2024高考英語人教版一輪學(xué)案：必修一 Unit1 Friendship
Unit1 Friendship
詞匯復(fù)習(xí)：
1、add vi.&vt.
根據(jù)語境猜詞義
(1) Their debt added_up_to
more than 100,000 yuan.
(2) His absence added_to the difficulties to solve the problem.
(3) Please add some sweet to the milk to make it more delicious.
(4) He added that the importance to rid the world of hunger should be emphasized.
(5) Add your scores up and we'll see who won.
根據(jù)語義找匹配
A. 補(bǔ)充說 B. 增加，增添
C. 把……加到……上；往……添加……
D. 總計達(dá) E. 合計； 加起來
(1) D (2) B (3) C (4) A (5)Ecome to ＝ add up to
added adj. 額外的；附加的；增添的
addition n. 除此之外； 另外in addition (to) 除此之外The company provides cheap Internet access. In addition, it makes software freely available.
該公司提供廉價的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)接入服務(wù)。此外，它還推出免費(fèi)的共享軟件。
In addition to his movie work, Redford is known as a champion of environmental causes.
除了電影事業(yè)外，雷福德還是知名的環(huán)保斗士。根據(jù)語境用add的適當(dāng)短語填空
The president said it was not easy to manage a company, (1) adding(補(bǔ)充說) that the financial crisis (2) added to(增加) the difficulties. However, the dormitory for the workers must (3) be added to (擴(kuò)建) and they would (4) add a toilet to(把……加到……) each room. The week before, he (5) added up(把……加起來) all the expenses and the total (6) added up to(加起來的總和是，共計) more than 100,000 yuan.
2、concern vt.&n.
根據(jù)語境猜詞義
(1) One of the concerns that people have is that teenagers surf the Internet too much.
(2) In her last days, she expressed concern for the poor students.
(3) This study concerns the matter of English study.
(4) Issues like food additives do concern me.
根據(jù)語義找匹配
A.與……有關(guān)；關(guān)于
B. 擔(dān)心 C. 使……擔(dān)心 D. 關(guān)切
(1) B (2) D (3) A (4) C
concerned adj. 有關(guān)的； 憂慮的
concerning prep. 關(guān)于；有關(guān)；涉及show concern about/for 擔(dān)心，關(guān)心，掛念
have no concern for毫不關(guān)心
concern oneself about/ for 關(guān)心……；為……擔(dān)憂
concern oneself with 從事；參與
be concerned about/over/for 關(guān)心； 掛念
be concerned with/in 與……有關(guān)；涉及as far as…is concerned 就……而言 (主要用于發(fā)表個人意見，常用在寫作中，以發(fā)表自己的見解，可以代替I think)
As far as I am concerned, I prefer to work in a team, which offers me a chance to learn how to get along with others and to share my experiences with them.
就我而言，我愿意團(tuán)隊合作，這就能為我提供學(xué)習(xí)與他人如何相處，如何分享的機(jī)會。根據(jù)語境用concern的恰當(dāng)短語填空
Besides doing his research work, Professor Wang (1) concerns himself with/in or is concerned with/in (從事)social work. For example, he (2) shows concern about/for or is concerned about/for (關(guān)心)world peace and human progress. He also made it clear that his research work should (3) be concerned with or concern (與……有關(guān))the farmers' income because (4) as far as he is concerned (就他而論), to increase the farmers' income is of greater importance than anything else.
3、suffer vt.&vi.
根據(jù)語境猜詞義
(1) His health suffered terribly from heavy drinking.
(2) The city suffered serious damage from the earthquake.
(3) He is suffering from a bad cold.
(4) I can't suffer what you said. Shut up!根據(jù)語義找匹配
A.患……病
B. 遭受；蒙受(痛苦、饑餓、損失等)
C. 因……而受損失 D. 容忍
(1) C (2) B (3) A (4) Dsuffering n. 痛苦，苦難 sufferer n. 受苦者；受難者；患者
suffer from 受……苦；患……(病)suffer for 為……而受苦
suffer 與suffer from 都沒有被動語態(tài)，也不存在其過去分詞充當(dāng)狀語或定語之類的情況。 單項(xiàng)填空
()(1) ______ heart attack for years, Professor White has to take some medicine with him wherever he goes.
A. Suffered
B. Suffering
C. Being suffered from
D. Having suffered from D 考查suffer的搭配與非謂語動詞的用法。由于suffer不用于被動語態(tài)，所以先排除其過去分詞及現(xiàn)在分詞的被動式的用法，即排除答案A和C。由于其賓語位置上的名詞是疾病名稱，所以要與from連用，故答案是D。()(2) To some life means pleasure, but to others______.
A. suffer
B. suffering
C. sufferings
D. sufferedB 考查suffer的詞性變化。根據(jù)命題特點(diǎn)，它是一個承前省略句，其選項(xiàng)部分應(yīng)是句子的賓語，所以答案應(yīng)是名詞，故答案為B。
4、calm vt. & adj.
