2024屆高考英語一輪復習基礎鞏固學案：Unit 2《Animal Kingdom》（重大版必修4）

　　Ⅰ.重點單詞識記 1．source /s?s/ n．來源；水源 2．share /e?/ n．共享；一份；vt./vi.分享，分擔；分配 3．revenge /rIvend?/ n．報仇，復仇 4．measure /me??/ vt./vi.計量；估計；判斷 5．adventure /?dvent??/ n．冒險 6．branch /br?nt?/ n．分支，下屬部門 7．fascinating /f?sIneItI?/ adj.迷人的，醉人的 8．unexpected /?nIks′pektId/ adj.想不到的，意外的→expected adj.預期要發(fā)生的；期待中的→expect vi./vt.預料；期待→expectation n．預期；期待；指望 9．constant /k?nst?nt/ adj.經常的，不斷發(fā)生的→constantly adv.不變地；經常地 10．curious /kj??rI?s/ adj.好奇的；求知的→curiously adv.好奇地→curiosity n．好奇，好奇心；求知欲 11．patiently /peI?ntlI/ adv.有耐性地；有毅力地→patient adj.耐心的→patience n．耐心，忍耐；毅力 12．determine /dIt??mIn/ vt./vi.決定，使下定決心→determination n．堅定；果斷；決心→determined adj.有決心的，堅定的 13．reserve /rIz??v/ n．保留地，保護區(qū)；vt.儲備，保留；預約→reservation n．禁獵區(qū)，自然保護區(qū) 14．conduct /k?nd?kt/ vt.實施；處理→conductor n．管理人；向導 .重點短語識記 1．not only...(but) also...不但……而且…… 2．get at到達，夠到 3．take one’s share取……的份額 4．be determined to決定做…… 5．be sure of確信 6.be grateful to感激…… 7．lead...to通往……，引向…… 8．be afraid of害怕…… 9.in revenge報復 10．show off炫耀 11.used to (過去)常常做…… 12．get close to接近 13．take...as把……當成 14．set up 建立，建造 15．look after/take care of照顧，照看 16．bring about導致，引起 .經典原句默寫與背誦 1．Honey is not only a good source of natural sugar；it is also delicious. 蜂蜜不僅是天然糖的上佳來源，而且它本身也香醇可口，甘甜怡人。 2．Often，these nets are high up in trees，and it is difficult to find them. 通常，這些巢高懸在樹上，很難找到它們。 3．That must have been quite an adventure.Did you go there alone? 那一定是非常冒險的了。你是獨自一人去的那里嗎？ 4．I found them fascinating and wanted to know as much as I could about them. 我發(fā)現它們很迷人，想盡可能多地了解它們。 　 1．He looked at my uncle curiously.(curious) 2．My mom’s encouragement determined me to go on with my study.(determine) 3．The working temperature of the liquid must be measured every hour.(measure) 4．They have reserved rooms for us at a hotel.(reserve) 5．It was exacting work and required all his patience.(patient) 6．He continued his interrupted studies after the war.(continual) 　 1 be curious about對……感到好奇 be curious to do...極想做…… curiosity n．好奇心；求知欲 from/out of curiosity出于好奇 with curiosity＝curiously好奇地 Don’t be too curious about things you’re not supposed to know. 不該知道的事別去打聽。 Ryle accepted more out of curiosity than anything else. 賴爾更多的是出于好奇才同意的。夯實基礎同義句改寫 The woman in the shop looked at them curiously.(用curiosity改寫句子) The woman in the shop looked at them with curiosity. 2 be patient with對……有耐心 patience n．耐心；耐性；忍耐 beyond one’s patience無法忍受 out of patience沒有耐心 have no patience with對……沒有耐心 She’s very patient with young children. 她對幼兒特別有耐心。 This job calls for patience. 這份工作需要耐心。夯實基礎 (1)Miss Grant is patient with her students(對她的學生有耐心)． (2)His rudeness was beyond my patience(我無法忍受) and I wanted to leave. 3 determine to do...決定做……(表示動作) determine on/upon 決定 determine sb.to do...使某人決定做…… be determined to do...決心做某事(表示狀態(tài)) with determination堅決地；果斷地 It’s true that our future is determined by many things，such as opportunities and help from others. 我們的未來由許多因素決定，如機會、他人的幫助等，這是毫無疑問的。(2024·浙江·書面表達) She is determined to do it regardless of all consequences.她不顧一切后果，決心這樣做。夯實基礎 (1)同義句改寫 We determined on an early start.