中考英語語法：句子的類型同步練習(xí)

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（三）經(jīng)典例題解析 1. Dont drink too much coffee in the evening,____you wont fall asleep. A．a(chǎn)nd B．or C．but D．so 2. Study hard,____you will catch up with others. A．a(chǎn)nd B．or C．but D．so 3. Could you tell me____we will have a discussion tomorrow? A. whom B.that C.what D.where 4. My sister asked me____ kite____． A. who...this was B． whose... this was C. whose...was it D.who...was this 5. Have you returned the book to the library? What did she ask? She asked ____, A. whether you have returned the book to the library B. if you had returned the book to the library C. whether have you returned the book to the library D. if had you returned the book to the library 6．I am writing a report and I cant go shopping with you，George said.（改為由that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句） 7. Will you please tell me____ with Peter? A. whats the matter B. what the matter is C. the matter is what D.what the matter it is 8.I dont know if Mr Wang____．If he____,please let me know. A. Comes... comes B. will come...will come C. comes...will come D. will come...comes 9. Could you tell me____? A. where the bookshop was B. where the bookshop is C. where was the bookshop D. where is the bookshop 10. Light travels faster than sound. （句型轉(zhuǎn)換） The teacher told us that light____________faster than sound. A. travelled B. travels C. is travelling D. was travelling 11.Can you help me with physics or not She asked me.（句型轉(zhuǎn)換） She asked me____I could help her with physics or not. 12. He cant work out the problem by himself. I believe.（用賓語從句改寫句子） 13. She is going to report to us as soon as she____. A. will arrive B.arrives C. is arriving D. is going to arrive 14. Mr Smith has worked in that factory ____ he moved to this city. A. since B.by C.when D.until 15. He was so tired that he couldnt go any further.（句型轉(zhuǎn)換） He was_______ tired ________go any further. 16. Jane studied so hard that she passed the entrance examination finally(句型轉(zhuǎn)換) Jane studied hard _____________ pass the entrance examination finally. 17. Because he is ill, so he cant go to school.（誤） He is ill, so he cant go to school.（正） He cant go to school because he is ill.（正） 18. Although he is old, but he is still in good health.（誤） Although he is old, (yet) he is still in good health.（正） He is old, but he is still in good health.（正） 19. In fact, I didnt understand the question ___________ was asked in French. A. who B.whose C.which D.what 20.All_______ we need is fresh water.

