2024屆高考英語(yǔ)一輪基礎(chǔ)語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練：專(zhuān)題十二 《冠詞》（人教版）

　　專(zhuān)題十二　冠詞

　　◆不定冠詞的考查要點(diǎn)

　　1．表示數(shù)量“一”，相當(dāng)于“one”。

　　I’ll return in a day or two.

　　2．表示“同一”，相當(dāng)于“the same”。

　　The children are of an age.

　　3．表示泛指或類(lèi)指，指人或事物的某一個(gè)、某一類(lèi)。

　　He wants to be a doctor.

　　4．用于某一些表示重量、長(zhǎng)度、時(shí)間等單位前，表示“每一”。

　　We have meals three times a day.

　　5．用于專(zhuān)有名詞前表示類(lèi)似的一個(gè)或某一個(gè)，相當(dāng)于“a certain”。

　　A Mr.Li is asking to see you.

　　6．與某些物質(zhì)名詞或抽象名詞連用，表示“一種、一類(lèi)、一份、一場(chǎng)、一陣……”。

　　a heavy rain

　　7．用在某些固定詞組中。

　　have a swim＝swim

　　題組訓(xùn)練1

　　根據(jù)語(yǔ)境在下面的空格處填上合適的冠詞

　　1．It is generally accepted that a boy must learn to stand up and fight like a man.

　　2．—It’s said John will be in a job paying over $60,000 a year.

　　—Right，he will also get paid by the week.

　　3．Dr.Peter Spence，/ headmaster of the school，told us，“A fifth of pupils here go on to study at Oxford and Cambridge.”

　　4．The biggest whale is a blue whale，which grows to be about 29 meters long—the height of a 9-storeyed building.

　　5．We can never expect a bluer sky unless we create a less polluted world.

　　◆定冠詞的考查要點(diǎn)

　　1．用于上文提到過(guò)的人或事物前。

　　I have bought a book.The book is very useful.

　　2．用于說(shuō)話人與聽(tīng)話人都知道的人或事物前。

　　Close the window，please.

　　3．用于表示世界上獨(dú)一無(wú)二的事物前，如：the sun。

　　4．用于表示方位的名詞之前，如：in the east。

　　5．用于序數(shù)詞或形容詞的最高級(jí)之前，如：the first。

　　6．用于形容詞之前，使其名詞化，表示一類(lèi)人。

　　7．用于由普通名詞構(gòu)成的專(zhuān)有名詞之前。

　　8．用于江河、海洋、海峽、山脈、群島、建筑物等名詞之前，如：the West Lake。

　　9．用于復(fù)數(shù)姓氏之前，表示“夫婦”或“全家”。

　　10．用于作為課程或演奏等的西洋樂(lè)器名詞前，如：play the piano，play the violin。

　　11．用于表示單位的名詞前，如：by the day按日。

　　12．用于年代、朝代、時(shí)代名詞前，如：in the 1970s。

　　13．用于某些固定詞組中，如：in the morning。

　　題組訓(xùn)練2

　　根據(jù)語(yǔ)境在下面的空格處填上合適的冠詞

　　1．Let’s go to the cinema—that’ll take your mind off the problem for a while.

　　2．What a pity that you couldn’t be there to receive the_prize!

　　3．Some people fear that / air pollution may bring about changes in the weather around the world.

　　4．As is known to all，the People’s Republic of China is the biggest developing country in the world.

　　5．As he reached the front door，Jack saw a strange sight.

　　◆不用冠詞的情況

　　1．不含普通名詞的專(zhuān)有名詞、物質(zhì)名詞、抽象名詞、人名、地名等名詞前，一般不加冠詞，如：China，America。

　　2．可數(shù)名詞前有物主代詞、指示代詞、名詞所有格等限制時(shí)，不加冠詞。

　　Einstein’s theory proved to be correct.

　　3．季節(jié)、月份、星期、節(jié)日、假日、一日三餐名稱(chēng)前一般不加冠詞，如：March，have supper。

　　4．稱(chēng)呼語(yǔ)前不加冠詞。

　　What shall I do next，Mother?

　　5．表示獨(dú)一無(wú)二的頭銜、職務(wù)名詞作表語(yǔ)、同位語(yǔ)或補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，一般不加冠詞。

　　6．學(xué)科名稱(chēng)、球類(lèi)、棋類(lèi)名稱(chēng)前不加冠詞。

　　7．復(fù)數(shù)名詞表示泛指一類(lèi)人或事物時(shí)，前不加冠詞。

　　8．在與by連用的交通工具名稱(chēng)前不加冠詞。

　　9．連系動(dòng)詞turn后的表語(yǔ)單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前不加冠詞。

　　The young worker has turned writer.

　　10．a(chǎn)s，though引導(dǎo)的倒裝讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中的表語(yǔ)(單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞)置于句首時(shí)不加冠詞。

　　Child as he is，he knows a lot.