(用不定式改寫句子) We determined to start early. (2)Determined to give up smoking(決心戒煙)，he threw away his remaining cigarettes. 4 reserve sth.for...為……保留某物 reserve the right to do sth.保留做某事的權利 in reserve備用的 with/without reserve有/沒有保留地 make a reservation預訂，預約 Do you have to reserve tickets in advance? 你一定要提前訂票嗎？夯實基礎用適當的介詞填空 (1)Frankly speaking，I have little money in reserve. (2)She told me all about it without reserve. (3)In the United States lanes are reserved for cars with more than one occupant. 5 conduct an experiment/an inquiry/a survey進行實驗/詢問/調查 conduct oneself舉止，表現 conduct oneself well (＝behave oneself)舉止端莊；行為檢點 conduct sb.to...引領某人到…… I decided to conduct an experiment. 我決定進行一次實驗。 He has trouble understanding that other people judge him by his conduct. 別人通過他的行為舉止對他進行評判，這一點他很難理解。夯實基礎 (1)單句改錯 Please conduct me to meet your head teacher.去掉meet (2)A long-term study conducted by(由……主持進行) the medical school shows that babies of smoking mothers will be less healthy than those of nonsmoking mothers. Ⅰ.單項填空 1．When he tried to make a ，he found that the hotel that he wanted was completely filled because of a convention. A．complaint B．claim C．reservation D．decision 答案　C 解析　句意為：當他試圖預訂房間時，發(fā)現那個旅店因為有一個會議已經客滿了。reservation預訂，符合題意。 2．He was determined that his children to the best school available. A．should go B．went C．ought to go D．would go 答案　A 解析　determine后跟的從句中常用should do，should可省。 3．These seats are for special guests. A．preserved B．reserved C．reversed D．occupied 答案　B 解析　此處考查reserve sth.for...的被動形式。reserve儲備或預定為將來特殊情況使用；preserve強調“收藏，保存”，其目的是使之完好無損、質量不變。 4．The agreement doesn’t allow you to business from your home. A．make B．conduct C．afford D．arrange 答案　B 解析　conduct business管理生意，符合題意。 .漢譯英 1．我發(fā)現老師既有耐心又體貼人。(patient)(2024·湖北·短文寫作) I found the teachers patient and considerate. 2．首先，我認為一個有效的方法就是用科學的方法把水貯存起來以備將來使用。(reserve)(2010·福建·書面表達) Firstly，an effective way，I think，is to reserve water in a scientific way for future use. 1．Someone had got at the witness before the trial. 2．She was afraid of hurting my feelings. 3．Dr. Bethune set up a small hospital and saved many lives. 4．When we got close to the door，we heard shouts inside. 5．He saw music as a way to bring about political change. 　 lead sb.to do...使某人做…… lead sb.to...使某人得出…… lead the way帶路 lead sb.by the nose牽著某人的鼻子走 in the lead領先；處于首位 take the lead帶頭；領先 In class I will divide the students into small groups and lead them to practice speaking English in an interesting way. 在課堂上我把學生分成小組用有趣的方法讓他們練習說英語。(2010·天津·書面表達) 夯實基礎 (1)That can lead to(導致) serious consequences. (2)With him leading the way(帶路)，we got there without any difficulty. Ⅰ.單項填空 1．It’s going to rain. Xiao Feng, will you please help me the clothes on the line? A．get off B．get back C．get in D．get on 答案　C 解析　get off下車；get back回來；get in收集；get on上車；進展。由句意知選C項。 2．The discovery of new evidence led to . A．the thief having caught B．catch the thief C．the thief being caught D．the thief to be caught 答案　C 解析　lead to導致，to為介詞，排除B項；the thief與catch之間為被動關系，排除A項；根據題意這賊已被抓，又排除D項。 3．