1.【解析】答案是B。這里or表示轉(zhuǎn)折，意為不然，否則。此句可以轉(zhuǎn)換為：If you drink too much coffee in the evening, you wont fall asleep. 2.【解析】答案是A。努力學(xué)習(xí)，你就會趕上別人的。此句可以轉(zhuǎn)換為：If you study hard, you will catch up with others. 注：祈使句在變?yōu)閕f從句后，原祈使句后的and或or必須去掉。 3.【解析】本題考查的是賓語從句引導(dǎo)詞的選擇。連詞that在賓語從句中無實際意義，口語中經(jīng)常省略掉。whom和what應(yīng)當(dāng)是充當(dāng)句子中的賓語，而此句中從句的賓語為 discussion, A,C均不適宜。這里是讓對方告訴明天在哪里開討論會，只有時間，沒有地點，所以此題的正確答案是D。 4.【解析】本題考查了賓語從句的語序及引導(dǎo)詞的選用。賓語從句要使用陳述句語序，即主語 + 謂語的結(jié)構(gòu)，因此首先排除C,D兩項；who和whose都可以引導(dǎo)賓語從句；根據(jù)句意誰的風(fēng)箏，故選B。 5.【解析】答案是B。根據(jù)賓語從句時態(tài)前后應(yīng)保持一致的原則，首先應(yīng)排除A，C兩項；又根據(jù)賓語從句的語序要求陳述句結(jié)構(gòu)，排除D項。 6.【解析】原句為陳述句，引號內(nèi)為直接引語，按要求應(yīng)改成由that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。根據(jù)上面的表格，主句的時態(tài)是過去時，從句的謂語動詞要變成相應(yīng)的過去的時態(tài)，以保持前后時態(tài)的一致。本題答案是George said that he was writing a report and he couldnt go shopping with me. 7.【解析】答案是A。原句Whats the matter with Peter?是一個特殊疑問句，變成了由what引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，因此what在句中作主語，the matter作表語，所以語序不變，系動詞is不可放到表語the matter之后。故仍應(yīng)是whats the matter。類似的結(jié)構(gòu)還有I dont know what is wrong with Peter.而不是I dont know what wrong is with Peter. 8.【解析】此題既考查了賓語從句的時態(tài)，又考查了條件狀語從句。第一個句子里if引導(dǎo)的是一個賓語從句，因不知是否要來，動作尚未發(fā)生，從句的謂語動詞應(yīng)用將來時will come才合情理。第二句中的if引導(dǎo)的是一個條件狀語從句，意思是如果他要來的話。在條件句中應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時代替將來時。惟有D項才同時符合這兩個條件，所以答案為D。 9.【解析】按照語法規(guī)則我們可以首先確定賓語從句為陳述句語序，便可以排除C、D選項。其次要弄清這里的could不表示過去時態(tài)，而是表示一種客氣、婉轉(zhuǎn)的語氣，所以賓語從句不用過去時態(tài)。本題的答案是B。 10.【解析】當(dāng)賓語從句表示的是一個自然現(xiàn)象、科學(xué)原理、客觀事實時，即使主句是過去時，從句也要用一般現(xiàn)在時。因此本題答案為B。 11.【解析】賓語從句中如果是含有or的選擇疑問句，應(yīng)該用whether來連接，而不用if，這里應(yīng)填whether。注：whether和if均可用來引導(dǎo)賓語從句，意思也相同，一般可互換。但下列情形須用whether，不用if。 (1)介詞之后： We are talking about whether we will go for a picnic or not. (2)不定式之前： I asked her whether to sit at the front. (3)與or not連用時： I dont know whether he can speak Japanese or not. 12.【解析】當(dāng)主句的主語為I，we，謂語為think，believe，guess，suppose等詞時，其后的賓語從句的否定應(yīng)該轉(zhuǎn)移到主句上。如：I dont think she can drive a bus.所以本題的答案為：I dont believe he can work out the problem by himself. 13.【解析】答案是B。在when，as，before，after，as soon as，until等引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句和if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句中，從句該用一般將來時的時候，需用一般現(xiàn)在時去代替一般將來時。這里的A，C，D三個選項均表示將來，所以不能選。 14.【解析】答案是A。因為since引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句在絕大多數(shù)情況下時間搭配比較固定，主句是可延續(xù)性動詞的現(xiàn)在完成時，從句是瞬間性動詞的一般過去時，表示動作的起點。但是It is．．since句型例外；如:it is almost ten years since we left school. 1516【解析】結(jié)果狀語從句可以轉(zhuǎn)換成簡單句。當(dāng) that從句是否定式時，可轉(zhuǎn)換成tooto do結(jié)構(gòu)，當(dāng)that從句是肯定式時，可轉(zhuǎn)換成形容詞／副詞+enough( for sb ) to do結(jié)構(gòu)。上面兩道題的答案分別為15. too，to 16. enough，to 17.【解析】表示因為所以這種概念時，不可受漢語習(xí)慣的影響。要么只用 because，構(gòu)成原因狀語從句；要么只用SO，構(gòu)成并列句。because/as/since不能與so出現(xiàn)在同一句中。 18.【解析】 though/although不能與but出現(xiàn)在同一句中，但可以用yet。 In fact, I didnt understand the question ___was asked in French. A. who B.whose C.which D.what 19.【解析】答案是C。事實上我不懂用法語提出的這個問題。句中，先行詞question指物，故用關(guān)系代詞which，在定語從句中作主語。 20.【解析】答案是A。我們所需要的是淡水。句中that we need是定語從句，修飾先行詞all。 all是不定代詞，后面一般不用關(guān)系代詞which修飾，排除C。what不引導(dǎo)定語從句，排除B。