　　11．某些固定詞組中不加冠詞，如：husband and wife，arm in arm。

　　題組訓(xùn)練3

　　根據(jù)語(yǔ)境在下面的空格處填上合適的冠詞

　　1．Everything comes with a_price; there is no such / thing as free lunch in the world.

　　2．It’s a_good feeling for people to admire the Shanghai World Expo that gives them / pleasure.

　　3．In communication，a smile is usually a strong sign of a friendly and / open attitude.

　　4．What / fun it is to swim in the river in summer.

　　5．Jack，/ monitor of our class，is a hard-working student.

　　◆語(yǔ)法填空

　　A

　　I came to study in the United States a year ago.Yet I did not know the American society 1.until/till I was injured in a car accident because after the accident I had to see a doctor and go to court.2.After the accident，my roommate called a doctor for me.I was very 3.thankful(thank) and decided to repay him one day.But 4.the next day，he asked me to pay him $200 for 5.what he had done.I was astonished.He had good reason to charge me，he said.And 6.if I wanted to collect money from the person who was responsible for my 7.injury(injure)，I’d have to have a good lawyer.Now that he had helped me to find a good doctor，it was only fair that I should pay him.

　　But every time I went to see the doctor，I had to wait about 50 minutes.He would see two 8.or three patients at the same time，and often stop 9.treating(treat) one so as to see another.Yet he charged me $115 each time.The final 10.examination(examine) report only contained ten lines，but it cost me $215.

　　B

　　One day，there was a poor boy who was trying to pay his way through school by selling goods.He was hungry，1.so he decided to beg for a meal at the next house.

　　2．However，he lost his nerve when a lovely young woman opened the door.Instead of a meal he asked 3.for a drink of water.She thought he looked hungry so she brought him a large glass of milk.He drank it slowly，and then asked，“How much do I owe you？” “You don’t owe me anything，” she replied.“Mother has taught me never to accept pay for a 4.kindness(kind)．”

　　Years later the young woman became critically ill.Specialists were called in to study 5.her rare disease.Dr. Howard Kelly，now famous，was called in for the consultation.When he went into her room，he recognized her at once.He went back to the consultation room and 6.determined(determine) to do his best to save her life.After a long struggle，the battle was 7.won(win)．The bill was sent to her room.She was afraid to open 8.it because she was positive that it would take the rest of her life to pay it off.Finally she looked，and the note on the side of the bill caught her attention.

　　“Paid in full with a glass of milk.”

　　Tears of joy flooded her eyes as she prayed 9.silently(silent)，“Thank you，God.Your love has spread 10.through human hearts and hands.”

　　專(zhuān)題十二　冠詞

　　◆不定冠詞的考查要點(diǎn)

　　1．表示數(shù)量“一”，相當(dāng)于“one”。

　　I’ll return in a day or two.

　　2．表示“同一”，相當(dāng)于“the same”。

　　The children are of an age.

　　3．表示泛指或類(lèi)指，指人或事物的某一個(gè)、某一類(lèi)。

　　He wants to be a doctor.

　　4．用于某一些表示重量、長(zhǎng)度、時(shí)間等單位前，表示“每一”。

　　We have meals three times a day.

　　5．用于專(zhuān)有名詞前表示類(lèi)似的一個(gè)或某一個(gè)，相當(dāng)于“a certain”。

　　A Mr.Li is asking to see you.

　　6．與某些物質(zhì)名詞或抽象名詞連用，表示“一種、一類(lèi)、一份、一場(chǎng)、一陣……”。

　　a heavy rain

　　7．用在某些固定詞組中。

　　have a swim＝swim

　　題組訓(xùn)練1

　　根據(jù)語(yǔ)境在下面的空格處填上合適的冠詞

　　1．It is generally accepted that a boy must learn to stand up and fight like a man.

　　2．—It’s said John will be in a job paying over $60,000 a year.

　　—Right，he will also get paid by the week.

　　3．Dr.Peter Spence，/ headmaster of the school，told us，“A fifth of pupils here go on to study at Oxford and Cambridge.”

　　4．The biggest whale is a blue whale，which grows to be about 29 meters long—the height of a 9-storeyed building.

　　5．We can never expect a bluer sky unless we create a less polluted world.

　　◆定冠詞的考查要點(diǎn)

　　1．用于上文提到過(guò)的人或事物前。

　　I have bought a book.The book is very useful.

　　2．用于說(shuō)話人與聽(tīng)話人都知道的人或事物前。

　　Close the window，please.