He liked her paper so much that he his own work and translated it into Chinese. A．gave off B．turned down C．took over D．set aside 答案　D 解析　考查動詞短語的辨析。give off發(fā)出(光、熱等)；turn down調低；拒絕；take over接管；set aside把……放一邊。由句意知D項正確。 4．We strongly believe that war never settles anything.It only violence. A．runs into B．comes from C．leads to D．begins with 答案　C 解析　句意為：我們堅信戰(zhàn)爭不會解決任何問題。它只會導致暴力。lead to導致，符合句意。 .漢譯英她為我們樹立了一個好榜樣。(set an example)(2010·浙江·書面表達) She has set a good example for us. 　 用that，whether，how，whatever完成下列句子 (1)It’s no surprise that our team has won the game. (2)Whatever he likes will be given to him. (3)I am not sure whether he will come here or not. (4)The problem is whether the book will be published. (5)My question how I shall get in touch with him has not been answered. 1 Honey is not only a good source of natural sugar；it is also delicious.蜂蜜不僅是天然糖的上佳來源，而且它本身也香醇可口，甘甜怡人。 not only...but also...通常可以連接兩個并列的謂語、賓語、表語、狀語等，還可以連接兩個并列的句子。 (1)not only A but also B＝B as well as A (2)not only...but also...連接兩個分句時，若not only位于句首，not only所在的分句要用部分倒裝，but also后面的分句不倒裝。 (3)not only...but also...連接并列主語時，謂語動詞的人稱和數遵守“就近原則”。 (4)not only只能連用，而but also既可連用，也可分開用。 Yet through his painstaking efforts，he changed not only his own fate but also the history of America. 通過這些艱苦的努力，他不但改變了自己的命運也改變了美國的歷史。(2024·浙江·書面表達) 夯實基礎同義句改寫 He speaks not only English and French but also Spanish.(用not only位于句首改定句子) Not only does he speak English and French but also Spanish. 2 (1)must表示推測，一般用于肯定句中，意為“一定，準是”。 (2)must do/be doing表示對現在發(fā)生事情的推測；must have done表示對過去發(fā)生事情的推測。 (3)must表推測時，在否定句中用can或could。 (4)含有must (表推測)的句子，構成反意疑問句時，其疑問部分應與沒有must的句子構成的反意疑問句相同。 Harry’s been driving all day—he must be tired. 哈利一天都在開車——他準是很累了。 You must have been really upset. 你準很心煩。夯實基礎完成下列反意疑問句 (1)It must be Tom，isn’t it? (2)He must have finished the homework yesterday，didn’t he? (3)He must have been to China，hasn’t he? Ⅰ.單項填空 1．Not only be interesting to us，but also its English will help us in composition. A．the novel will B．will the novel C．is the novel D．the novel is 答案　B 解析　not only連接句子放在句首時，句子要用部分倒裝語序。 2．Your time is running out.Change your mind it is too late! A．since B．when C．until D．before 答案　D 解析　句意為：你快沒時間了，趁著來得及(趁著還不晚)改變主意吧！before在……之前；since自從；when當……時候；until直到。 3．There’s a saying：“Life is 10% happens to us and 90% we respond to it. A．who；why B．what；how C．which；when D．that；that 答案　B 解析　第一空從句中缺少主語來引導名詞性從句，第二空可從句意上判斷選擇正確的連詞。 .漢譯英 1．通過英語俱樂部里的活動，我們不但練習而且學了更多的英語。(not only...but also...)(2010·湖南·書面表達) By the activities in our English club，we not only practise but also learn more English. 2．這就是我們的問題所在。(表語從句) This is where our problem lies. 　 1．Whenever I made mistakes，the teacher pointed them out with .(2024·江西，22) A．curiosity B．satisfaction C．envy D．patience 答案　D 解析　本題考查名詞詞義辨析。curiosity 好奇心；satisfaction滿意；envy忌妒；patience耐心。根據句意“每當我犯錯的時候，老師總是耐心地指出我的錯誤”。可知D項意義合適。 2．Experiments of this kind in both the U．S. and Europe well before the Second World War.(2011·北京，21) A．have conducted B．have been conducted C．had conducted D．had been conducted 答案　D 解析　句意為：早在第二次世界大戰(zhàn)之前，這種實驗就在美國和歐洲進行過了。