2024高考英語人教版一輪學(xué)案：必修四 Unit4 Body language
Unit4 Body language
1、curious adj.
根據(jù)語境猜詞義
(1) The foreign tourists were surrounded by the curious_children.
(2) Poetry also calls up the colors, feeling, experiences and curious images of a dream world.
(3) He is suffering from a curious disease.
根據(jù)語義找匹配：A. 奇妙的 B. 好奇的 C. 奇怪的
(1) B (2) A (3) C
curiosity n. 好奇心、求知欲
curiously adv. 好奇地
be curious about 對……感到好奇
be curious to do 急于做/極想做
out of curiosity 出于好奇
單項(xiàng)填空
()(1) I was ______ to find out what he said.
A. strange
B. amusing
C. curious
D. conscious
C 考查形容詞詞義辨析。be curious to do 急于做/極想做。strange 奇怪的； amusing 令人快樂的；conscious 有意識的。
()(2) (2010·天津) People have always been______ about exactly how life on earth began.
A. curious
B. excited
C. anxious
D. careful
A 考查形容詞的意義和用法。句意：人們一直對于地球生命的起源感到好奇。根據(jù)介詞about后面賓語從句的意義，可以確定前面表示的是好奇，be curious about 是“對……感到好奇”的意思。
2、approach n．&v.
根據(jù)語境猜詞義
(1) Spring is approaching. Everything is awaking.
(2) As we approached the woods, fresh air is coming towards us.
(3) He is in his sixties and approaching retirement.
根據(jù)語義找匹配
A. (時間上)臨近，接近 B. (空間上)走近，靠近
(1) A (2) B (3)A
approach/way/method/means
approach 除“方法”之外，還有“接近”的意思。an approach to(介詞)。
way 一般用語，指解決問題的具體辦法或途徑，也指個人的特殊的“方式、方法”，常常構(gòu)成：in the way 用這種方法；the way to do/the way of doing (to為不定式) “做某事的方法”。
method 著重指系統(tǒng)的、科學(xué)的有條理辦事方法或解決問題的思路，構(gòu)成“with a method 用一種方法”和“the method of ＋名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)。
means 指任何用來達(dá)到目的的東西，可指器具、工具、機(jī)器等，也可指行動、方法、策略、手段等。其單復(fù)數(shù)同形， 構(gòu)成“by means of 通過……方法” 結(jié)構(gòu)。
在使用這幾個詞時，注意它們的搭配：
(1)句型搭配
the way of ＋ n. / doing sth.
the way to do sth.
the method of ＋ n.
the approach to ＋ n. / doing sth.
(2) “用這種方法”表達(dá)方法
in this way
by this means
with this method
單項(xiàng)填空
()There is no easy ______ to the mathematics problem.
A. way
B. means
C. method
D. approach
D 考查名詞與介詞的搭配辨析。approach方法，與to連用，表示“……的方法”，而means翻譯為“方式”，不可與to連用。method與with 搭配。way則與of連用，和to連用時，to為不定式。
3、major n．v.&adj.
根據(jù)語境猜詞義
(1)Chinese, maths and English are three major subjects.
(2)He is majoring in English.
(3)He is a history major.
根據(jù)語義找匹配：A. 主修 B. ……專業(yè)的學(xué)生 C. 主要的(主要做定語，無比較級)
(1) C (2) A (3) B
majority n. 大多數(shù)，大部分
反義詞： minority 少數(shù)
the majority of 大多數(shù)
major/main/chief
major adj. 較大的， 主要的
main adj. 最重要的，主要的
chief adj.主要的，最重要的；職位/ 職稱最高級別的；n. 部落首領(lǐng)；領(lǐng)袖，總裁4、defend v.
根據(jù)語境猜詞義
(1)We shall defend our country, whatever the cost may be.
(2)The defense of the accused was rather weak.
根據(jù)語義找匹配：A. 捍衛(wèi)；保衛(wèi) B. 辯護(hù)
(1) A (2) B
in defence of 保衛(wèi)，為……辯護(hù)
defend…of(后接被保護(hù)者)
defend…from/ against (后接入侵者或造成危害者)
defend/protect/guard/preserve/reserve
defend 含有采取措施抵御或擊退外來威脅或攻擊，另外defend還有“辯護(hù)”的意思。
The soldiers are defending the island against invasion.
protect常含有提供安全的方式來驅(qū)開不適、傷害或進(jìn)攻。
She wore the sunglasses to protect her eyes from the sunlight.
guard 含有“看守”的意思。
The warehouse is guarded and is very safe.
preserve 指采取措施維護(hù)……的安全。
It is one of the duties of the police to preserve public order.
reserve保留，保存(to keep for special use)
I reserve the right to disagree.