D則與句意不符。 1.【解析】答案是B。這里or表示轉(zhuǎn)折，意為不然，否則。此句可以轉(zhuǎn)換為：If you drink too much coffee in the evening, you wont fall asleep. 2.【解析】答案是A。努力學(xué)習(xí)，你就會趕上別人的。此句可以轉(zhuǎn)換為：If you study hard, you will catch up with others. 注：祈使句在變?yōu)閕f從句后，原祈使句后的and或or必須去掉。 3.【解析】本題考查的是賓語從句引導(dǎo)詞的選擇。連詞that在賓語從句中無實際意義，口語中經(jīng)常省略掉。whom和what應(yīng)當(dāng)是充當(dāng)句子中的賓語，而此句中從句的賓語為 discussion, A,C均不適宜。這里是讓對方告訴明天在哪里開討論會，只有時間，沒有地點，所以此題的正確答案是D。 4.【解析】本題考查了賓語從句的語序及引導(dǎo)詞的選用。賓語從句要使用陳述句語序，即主語 + 謂語的結(jié)構(gòu)，因此首先排除C,D兩項；who和whose都可以引導(dǎo)賓語從句；根據(jù)句意誰的風(fēng)箏，故選B。 5.【解析】答案是B。根據(jù)賓語從句時態(tài)前后應(yīng)保持一致的原則，首先應(yīng)排除A，C兩項；又根據(jù)賓語從句的語序要求陳述句結(jié)構(gòu)，排除D項。 6.【解析】原句為陳述句，引號內(nèi)為直接引語，按要求應(yīng)改成由that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。根據(jù)上面的表格，主句的時態(tài)是過去時，從句的謂語動詞要變成相應(yīng)的過去的時態(tài)，以保持前后時態(tài)的一致。本題答案是George said that he was writing a report and he couldnt go shopping with me. 7.【解析】答案是A。原句Whats the matter with Peter?是一個特殊疑問句，變成了由what引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，因此what在句中作主語，the matter作表語，所以語序不變，系動詞is不可放到表語the matter之后。故仍應(yīng)是whats the matter。類似的結(jié)構(gòu)還有I dont know what is wrong with Peter.而不是I dont know what wrong is with Peter. 8.【解析】此題既考查了賓語從句的時態(tài)，又考查了條件狀語從句。第一個句子里if引導(dǎo)的是一個賓語從句，因不知是否要來，動作尚未發(fā)生，從句的謂語動詞應(yīng)用將來時will come才合情理。第二句中的if引導(dǎo)的是一個條件狀語從句，意思是如果他要來的話。在條件句中應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時代替將來時。惟有D項才同時符合這兩個條件，所以答案為D。 9.【解析】按照語法規(guī)則我們可以首先確定賓語從句為陳述句語序，便可以排除C、D選項。其次要弄清這里的could不表示過去時態(tài)，而是表示一種客氣、婉轉(zhuǎn)的語氣，所以賓語從句不用過去時態(tài)。本題的答案是B。 10.【解析】當(dāng)賓語從句表示的是一個自然現(xiàn)象、科學(xué)原理、客觀事實時，即使主句是過去時，從句也要用一般現(xiàn)在時。因此本題答案為B。 11.【解析】賓語從句中如果是含有or的選擇疑問句，應(yīng)該用whether來連接，而不用if，這里應(yīng)填whether。注：whether和if均可用來引導(dǎo)賓語從句，意思也相同，一般可互換。但下列情形須用whether，不用if。 (1)介詞之后： We are talking about whether we will go for a picnic or not. (2)不定式之前： I asked her whether to sit at the front. (3)與or not連用時： I dont know whether he can speak Japanese or not. 12.【解析】當(dāng)主句的主語為I，we，謂語為think，believe，guess，suppose等詞時，其后的賓語從句的否定應(yīng)該轉(zhuǎn)移到主句上。如：I dont think she can drive a bus.所以本題的答案為：I dont believe he can work out the problem by himself. 13.【解析】答案是B。在when，as，before，after，as soon as，until等引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句和if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句中，從句該用一般將來時的時候，需用一般現(xiàn)在時去代替一般將來時。這里的A，C，D三個選項均表示將來，所以不能選。 14.【解析】答案是A。因為since引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句在絕大多數(shù)情況下時間搭配比較固定，主句是可延續(xù)性動詞的現(xiàn)在完成時，從句是瞬間性動詞的一般過去時，表示動作的起點。但是It is．．since句型例外；如:it is almost ten years since we left school. 1516【解析】結(jié)果狀語從句可以轉(zhuǎn)換成簡單句。當(dāng) that從句是否定式時，可轉(zhuǎn)換成tooto do結(jié)構(gòu)，當(dāng)that從句是肯定式時，可轉(zhuǎn)換成形容詞／副詞+enough( for sb ) to do結(jié)構(gòu)。上面兩道題的答案分別為15. too，to 16. enough，to 17.【解析】表示因為所以這種概念時，不可受漢語習(xí)慣的影響。要么只用 because，構(gòu)成原因狀語從句；要么只用SO，構(gòu)成并列句。because/as/since不能與so出現(xiàn)在同一句中。 