根據句中的時間狀語before the Second World War可知，應該用過去完成時態(tài)，故排除A、B兩項。再根據謂語動詞conduct和主語experiments之間為邏輯上的動賓關系可知，本題選D項。 3．People have always been about exactly how life on earth began.(2010·天津，5) A．curious B．excited C．anxious D．careful 答案　A 解析　句意為：人們對于地球上人類的起源問題一直充滿好奇。be curious about對……感到好奇，符合題意。be excited about因……而激動；be anxious about為……而憂慮；be careful about當心……。 4．Jack described his father，who a brave boy many years ago，as a strong-willed man.(2010·安徽，32) A．would be B．would have been C．must be D．must have been 答案　D 解析　句意為：杰克把多年以前曾是個勇敢男孩的父親描述成為一個意志堅強的人。must have been是對過去事實的肯定猜測；must be是對現在事實的肯定猜測；would be是過去將來時；would have been是虛擬語氣，故選D項。 5．The fact has worried many scientists the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years.(2009·江西，33) A．what B．which C．that D．though 答案　C 解析　分析句式結構可知此處缺少同位語從句的引導詞，從句意義、結構均完整，所以選that。 6．The computer was used in teaching.As a result，not only ，but students became more interested in the lessons.(2009·海南，31) A．saved was teachers’ energy B．was teachers’ energy saved C．teachers’ energy was saved D．was saved teachers’ energy 答案　B 解析　句意為：電腦在教學中應用，結果不僅節(jié)省了老師的精力，也使學生對課堂更感興趣。在not only...but also...連接的句子中，如果not only放在句首則本句用部分倒裝，但but also連接的句子則不用，故選B。 　 .單項填空 1．Would you allow your child to do such a thing if you are in position of parent? A．a；a B．a；the C．the；a D．the；the 答案　C 解析　本題考查冠詞。第一空特指處在作為父母親的位置；第二空后為可數名詞單數，故用a。 2．People working 10 or 11 hours a day are more likely to suffer from health problems than who go off duty after eight hours. A．those B．that C．these D．them 答案　A 解析　考查代詞的用法。those用來指代前文的problems。 3．Over the past decades，sea ice in the arctic as a result of global warming. A．had decreased B．decreased C．has been decreasing D．is decreasing 答案　C 解析　考查時態(tài)。over the past decades常與現在完成時及現在完成進行時連用。 4．Thanks to the measures by the local government，the polluted river is becoming clearer and clearer and fish have begun to show up in it. A．taking B．taken C．to take D．having taken 答案　B 解析　考查非謂語動詞。the measures 與take 之間是動賓關系，故用過去分詞短語作后置定語。 5． is most important to me，I think，is my teaching course. A．It B．This C．As D．What 答案　D 解析　考查名詞性從句的連詞。從題干看，本題連詞引導的是主語從句，連詞在從句中作主語，因此選D項。 6．—It’s already five years since we last met.Shall we have a get-together tonight? — . A．It’s a pleasure B．That’s all right C．I can’t agree more D．It’s very kind of you 答案　C 解析　考查交際用語。句意為：——自從我們上次見面已經5年了。今晚我們聚一聚好嗎？——非常樂意。It’s a pleasure不客氣；That’s all right沒關系；I can’t agree more非常樂意；It’s very kind of you你真好。 7．On the top of the hill stands a wooden house， the forest keeper once lived. A．which B．that C．where D．when 答案　C 解析　句意為：山頂上有個木屋，守林人曾經住在那兒。where引導非限制性定語從句，在從句中作地點狀語。 8．— Excuse me，I wonder if you can help.I my passport. — But where did you lose it? A．have lost B．lost C．had lost D．lose 答案　A 解析　考查時態(tài)。句意為：——請問，你能幫我嗎？我的護照丟了。——你是在哪里丟的？根據句意可知，passport現在還沒找到，所以用現在完成時。 9．In my opinion， matters is not one’s looks，but one’s inner thoughts. A．that B．it C．what D．this 答案　C 解析　考查名詞性從句。what引導主語從句，在從句中作主語。 10．Every Friday is the school open day， parents can go to the class to observe it. A．where B．when C．whose D．which 答案　B 解析　考查定語從句。句意為：每周五是學校開放日，這時候家長們可以來學校聽課。