解析雅思閱讀中的動詞不定式
在雅思閱讀中，動詞不定式是一個很難理解的地方，尤其是在關于文章的中心內容的時候?，F在雅思就為大家詳細解析一下雅思閱讀中的動詞不定式，希望對大家的閱讀理解有所幫助。
1)雅思閱讀動詞不定式的構成：
主動態：一般式to do完成式to have done進行式to be doing完成進行式to have been doing
被動態：一般式to be done完成式 to have been done
否定式：not+不定式
2)雅思閱讀不定式的時態：
?、俨欢ㄊ降囊话闶奖硎镜膭幼髋c主句謂語動詞表示的動作同時發生或之后發生。
He seems to know her address.
I hope to see you again.
?、诓欢ㄊ降倪M行體表示的動作正在進行，與主句謂語動詞表示的動作同時發生。其用法主要有以下幾種情況：
a 常用在appear，happen，pretend，seem，hope，promise之后。
She pretended to be listening attentively.
Tom appeared to be living in this area.
I hope to be earning my living in a years time.
I promised to be waiting at the door when he came out.
b 常用在believe，consider，suppose，think，know，report，say，understand等動詞的被動式之后。
He is thought/known/believed/said/supposed to be living in this area = People think/know/ believe/ say/suppose that she is living abroad.
be supposed to通常含有應該意思，表示一定的責任和義務，在雅思閱讀中出現的很多。
You are supposed to know how to use a computer=You should know how to use a computer.
You are supposed to have been studying=You should have been studying.
Students are not supposed to cook in their dormitory=Students shouldnt cook in their dormitory.
3)雅思閱讀不定式的表達主題：
?、儆糜诒磉_發生在主句謂語動詞之前的動作或狀態，也可以表達預計在將來某一時刻之前完成的動作或狀態。
I am sorry to have given you so much trouble.
Were leaving at five oclock in the morning，and hope to have done most of the journey by lunchtime.
?、诓欢ㄊ酵瓿蛇M行體主要用于appear，seem，happen，pretend等之后，也可用于believe，know，report，say，understand等動詞的被動式之后。
He appears to have been waiting for a long time.
He is believed to have been waiting for a message.
不定式的完成進行式與不定式的完成式略有不同，試比較：
He seems to have eaten the apples.
He seems to have been eating the apples.
?、鄄欢ㄊ降耐瓿审w還可以表達本該發生卻未發生的事情常帶這種不定式的謂語動詞有：pretend，intend， appear，seem，should like，expect等。
I meant to have telephoned you，but I forgot.
4)雅思閱讀不定式的語態：
?、僭诓欢ㄊ街澳苷业讲欢ㄊ剿磉_的動作的執行者時，此不定式用主動態;反之則用被動態。被動態在雅思閱讀中出現的時候都是比較難以理解的時候。試比較：
We found the article hard to understand.
He is reading the article to be published tomorrow.
②有時動作執行者不出現，也要用主動態。It is easy to do.
類似的還有：It is impossible to get there.
?、墼趖here be結構中，不定式既可以用主動態，又可以用被動態。
There is no time to lose/to be lost.
There b nothing to do/to be done.
?、芰晳T上用to let，to blame的主動形式表示被動意義。
Nobody was to blame for the accident.
Tom asked her if she had any rooms to let.
在雅思閱讀中，動詞不定式的出現一般都會伴隨著考題，所以大家可以在平時的練習中就予以關注，只有在平時的時候熟悉了，才能在雅思閱讀考試的時候順利的理解。
在雅思閱讀中，動詞不定式是一個很難理解的地方，尤其是在關于文章的中心內容的時候?，F在雅思就為大家詳細解析一下雅思閱讀中的動詞不定式，希望對大家的閱讀理解有所幫助。
1)雅思閱讀動詞不定式的構成：
主動態：一般式to do完成式to have done進行式to be doing完成進行式to have been doing
被動態：一般式to be done完成式 to have been done
否定式：not+不定式
2)雅思閱讀不定式的時態：
?、俨欢ㄊ降囊话闶奖硎镜膭幼髋c主句謂語動詞表示的動作同時發生或之后發生。
He seems to know her address.
I hope to see you again.
?、诓欢ㄊ降倪M行體表示的動作正在進行，與主句謂語動詞表示的動作同時發生。其用法主要有以下幾種情況：
a 常用在appear，happen，pretend，seem，hope，promise之后。
She pretended to be listening attentively.
Tom appeared to be living in this area.
I hope to be earning my living in a years time.
I promised to be waiting at the door when he came out.
b 常用在believe，consider，suppose，think，know，report，say，understand等動詞的被動式之后。
He is thought/known/believed/said/supposed to be living in this area = People think/know/ believe/ say/suppose that she is living abroad.
be supposed to通常含有應該意思，表示一定的責任和義務，在雅思閱讀中出現的很多。
You are supposed to know how to use a computer=You should know how to use a computer.
You are supposed to have been studying=You should have been studying.
Students are not supposed to cook in their dormitory=Students shouldnt cook in their dormitory.
3)雅思閱讀不定式的表達主題：
①用于表達發生在主句謂語動詞之前的動作或狀態，也可以表達預計在將來某一時刻之前完成的動作或狀態。
I am sorry to have given you so much trouble.
Were leaving at five oclock in the morning，and hope to have done most of the journey by lunchtime.
?、诓欢ㄊ酵瓿蛇M行體主要用于appear，seem，happen，pretend等之后，也可用于believe，know，report，say，understand等動詞的被動式之后。
He appears to have been waiting for a long time.
He is believed to have been waiting for a message.
不定式的完成進行式與不定式的完成式略有不同，試比較：
He seems to have eaten the apples.
He seems to have been eating the apples.
③不定式的完成體還可以表達本該發生卻未發生的事情常帶這種不定式的謂語動詞有：pretend，intend， appear，seem，should like，expect等。
I meant to have telephoned you，but I forgot.
4)雅思閱讀不定式的語態：
?、僭诓欢ㄊ街澳苷业讲欢ㄊ剿磉_的動作的執行者時，此不定式用主動態;反之則用被動態。被動態在雅思閱讀中出現的時候都是比較難以理解的時候。試比較：
We found the article hard to understand.
He is reading the article to be published tomorrow.
?、谟袝r動作執行者不出現，也要用主動態。It is easy to do.
類似的還有：It is impossible to get there.
③在there be結構中，不定式既可以用主動態，又可以用被動態。
There is no time to lose/to be lost.
There b nothing to do/to be done.
?、芰晳T上用to let，to blame的主動形式表示被動意義。
Nobody was to blame for the accident.
Tom asked her if she had any rooms to let.
在雅思閱讀中，動詞不定式的出現一般都會伴隨著考題，所以大家可以在平時的練習中就予以關注，只有在平時的時候熟悉了，才能在雅思閱讀考試的時候順利的理解。
