand its action. 他將心臟比作打氣筒(抽水機)有助于孩子們了解心臟的作用。

　　■ like 像一樣

　　The human history is like a long river. 人類歷史像一條長河。

　　The flowers were like a carpet of gold. 那些花卉猶如金色的地毯。

　　She is like a narcissus trembling in the wind. 她像一朵在風中顫抖的水仙花。

　　Living without an aim is like sailing without a compass. 生活沒有目標，猶如航海沒有羅盤。

　　To marry a woman for her beauty is like buying a house for its paint. 由于面貌美麗而娶妻，猶如油漆漂亮而買屋。

　　Searching for one man in this big city is like looking for a needle in a haystack. 在這座大城市里尋找一個人猶如大海撈針。

　　■ liken...to 把比作

　　Life has often been likened to a journey. 生活常常比作旅行。

　　Someone likened his voice to the croaking of a bull-frog. 有人把他的聲音比作牛蛙的叫聲。

　　Life can be likened to a journey with an unknown destination. 人生就好比一場不知終點的旅行。

　　■ may as well...as 做某事正如

　　One might as well throw money into the sea as lend it to William. 把錢借給威廉，就好像把錢扔到海里一樣。

　　He can no more swim than a hammer can. 他不能游泳正如錘子不能游泳一樣。

　　■ no more...than 像一樣不和都不

　　I know no more Spanish than I know Greek. 我對西班牙語和希臘語同樣都不懂。

　　He is no more an artist than you are a mathematician. 就像你不是數學家一樣，他也不是藝術家。

　　He is no more an artist than you are a mathematician. 就像你不是數學家一樣，他也不是藝術家。

　　■ resemblance to 像

　　Frenchmen saw in him a resemblance to Clemenceau. 法國人可以看出他很象克萊蒙梭。

　　Your story bears / has / shows little or no resemblance to the facts. 你說的與事實相去甚遠 或謂根本不符。

　　■ seem 好像

　　The dog lay so still it scarcely seemed animate. 那條狗臥著一動也不動，簡直不像活的。

　　Johns taken up stamp-collecting; he seems really bitten by it. 約翰已經著手集郵，好像真入迷了。

　　The choice of players for the team seems completely arbitrary. 隊員的挑選似乎完全是主觀決定的。

　　■ similar to 與相似

　　Their educational system is similar to that in the United States. 他們的教育制度和美國的差不多。

　　The Dutch grammatical system is very similar to the English system. 荷蘭語的語法體系與英語語法體系十分相似。

　　At our factory there are a few machines similar to those described in this magazine. 我們工廠有幾臺機器和這本雜志上所講述的相似。

　　■ something like 與類似，有點像

　　Its something like an egg. 它有點像一只雞蛋。

　　The house looks something like a castle. 那房子看上去有點像一座城堡。

　　The ceremony was something like a christening. 那個典禮有點像洗禮儀式。

　　■ something of 有點兒像

　　He saw something of a cloud. 他看見一種像云似的東西。

　　On their travels they indulged their hobby of collecting antique furniture. As a result their home had become something of a museum. 他們在每次旅行時，盡興地滿足自己收集古董家具的嗜好。結果他們家成了類似博物館的地方。

　　As, so 正如，也

　　■ As a man lives, so he dies. 正如人能活，也能死。

　　As one makes ones bed, so one must lie on it. (諺)自作自受;自食其果。

　　■ As A is to B, so C is to D C之于D，猶如A之于B

　　As soul is to a body, so is love [so love is] to a home. 愛之于家庭猶如靈魂之于身體。

　　As unselfishness is the real test of strong affection, so unselfishness ought to be the real test of the very highest kind of art. 正如無私是鐘愛的真正考驗，無私也是最高藝術的真正考驗。

　　■ A is to B as C is to D A之于B，猶如C之于D

　　Air is to man as water is to fish. 空氣之于人猶如水之于魚。

　　Parks are to the city as lungs are to the body. 公園之于都市，正如肺之于人。

　　■ A is to B what C is to D A之于B，猶如C之于D

　　Air is to us what water is to fish. 我們離不開空氣，就像魚兒離不開水一樣。

　　Engines are to machines what hearts are to animals. 發動機對機器之關系猶如心臟對動物之關系。

　　Reading is to the mind what food is to the body. 讀書與思想的關系就好比食物與健康的關系。

　　What blood vessel is to a mans body, railway is to transportation. 鐵路對于運輸猶如血管對于人體一樣重要。