根據(jù)語境猜詞義
(1) He remained calm in the time of danger.
(2) Charlie tried his best to calm the frightened boy.
(3) A ship is lying on the calm sea, sleeping. 根據(jù)語義找匹配
A.風(fēng)平浪靜；無風(fēng)的；(海洋、湖泊等)平靜的
B. 使平靜；使安靜；安撫
C. 鎮(zhèn)靜的；沉著的
(1) C (2) B (3) Acalm down鎮(zhèn)靜；平靜
calm sb. down使某人鎮(zhèn)靜 calm/quiet/still/silent
calm 指無風(fēng)浪或人的心情平靜
quiet 指環(huán)境安靜，不吵鬧
still 指沒有運(yùn)動或動作的狀態(tài)
silent 指不做聲，不講話 用calm/quiet/still/silent填空
(1) Please keep still still while I take your photograph.
(2) Still waters run deep.
(3) “B” is a silent letter in “doubt”.
(4) You‘d better be silent about what happened.
(5) The street is quiet at deep night.
(6) The sea was calm.
(1) still still指“一動不動”的靜。
(2) Still 靜水流深，大智若愚。
(3)－(4) silent silent指“不發(fā)音”或“不說話”保持沉默的靜。
(5) quiet quiet指自然界的寧靜或指人不激動、不興奮的靜。
(6) calm calm指海、湖面無風(fēng)浪的靜或指心境的鎮(zhèn)定、冷靜。猜猜After a storm comes a calm. 的含義。
其字面意思是：暴風(fēng)雨過后便是寧靜。引申為：雨過天晴；柳暗花明。
5、go through
根據(jù)語境猜詞義
(1)He'd gone_through all his money by the end of the first week of his holiday.
(2)These countries have gone_through too many wars.
(3)She went_through her pockets and in the end found the keys.
(4)You have to go_through some formalities (手續(xù)) if you want to enter our school. 根據(jù)語義找匹配
A. 履行
B. 經(jīng)歷，經(jīng)受 C. 仔細(xì)檢查
D. 用完
(1) D (2) B (3) C (4) Ago against 違背
go abroad 出國；去海外
go ahead (交際用語。用于鼓勵對方去說、去做)說吧！做吧！
go all out to do sth. 全力以赴地做某事
go away 離開
go back to 回到……；追溯到
go far 大有前途
go too far 太過分
go in for 愛好；從事；參與
go on 繼續(xù)
go over 復(fù)習(xí)；批改go up (水的)上升；(價格的)上漲
go with 與……匹配
at one go 一下子；一舉
be on the go 十分活躍； 非常忙碌
make a go of ＝ succeed in sth. 在……獲得成功
have a go at sb. ＝ scold sb. 指責(zé)某人
have a go on sth. ＝ have a try on sth. 嘗試某事get through 完成；通過；接通(電話)；花費(fèi)
look through 瀏覽；仔細(xì)檢查；往……里面看
come through 安然度過(疾病；危機(jī)等)
live through 活過來單項(xiàng)填空
()(1) The police suspected him of carrying drugs so they ______ his bag, but found nothing.
A. looked up
B. turned in
C. searched for
D. went throughD 考查動詞短語的語義辨析。look up 抬頭看，仰望； turn in上交； search for 搜尋； go through 經(jīng)歷；仔細(xì)檢查。根據(jù)語境：警察懷疑他攜帶毒品，因此他們就仔細(xì)地檢查他的包，但什么也沒找到。所以答案是D。()(2) Although he had ______ through a lot, he didn't ______ through his job on time.
A. looked; go
B. got; go
C. gone; get
D. got; comeC 考查動詞短語的語義辨析。look through 瀏覽，仔細(xì)看； go through 經(jīng)歷； get through 完成； come through安然度過。根據(jù)語境：盡管他歷盡千辛萬苦，但還是沒按時做完他的工作。所以答案為C。
6、set down
根據(jù)語境猜詞義
(1) I have set_down everything that happened, exactly as I remember it.
(2) The bus sets the children down just outside the school gate.
根據(jù)語義找匹配
A. 放下；停車讓乘客下車
B. 記下；寫下
(1) B (2)Aset about 著手做……；開始做……
set apart 使……分開；留出
set aside 把……置于一邊；不顧
set off 動身；出發(fā)；引爆
set out 動身；出發(fā)；闡明； 著手做……；開始做……(1)你知道這些動詞與down連用時的語義嗎？
put down; take down; break down；cut down; let down；keep down
put down 放下，記下； take down 摘下； break down (機(jī)器)壞了；(人)累垮；cut down 砍伐(樹木)；削減； let down使……失望； keep down 壓抑(感情)；使(經(jīng)費(fèi))不增加。(2)set about與set out都有“著手做……；開始做……”的意思，你知道它們的區(qū)別嗎？
set about中的about是介詞，其后接v.-ing形式；而set out則需要接to do。
7、be tired of
根據(jù)語境猜詞義
Although English is hard to learn, I'm not tired_of it. On the contrary, I'm interested in it. 根據(jù)語義找匹配：A. 厭煩；討厭 B. 疲憊
A
be tired of 討厭……
be tired from 因……而疲憊
be tired out 筋疲力盡tire v. (使……)疲勞；(使……)疲倦
tired adj. 疲倦的；困倦的；厭倦的；陳舊的
tiring adj. 令人疲勞的； 令人厭煩的
tiresome adj. 令人疲勞的； 令人厭煩的根據(jù)語境語義用恰當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~或副詞填空
I'm tired from the travel and I'm tired out， so I'm tired of travel. 8、get along with
根據(jù)語境猜詞義
(1) How are you getting_along_with your study?