關系副詞when引導定語從句，在從句中作時間狀語。 .閱讀理解 A The folks in the passing vehicles cast stares at those walking on the streets and sidewalks，unable to take their eyes off the 40,000 faces gleaming with pride.Our Walk for Hunger stickers barely cling to our clothes because of the sweat we were producing.A body-odor perfume as strong as our compassion was created with our perspiration(汗水)．As my friend and I crossed the balloon archway that signified the end of the 20-mile walk，our heart was full of enthusiasm and hope. On the bus from Boston back to my school，my feet ached as I thought of the eight-year-old girl who completed her fifth walk；the volunteers with encouraging energy；the teenagers with attitude in their voice and cell phones in their ears.In all their eyes，there was a glimmer of hope and true concern for others，not just for themselves. Too many people think only in terms of self-improvement，rather than human-race improvement.People have thrown compassion and philanthropy(慈善行為) out of the window，seeing only themselves and money to be made，forgetting about the people who are trying to survive each day. As I stay up late to finish homework，these thoughts surface in my mind，as well as this recurring question：How can someone not care about the 30,000 children who die each day from preventable and treatable diseases？How can anyone pretend it does not affect you when it does？We are living on this planet together，and should be working as one to make sure everyone has a pleasant experience，rather than letting people suffer from starvation or disease.We need to live together under the umbrella of love as inhabitants of the same world. 1．What were the 40,000 people doing according to the first paragraph? A．Taking an adventure. B．Making a promotion for a product. C．Competing in a sports event. D．Doing some charity work. 答案　D 解析　細節(jié)理解題。根據第一段和第二段可知，40 000個人參加Walk for Hunger這一活動，而Walk for Hunger是一項為挨餓的人募捐的慈善活動。由此可知，他們在做一項慈善工作。 2．What’s the author’s attitude towards those who think only in terms of self-improvement? A．Appreciative. B．Doubtful. C．Disapproving. D．Cautious. 答案　C 解析　推理判斷題。根據第三段可知，那些只知道自我提高的人不關心他人，以自我為中心；根據最后一段后半部分可知，作者認為我們應該關愛他人。由此可推知，作者并不認同那些只注重自我修養(yǎng)的人的做法。 3．We can infer from the last paragraph that the author . A．didn’t finish the 20-mile walk B．regretted finishing his homework late C．was too tired to do his homework D．was concerned about the suffering children 答案　D 解析　推理判斷題。根據文章最后一段可知，作者認為我們同在一個星球，應該努力讓每一個人過得開心，而不是看著別人遭受挨餓或疾病的痛苦而不管不顧。由此可知，作者關心那些挨餓和生病的兒童。 4．Which of the following could be the best title for the passage? A．Care for Others B．Walk for Hunger C．Keep Fit Through Walking D．Live Together in Peace 答案　B 解析　標題歸納題。本文作者主要講述了自己參加Walk for Hunger這一慈善活動的感受并借此號召人們關心和幫助那些挨餓和生病的兒童。由此可知，B項為最佳標題。 B Geniuses amaze us，impress us and make us all a little jealous.How do they differ from the average people？