單項(xiàng)填空
()We should defend ourselves ______ the traffic accident while walking home from school.
A. against
B. with
C. in
D. of
A 考查固定短語。defend…against 后接造成危害的東西；defend…of后接被保護(hù)者。所以答案是A。
5、be likely to do
She is_likely_to lose the election.
根據(jù)語境be likely to do意為：______。
有可能。
likely/possible/probable
likely是常用詞，指從表面上看很有可能。主語既可以是人也可以是物。可以說sb./sth. be likely to do或it's likely that…， 但是不可以說 It is likely for sb. to do。
possible強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀上有可能，但含有實(shí)際上可能性很小的意思。主語不可以是人，只能是用it作形式主語。構(gòu)成It is possible for sb. to do sth.或It is possible that…
probable 語氣比possible強(qiáng)，主要強(qiáng)調(diào)有根有據(jù)、合情合理的推測，含有“很有可能，十有八九”的意思。構(gòu)成It is probable for sb. to do sth. 。作表語時，主語不能是人或動詞不定式。
單項(xiàng)填空
()(1) It's nearly eleven o'clock and mother ______ walk in at any moment.
A. is possible to
B. is probable to
C. is likely to
D. is able to
C 考查likely/ possible/probable的辨析。當(dāng)主語是人時，只能用sb. be likely to do sth.句式，所以答案是C。
()(2) I think the team of your class will be ______ to win, but you have to work harder.
A. possible
B. likely
C. probable
D. certain
B possible和 probable只能構(gòu)成It's ＋ adj.＋to do sth.句式；certain是“一定、理所當(dāng)然”，根據(jù)but you have to work harder判斷，沒有十足的把握，所以答案是B。
6、lose (one's) face
根據(jù)語境猜詞義
When Tom failed to beat his opponent, he felt he had lost_his_face with his friends.
根據(jù)語境，lose (one's) face的語義是：______。
沒面子、丟臉。
save (one‘s) face挽回面子
lose heart 灰心，泄氣
lose one's heart to 愛上，鐘情于
lose one's temper 生氣；發(fā)脾氣
lose one's life 獻(xiàn)出生命；喪生
lose one‘s way 迷路
lose courage 喪失勇氣
lose weight 減肥
lose sight of 看不見
lose touch with 與……失去聯(lián)系
單項(xiàng)填空
()In order not to ______， he spent the whole night preparing for the speech of next day.
A. lose courage
B. lose heart
C. lose face
D. lose voice
C 考查動詞短語的辨析。lose courage喪失勇氣；lose heart灰心，泄氣； lose face 丟臉；lose one's voice失聲。根據(jù)語境：為了不丟面子，他花了一晚上的時間準(zhǔn)備第二天的演講。所以答案是C。
7、The_first_person_to_arrive was Tony Garcia from Colombia, closely followed by Julia Smith from Britain.(P26)
第一個到達(dá)的是從哥倫比亞來的托尼·加西亞，隨后緊跟著的是英國的朱莉婭·史密斯。
the first person to arrive中是動詞不定式to arrive作定語，修飾先行詞the first person。動詞不定式作定語，我們應(yīng)該注意以下問題：
(1)注意非謂語動詞動作所發(fā)生的時間都是在謂語動詞之后。與先行詞是主動關(guān)系，就用to do; 形成被動關(guān)系，就用to be done。
Everyone to visit the Great Wall sign here, please.
凡去參觀長城的人請?jiān)谶@兒報名。
(2) 由only, last, next, 序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級修飾的名詞常用不定式作定語。動詞不定式作定語要放在所修飾的名詞或代詞之后。
She was the only one to get a scholarship.
她是唯一得到獎學(xué)金的人。
(3) 當(dāng)謂語動詞是have 或get作“有”講時，動詞不定式的主動與被動取決于句中有沒有其邏輯主語參與動詞不定式這一活動，有，就用主動式；沒有，就用其被動式。
I'll go to the post office because I have something to post. Do you have something to be posted?
(4)作定語的不定式如果是不及物動詞，或者不定式所修飾的名詞或代詞是不定式動作的地點(diǎn)、工具，不定式后面須加相應(yīng)的介詞。
She is looking for a room to live in.
她在尋找一間房子住。
()(2006·湖北) At the meeting they discussed three different ______to the study of mathematics.
A. approaches
B. means
C. methods
D. ways
Tony approached Julia, touched her shoulder and kissed her on the cheek！(P26)
A 考查名詞詞義辨析。approaches方法， 與to連用，表示“……的方法”。
Unit4 Body language
1、curious adj.