　　3．用于表示世界上獨(dú)一無(wú)二的事物前，如：the sun。

　　4．用于表示方位的名詞之前，如：in the east。

　　5．用于序數(shù)詞或形容詞的最高級(jí)之前，如：the first。

　　6．用于形容詞之前，使其名詞化，表示一類(lèi)人。

　　7．用于由普通名詞構(gòu)成的專(zhuān)有名詞之前。

　　8．用于江河、海洋、海峽、山脈、群島、建筑物等名詞之前，如：the West Lake。

　　9．用于復(fù)數(shù)姓氏之前，表示“夫婦”或“全家”。

　　10．用于作為課程或演奏等的西洋樂(lè)器名詞前，如：play the piano，play the violin。

　　11．用于表示單位的名詞前，如：by the day按日。

　　12．用于年代、朝代、時(shí)代名詞前，如：in the 1970s。

　　13．用于某些固定詞組中，如：in the morning。

　　題組訓(xùn)練2

　　根據(jù)語(yǔ)境在下面的空格處填上合適的冠詞

　　1．Let’s go to the cinema—that’ll take your mind off the problem for a while.

　　2．What a pity that you couldn’t be there to receive the_prize!

　　3．Some people fear that / air pollution may bring about changes in the weather around the world.

　　4．As is known to all，the People’s Republic of China is the biggest developing country in the world.

　　5．As he reached the front door，Jack saw a strange sight.

　　◆不用冠詞的情況

　　1．不含普通名詞的專(zhuān)有名詞、物質(zhì)名詞、抽象名詞、人名、地名等名詞前，一般不加冠詞，如：China，America。

　　2．可數(shù)名詞前有物主代詞、指示代詞、名詞所有格等限制時(shí)，不加冠詞。

　　Einstein’s theory proved to be correct.

　　3．季節(jié)、月份、星期、節(jié)日、假日、一日三餐名稱(chēng)前一般不加冠詞，如：March，have supper。

　　4．稱(chēng)呼語(yǔ)前不加冠詞。

　　What shall I do next，Mother?

　　5．表示獨(dú)一無(wú)二的頭銜、職務(wù)名詞作表語(yǔ)、同位語(yǔ)或補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，一般不加冠詞。

　　6．學(xué)科名稱(chēng)、球類(lèi)、棋類(lèi)名稱(chēng)前不加冠詞。

　　7．復(fù)數(shù)名詞表示泛指一類(lèi)人或事物時(shí)，前不加冠詞。

　　8．在與by連用的交通工具名稱(chēng)前不加冠詞。

　　9．連系動(dòng)詞turn后的表語(yǔ)單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前不加冠詞。

　　The young worker has turned writer.

　　10．a(chǎn)s，though引導(dǎo)的倒裝讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中的表語(yǔ)(單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞)置于句首時(shí)不加冠詞。

　　Child as he is，he knows a lot.

　　11．某些固定詞組中不加冠詞，如：husband and wife，arm in arm。

　　題組訓(xùn)練3

　　根據(jù)語(yǔ)境在下面的空格處填上合適的冠詞

　　1．Everything comes with a_price; there is no such / thing as free lunch in the world.

　　2．It’s a_good feeling for people to admire the Shanghai World Expo that gives them / pleasure.

　　3．In communication，a smile is usually a strong sign of a friendly and / open attitude.

　　4．What / fun it is to swim in the river in summer.

　　5．Jack，/ monitor of our class，is a hard-working student.

　　◆語(yǔ)法填空

　　A

　　I came to study in the United States a year ago.Yet I did not know the American society 1.until/till I was injured in a car accident because after the accident I had to see a doctor and go to court.2.After the accident，my roommate called a doctor for me.I was very 3.thankful(thank) and decided to repay him one day.But 4.the next day，he asked me to pay him $200 for 5.what he had done.I was astonished.He had good reason to charge me，he said.And 6.if I wanted to collect money from the person who was responsible for my 7.injury(injure)，I’d have to have a good lawyer.Now that he had helped me to find a good doctor，it was only fair that I should pay him.

　　But every time I went to see the doctor，I had to wait about 50 minutes.He would see two 8.or three patients at the same time，and often stop 9.treating(treat) one so as to see another.Yet he charged me $115 each time.The final 10.examination(examine) report only contained ten lines，but it cost me $215.

　　B

　　One day，there was a poor boy who was trying to pay his way through school by selling goods.He was hungry，1.so he decided to beg for a meal at the next house.

　　2．However，he lost his nerve when a lovely young woman opened the door.Instead of a meal he asked 3.for a drink of water.She thought he looked hungry so she brought him a large glass of milk.He drank it slowly，and then asked，“How much do I owe you？” “You don’t owe me anything，” she replied.“Mother has taught me never to accept pay for a 4.kindness(kind)．”

　　Years later the young woman became critically ill.Specialists were called in to study 5.her rare disease.Dr. Howard Kelly，now famous，was called in for the consultation.When he went into her room，he recognized her at once.He went back to the consultation room and 6.determined(determine) to do his best to save her life.After a long struggle，the battle was 7.won(win)．The bill was sent to her room.She was afraid to open 8.it because she was positive that it would take the rest of her life to pay it off.Finally she looked，and the note on the side of the bill caught her attention.

　　“Paid in full with a glass of milk.”

　　Tears of joy flooded her eyes as she prayed 9.silently(silent)，“Thank you，God.Your love has spread 10.through human hearts and hands.”