18.【解析】 though/although不能與but出現(xiàn)在同一句中，但可以用yet。 In fact, I didnt understand the question ___was asked in French. A. who B.whose C.which D.what 19.【解析】答案是C。事實上我不懂用法語提出的這個問題。句中，先行詞question指物，故用關(guān)系代詞which，在定語從句中作主語。 20.【解析】答案是A。我們所需要的是淡水。句中that we need是定語從句，修飾先行詞all。 all是不定代詞，后面一般不用關(guān)系代詞which修飾，排除C。what不引導(dǎo)定語從句，排除B。D則與句意不符。A. that B.what C.which D.who（三）經(jīng)典例題解析 1. Dont drink too much coffee in the evening,____you wont fall asleep. A．a(chǎn)nd B．or C．but D．so 2. Study hard,____you will catch up with others. A．a(chǎn)nd B．or C．but D．so 3. Could you tell me____we will have a discussion tomorrow? A. whom B.that C.what D.where 4. My sister asked me____ kite____． A. who...this was B． whose... this was C. whose...was it D.who...was this 5. Have you returned the book to the library? What did she ask? She asked ____, A. whether you have returned the book to the library B. if you had returned the book to the library C. whether have you returned the book to the library D. if had you returned the book to the library 6．I am writing a report and I cant go shopping with you，George said.（改為由that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句） 7. Will you please tell me____ with Peter? A. whats the matter B. what the matter is C. the matter is what D.what the matter it is 8.I dont know if Mr Wang____．If he____,please let me know. A. Comes... comes B. will come...will come C. comes...will come D. will come...comes 9. Could you tell me____? A. where the bookshop was B. where the bookshop is C. where was the bookshop D. where is the bookshop 10. Light travels faster than sound. （句型轉(zhuǎn)換） The teacher told us that light____________faster than sound. A. travelled B. travels C. is travelling D. was travelling 11.Can you help me with physics or not She asked me.（句型轉(zhuǎn)換） She asked me____I could help her with physics or not. 12. He cant work out the problem by himself. I believe.（用賓語從句改寫句子） 13. She is going to report to us as soon as she____. A. will arrive B.arrives C. is arriving D. is going to arrive 14. Mr Smith has worked in that factory ____ he moved to this city. A. since B.by C.when D.until 15. He was so tired that he couldnt go any further.（句型轉(zhuǎn)換） He was_______ tired ________go any further. 16. Jane studied so hard that she passed the entrance examination finally(句型轉(zhuǎn)換) Jane studied hard _____________ pass the entrance examination finally. 17. Because he is ill, so he cant go to school.（誤） He is ill, so he cant go to school.（正） He cant go to school because he is ill.（正） 18. Although he is old, but he is still in good health.（誤） Although he is old, (yet) he is still in good health.（正） He is old, but he is still in good health.（正） 19. In fact, I didnt understand the question ___________ was asked in French. A. who B.whose C.which D.what 20.All_______ we need is fresh water. A. that B.what C.which D.who