根據(jù)語境猜詞義
(1) The foreign tourists were surrounded by the curious_children.
(2) Poetry also calls up the colors, feeling, experiences and curious images of a dream world.
(3) He is suffering from a curious disease.
根據(jù)語義找匹配：A. 奇妙的 B. 好奇的 C. 奇怪的
(1) B (2) A (3) C
curiosity n. 好奇心、求知欲
curiously adv. 好奇地
be curious about 對……感到好奇
be curious to do 急于做/極想做
out of curiosity 出于好奇
單項(xiàng)填空
()(1) I was ______ to find out what he said.
A. strange
B. amusing
C. curious
D. conscious
C 考查形容詞詞義辨析。be curious to do 急于做/極想做。strange 奇怪的； amusing 令人快樂的；conscious 有意識的。
()(2) (2010·天津) People have always been______ about exactly how life on earth began.
A. curious
B. excited
C. anxious
D. careful
A 考查形容詞的意義和用法。句意：人們一直對于地球生命的起源感到好奇。根據(jù)介詞about后面賓語從句的意義，可以確定前面表示的是好奇，be curious about 是“對……感到好奇”的意思。
2、approach n．&v.
根據(jù)語境猜詞義
(1) Spring is approaching. Everything is awaking.
(2) As we approached the woods, fresh air is coming towards us.
(3) He is in his sixties and approaching retirement.
根據(jù)語義找匹配
A. (時間上)臨近，接近 B. (空間上)走近，靠近
(1) A (2) B (3)A
approach/way/method/means
approach 除“方法”之外，還有“接近”的意思。an approach to(介詞)。
way 一般用語，指解決問題的具體辦法或途徑，也指個人的特殊的“方式、方法”，常常構(gòu)成：in the way 用這種方法；the way to do/the way of doing (to為不定式) “做某事的方法”。
method 著重指系統(tǒng)的、科學(xué)的有條理辦事方法或解決問題的思路，構(gòu)成“with a method 用一種方法”和“the method of ＋名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)。
means 指任何用來達(dá)到目的的東西，可指器具、工具、機(jī)器等，也可指行動、方法、策略、手段等。其單復(fù)數(shù)同形， 構(gòu)成“by means of 通過……方法” 結(jié)構(gòu)。
在使用這幾個詞時，注意它們的搭配：
(1)句型搭配
the way of ＋ n. / doing sth.
the way to do sth.
the method of ＋ n.
the approach to ＋ n. / doing sth.
(2) “用這種方法”表達(dá)方法
in this way
by this means
with this method
單項(xiàng)填空
()There is no easy ______ to the mathematics problem.
A. way
B. means
C. method
D. approach
D 考查名詞與介詞的搭配辨析。approach方法，與to連用，表示“……的方法”，而means翻譯為“方式”，不可與to連用。method與with 搭配。way則與of連用，和to連用時，to為不定式。
3、major n．v.&adj.
根據(jù)語境猜詞義
(1)Chinese, maths and English are three major subjects.
(2)He is majoring in English.
(3)He is a history major.
根據(jù)語義找匹配：A. 主修 B. ……專業(yè)的學(xué)生 C. 主要的(主要做定語，無比較級)
(1) C (2) A (3) B
majority n. 大多數(shù)，大部分
反義詞： minority 少數(shù)
the majority of 大多數(shù)
major/main/chief
major adj. 較大的， 主要的
main adj. 最重要的，主要的
chief adj.主要的，最重要的；職位/ 職稱最高級別的；n. 部落首領(lǐng)；領(lǐng)袖，總裁4、defend v.
根據(jù)語境猜詞義
(1)We shall defend our country, whatever the cost may be.
(2)The defense of the accused was rather weak.
根據(jù)語義找匹配：A. 捍衛(wèi)；保衛(wèi) B. 辯護(hù)
(1) A (2) B
in defence of 保衛(wèi)，為……辯護(hù)
defend…of(后接被保護(hù)者)
defend…from/ against (后接入侵者或造成危害者)
defend/protect/guard/preserve/reserve
defend 含有采取措施抵御或擊退外來威脅或攻擊，另外defend還有“辯護(hù)”的意思。
The soldiers are defending the island against invasion.
protect常含有提供安全的方式來驅(qū)開不適、傷害或進(jìn)攻。
She wore the sunglasses to protect her eyes from the sunlight.
guard 含有“看守”的意思。
The warehouse is guarded and is very safe.
preserve 指采取措施維護(hù)……的安全。
It is one of the duties of the police to preserve public order.
reserve保留，保存(to keep for special use)
I reserve the right to disagree.