(2) He is easy to get_along_with. 根據(jù)語義找匹配：A. 與……相處
B. 進(jìn)展
(1) B (2) A
get about 四處走動；傳開
get across 傳達(dá)；使……理解
get along/on (with) 進(jìn)展，相處
get away 逃脫，設(shè)法離開
get back 恢復(fù)；回來；收回
get down 記下；下來；下車；使……憂愁
get down to doing sth. 開始認(rèn)真干某事
get in 收割；進(jìn)入；被錄取
get off 出發(fā)；下車
get on 上車
get out 泄露；逃離
get over 克服，成功應(yīng)付；復(fù)原
get together 聚會；收集
get up 起床；組織，籌劃
根據(jù)語境語義用恰當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~或副詞填空
(1)Don't get down the bus until it has stopped.
(2)I tried phoning her office, but I couldn't get through.
(3)Readers can get along very smoothly without knowing the exact meaning of each word while reading newspapers.
9、While_walking_the_dog,_you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car. (P1)
遛狗時，你太粗心，狗扣松了而被車撞了。
While walking the dog我們把它稱之為“連接詞＋非謂語動詞”，根據(jù)現(xiàn)代語法理論，其非謂語動詞的選擇不受連接詞的限定，而是根據(jù)主語與其關(guān)系，即主動，用v.-ing形式；被動，用v.-ed形式；如果非謂語動詞后有介詞能構(gòu)成 “be ＋ 過去分詞＋介詞”句式的，就用v.-ed形式。單項(xiàng)填空
()(1) I won't go to the party unless______.
A. invited
B. inviting
C. to invite
D. invite
A 考查“連接詞＋ 非謂語動詞”的用法。invite與主語I是被動關(guān)系，用過去分詞，所以答案是A。 ()(2) (2009·湖南)Every evening after dinner, if not ______ from work, I will spend some time walking my dog.
A. being tired
B. tiring
C. tired
D. to be tired
C 考查“連接詞＋ 非謂語動詞”的用法。因非謂語動詞后有介詞能構(gòu)成 “be ＋tired＋from”句式，用過去分詞，所以答案是C。10、…one evening when it was so warm, I stayed awake on purpose until half past eleven in_order_to have a good look at the moon by myself. (P2)
在某個溫馨之夜，為了能一個人好好地看看月亮，我故意不睡直到十一點(diǎn)半。in order to 所表達(dá)的是目的狀語，表示“為了……”之意。其否定式是in order not to do sth.，既可放在句首，又可放在句中。
In order to catch up with his classmate as soon as possible, he works even harder.
為了能盡快地趕上同學(xué)，他學(xué)習(xí)更加刻苦了。
He set out early in the morning in order not to miss the early bus.
為了不錯過早班車，他一大早就動身了。 (1) in order that 與so that 引導(dǎo)的是目的狀語從句，在現(xiàn)代英語中，in order that 與so that沒有太大的區(qū)別，但so that還可以引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句。
He spoke at the top of his voice at the meeting in order that/so that everyone present could hear him. (目的狀語從句)他在會上聲嘶力竭地喊著以便所有在場的人都能聽到。
He spoke at the top of his voice at the meeting, so that everyone present heard him. (結(jié)果狀語從句)他在會上聲嘶力竭地喊著結(jié)果所有在場的人都聽到了。根據(jù)括號中的漢語提示完成下列句子
(1) We must make the polluted water clean in order that it doesn't make the river polluted (為了不使河流受到污染)．
(2) We work hard in order to pass the entrance exam/in order that we can pass the entrance exam (為了能通過入學(xué)考試)．(2) in order that與in order to do sth.的關(guān)系
當(dāng)主從復(fù)合句中的前后主語一致時，我們才可以使用in order to do sth.句式，如題(2)；否則必須使用主從復(fù)合句，如題(1)。in order to do sth./ so as to do sth. /to do sth. / so…as to
in order to do sth. 既可位于句首，也可位于句中；
so as to do sth.不能放在句首；
to do sth.不用于否定概念。
In order to / To keep up with his classmates, he studies hard.
He studies hard in order not to / so as not to fall behind.
so…as to只表示結(jié)果，表示“到某種程度以至于……”，否定形式為so…as not to。so后面接形容詞或副詞。運(yùn)用以上短語完成下面的情景