Scientists are working hard to figure out that answer.Tune in to the National Geographic Channel to find out about the discoveries they’re making in the series My Brilliant Brain. When Marc Yu was only two years old，he began to play the piano.After a year，he started learning pieces by Beethoven.Now he’s a world-famous concert pianist at age eight.He learns newer and more difficult pieces with ease and can identify any note he hears.He seems to be specially designed for music.In Born Genius，National Geographic looks at the science behind child prodigies(神童) to explain why some children seem to be born without limits. Genius didn’t come naturally to Tommy McHugh.It came only after he nearly died from bleeding in his brain.After recovering，McHugh’s head was filled with new thoughts and pictures.So，he began to express them in the form of poetry and art.Now，he’s a seemingly unstoppable creative machine.Sufferers of autism(自閉癥) and brain injury have shown that great mental ability can sometimes come from damage or disease.Accidental Genius explores this puzzling relationship. Can normal people be trained to be geniuses？Susan Polger has shown no signs of extraordinary intelligence.Yet，during her childhood，she studied thousands of chess patterns and learned to recognize them immediately.As a result，she was able to beat skilled adult players by age 10 and can now play up to five games at the same time without even seeing the boards.Make Me a Genius examines what it takes to turn an ordinary brain into that of a genius. If becoming a genius were easy，we’d all be one.Yet，there is much more to super intelligence than simply being born lucky.Learn more about amazing brains this month on National Geographic’s My Brilliant Brain. 5．The author takes Marc Yu as an example to show that a child prodigy is . A．a child who learns something easily B．a child who is eager to learn new things C．a pianist who practices an instrument a lot D．a student who works hard to do well in school 答案　A 解析　細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段第四句“He learns newer and more difficult pieces with ease...”可知答案。 6．From the text，we know that . A．more and more scientists are studying the brain B．geniuses mostly are born with great wits C．there’s no such person as a true genius D．there are many factors in being a genius 答案　D 解析　推理判斷題。根據第二至第四段的不同事例可知，成為天才的情況有很多種。 7．The author develops the text mainly by . A．providing typical examples B．following the natural time order C．presenting a cause and analyzing its effects D．comparing opinions from different scientists 答案　A 解析　邏輯結構題。文章主體部分列舉了三個天才的不同事例，因此作者組織文章的方式是列舉典型事例。 8．My Brilliant Brain is most probably from . A．a website B．a TV channel C．a magazine D．a newspaper 答案　B 解析　細節(jié)理解題。根據第一段最后一句“Tune in to the National Geographic Channel...”可知答案。 .寫作素材(關于人物經歷) 1．湯姆是個充滿好奇心的學生。 2．他尤其對蜂蜜的來源好奇。 3．所以他下定決心要弄明白蜜蜂是怎樣釀蜜的。 4．他來到一處自然保護區(qū)，在管理人員的陪同下，實地參觀了蜂蜜的釀造過程。 5．這次經歷使他受益很多。提示：黑體部分用本單元詞匯表達，并且請使用who引導的定語從句，how引導的賓語從句。連句成篇(將以上句子連成一篇50詞左右的英語短文) Tom was a student who was full of curiosity.He was especially curious about the source of honey，so he determined to find out how the bees made honey.He came to a nature reserve.In the company of the conductor，he visited the making process of honey.The experience benefited him a lot.