牛津實用英語語法:296 would like和 want
A 在下列情況下,這兩個詞可以互換使用:
1 用于請求或有關請求的問句中(但這里不使用 would not like,
Customer:Id like some raspberries,please./I want some raspberries,please.
顧客:請給我拿點兒木莓。
Greengrocer:Im afraid I havent any.Would you like somestrawberries?
蔬菜水果商:對不起,我沒有木莓了。您來點草莓怎么樣?
Customer:No,I dont want any strawberries,thanks.
顧客:不,謝謝,我不想要草莓。(這里不能用 wouldnt like。)
I would like常常要比 I want更有禮貌。
would you like?要比do you want?更有禮貌,也更殷勤。
would you like?可以含有愿意滿足別人的希望的意思。do youwant?則不含有這種意思。因此,與顧客或客人打交道時,通常用 would you like?:
Caller:Id like to/I want to speak to Mr X,please.
打電話者:我想找X先生說話。
Telephonist:Mr X is out.Would you like to speak to Mr Y?
話務員:X先生出去了。您跟Y先生說行嗎?
2 如果不是提出請求而只是談到愿望時,可以隨意用would like或want的肯定式、疑問式或否定式。它們的意思沒有區別,然而,I want要比I would like顯得更自信。 I want通常不用于表示不可實現的愿望:
I would like to live on Mars.
但愿我能住到火星上去。
B would like和want在下列用法中不能互換:
1 表示邀請時用 would you like?結構,而不能用do you want?結構:
Would you like a cup of coffee?
您想喝一杯咖啡嗎?
Would you like to come to the theatre?
您想來劇院看戲嗎?
do you want?用于此處只表示一種詢問,不含有邀請的意思。
2 wouldnt like和 dont want是有區別的。
dont want表示沒有某種愿望;wouldnt like表示不喜歡。因此,wouldnt like不能用來回答邀請或提議,因為在這種回答中 wouldnt like的口氣將是不禮貌的。在這里常用 dontwant或其他形式來代替 wouldnt like:
Would you like some more coffee?
No,I dont want any more,thanks./No,thanks.
您再來點兒咖啡嗎?
不,不要了,謝謝。
C 在過去時中這兩種形式的變化不同。在間接引語中want變為 wanted,而would like不起變化:
Tom said,I would like/want to see it.
湯姆說:我想看看它。相當于:
Tom said he would like/wanted to see it.
湯姆說他想看看它。
但如果不用間接引語的結構來表示,只能說: Tom wanted tosee it(這里我們不能用would like因為Tom would like to seeit的意思是指現在或將來)。
D would like有兩個過去形式:would like+ 不定式的完成式或would like+ 不定式/名詞/代詞。這些形式只能表示未能實現的愿望:
Id like to have gone skiing./Id have liked a days skiing.
我本想去滑雪的。(但我未能實現我的愿望。)
A 在下列情況下,這兩個詞可以互換使用:
1 用于請求或有關請求的問句中(但這里不使用 would not like,
Customer:Id like some raspberries,please./I want some raspberries,please.
顧客:請給我拿點兒木莓。
Greengrocer:Im afraid I havent any.Would you like somestrawberries?
蔬菜水果商:對不起,我沒有木莓了。您來點草莓怎么樣?
Customer:No,I dont want any strawberries,thanks.
顧客:不,謝謝,我不想要草莓。(這里不能用 wouldnt like。)
I would like常常要比 I want更有禮貌。
would you like?要比do you want?更有禮貌,也更殷勤。
would you like?可以含有愿意滿足別人的希望的意思。do youwant?則不含有這種意思。因此,與顧客或客人打交道時,通常用 would you like?:
Caller:Id like to/I want to speak to Mr X,please.
打電話者:我想找X先生說話。
Telephonist:Mr X is out.Would you like to speak to Mr Y?
話務員:X先生出去了。您跟Y先生說行嗎?
2 如果不是提出請求而只是談到愿望時,可以隨意用would like或want的肯定式、疑問式或否定式。它們的意思沒有區別,然而,I want要比I would like顯得更自信。 I want通常不用于表示不可實現的愿望:
I would like to live on Mars.
但愿我能住到火星上去。
B would like和want在下列用法中不能互換:
1 表示邀請時用 would you like?結構,而不能用do you want?結構:
Would you like a cup of coffee?
您想喝一杯咖啡嗎?
Would you like to come to the theatre?
您想來劇院看戲嗎?
do you want?用于此處只表示一種詢問,不含有邀請的意思。
2 wouldnt like和 dont want是有區別的。
dont want表示沒有某種愿望;wouldnt like表示不喜歡。因此,wouldnt like不能用來回答邀請或提議,因為在這種回答中 wouldnt like的口氣將是不禮貌的。在這里常用 dontwant或其他形式來代替 wouldnt like:
Would you like some more coffee?
No,I dont want any more,thanks./No,thanks.
您再來點兒咖啡嗎?
不,不要了,謝謝。
C 在過去時中這兩種形式的變化不同。在間接引語中want變為 wanted,而would like不起變化:
Tom said,I would like/want to see it.
湯姆說:我想看看它。相當于:
Tom said he would like/wanted to see it.
湯姆說他想看看它。
但如果不用間接引語的結構來表示,只能說: Tom wanted tosee it(這里我們不能用would like因為Tom would like to seeit的意思是指現在或將來)。
D would like有兩個過去形式:would like+ 不定式的完成式或would like+ 不定式/名詞/代詞。這些形式只能表示未能實現的愿望:
Id like to have gone skiing./Id have liked a days skiing.
我本想去滑雪的。(但我未能實現我的愿望。)