單項(xiàng)填空
()We should defend ourselves ______ the traffic accident while walking home from school.
A. against
B. with
C. in
D. of
A 考查固定短語。defend…against 后接造成危害的東西；defend…of后接被保護(hù)者。所以答案是A。
5、be likely to do
She is_likely_to lose the election.
根據(jù)語境be likely to do意為：______。
有可能。
likely/possible/probable
likely是常用詞，指從表面上看很有可能。主語既可以是人也可以是物?？梢哉fsb./sth. be likely to do或it's likely that…， 但是不可以說 It is likely for sb. to do。
possible強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀上有可能，但含有實(shí)際上可能性很小的意思。主語不可以是人，只能是用it作形式主語。構(gòu)成It is possible for sb. to do sth.或It is possible that…
probable 語氣比possible強(qiáng)，主要強(qiáng)調(diào)有根有據(jù)、合情合理的推測，含有“很有可能，十有八九”的意思。構(gòu)成It is probable for sb. to do sth. 。作表語時，主語不能是人或動詞不定式。
單項(xiàng)填空
()(1) It's nearly eleven o'clock and mother ______ walk in at any moment.
A. is possible to
B. is probable to
C. is likely to
D. is able to
C 考查likely/ possible/probable的辨析。當(dāng)主語是人時，只能用sb. be likely to do sth.句式，所以答案是C。
()(2) I think the team of your class will be ______ to win, but you have to work harder.
A. possible
B. likely
C. probable
D. certain
B possible和 probable只能構(gòu)成It's ＋ adj.＋to do sth.句式；certain是“一定、理所當(dāng)然”，根據(jù)but you have to work harder判斷，沒有十足的把握，所以答案是B。
6、lose (one's) face
根據(jù)語境猜詞義
When Tom failed to beat his opponent, he felt he had lost_his_face with his friends.
根據(jù)語境，lose (one's) face的語義是：______。
沒面子、丟臉。
save (one‘s) face挽回面子
lose heart 灰心，泄氣
lose one's heart to 愛上，鐘情于
lose one's temper 生氣；發(fā)脾氣
lose one's life 獻(xiàn)出生命；喪生
lose one‘s way 迷路
lose courage 喪失勇氣
lose weight 減肥
lose sight of 看不見
lose touch with 與……失去聯(lián)系
單項(xiàng)填空
()In order not to ______， he spent the whole night preparing for the speech of next day.
A. lose courage
B. lose heart
C. lose face
D. lose voice
C 考查動詞短語的辨析。lose courage喪失勇氣；lose heart灰心，泄氣； lose face 丟臉；lose one's voice失聲。根據(jù)語境：為了不丟面子，他花了一晚上的時間準(zhǔn)備第二天的演講。所以答案是C。
7、The_first_person_to_arrive was Tony Garcia from Colombia, closely followed by Julia Smith from Britain.(P26)
第一個到達(dá)的是從哥倫比亞來的托尼·加西亞，隨后緊跟著的是英國的朱莉婭·史密斯。
the first person to arrive中是動詞不定式to arrive作定語，修飾先行詞the first person。動詞不定式作定語，我們應(yīng)該注意以下問題：
(1)注意非謂語動詞動作所發(fā)生的時間都是在謂語動詞之后。與先行詞是主動關(guān)系，就用to do; 形成被動關(guān)系，就用to be done。
Everyone to visit the Great Wall sign here, please.
凡去參觀長城的人請?jiān)谶@兒報名。
(2) 由only, last, next, 序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級修飾的名詞常用不定式作定語。動詞不定式作定語要放在所修飾的名詞或代詞之后。
She was the only one to get a scholarship.
她是唯一得到獎學(xué)金的人。
(3) 當(dāng)謂語動詞是have 或get作“有”講時，動詞不定式的主動與被動取決于句中有沒有其邏輯主語參與動詞不定式這一活動，有，就用主動式；沒有，就用其被動式。
I'll go to the post office because I have something to post. Do you have something to be posted?
(4)作定語的不定式如果是不及物動詞，或者不定式所修飾的名詞或代詞是不定式動作的地點(diǎn)、工具，不定式后面須加相應(yīng)的介詞。
She is looking for a room to live in.
她在尋找一間房子住。
()(2006·湖北) At the meeting they discussed three different ______to the study of mathematics.
A. approaches
B. means
C. methods
D. ways
Tony approached Julia, touched her shoulder and kissed her on the cheek！(P26)
A 考查名詞詞義辨析。approaches方法， 與to連用，表示“……的方法”。
