2024屆高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)語法專項(xiàng)突破：第10節(jié) 狀語從句（北師大版）

　　第十節(jié)　狀語從句

　　考點(diǎn)一

　　時(shí)間狀語從句

　　1．when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，意為“正在這時(shí)”，表示某件事正發(fā)生或剛剛發(fā)生時(shí)，突然發(fā)生另一動(dòng)作。when構(gòu)成的相關(guān)句型如下：

　　Tom was about to close the window when his attention was caught by a bird.

　　湯姆正要關(guān)窗戶，這時(shí)他的注意力被一只鳥吸引住了。

　　[名師點(diǎn)津]　“一……就……”的表達(dá)如下表：

　　詞類 常用詞 例句

　　從屬連詞 as soon as He started as soon as he received the news.

　　副詞 immediately，directly，instantly They phoned immediately they reached home.

　　名詞/名詞短語 the minute/moment/ second/instant，every/each time They ran away the moment they saw the guard.Each time I was in trouble，he would stand by.

　　句型結(jié)構(gòu) no sooner ...than ...，hardly/scarcely ...when ... No sooner had I arrived home than it began to rain.

　　2.before

　　(1)表示“還未……就……；不到……就……；……才……；趁……；還沒來得及……就……”。

　　The girl had hardly rung the bell before the door was opened suddenly，and her friend rushed out to greet her.

　　小女孩還沒來得及按門鈴，門就突然開了，她的朋友沖出來歡迎她。

　　(2)It was＋一段時(shí)間＋before ...“過了多久才……”；

　　It will be＋一段時(shí)間＋before ...“再過多久之后才……”。

　　It will be half a year before I come back.

　　還得再過半年我才能回來。

　　3．till和until

　　在肯定句中主句謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)是延續(xù)性的，而在否定句中主句謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)是非延續(xù)性的；till不可位于句首，而until則可以。

　　You may stay here till/until the rain stops.

　　你可以待在這里直到雨停。

　　I won't see him till/until his anger has cooled down.

　　等他怒氣消了，我再去看他。

　　Until you told me，I had no idea of it.

　　直到你告訴我，我才知道這件事。

　　[名師點(diǎn)津]　the first time，every/each time，next time等也可引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，表示“第一次，每一次，下一次等”。

　　Every time I was in trouble，he would come to help me.

　　每次我處于困境，他就會(huì)來幫助我。

　　考點(diǎn)二

　　地點(diǎn)狀語從句

　　通常由where或wherever引導(dǎo)，可位于主句前或主句后，在句首時(shí)常含有抽象意味。

　　You should let your children play where you can see them.你應(yīng)該讓小孩在你視線范圍內(nèi)的地方玩耍。

　　Wherever I went，the dog followed me.

　　無論我走到哪里，這只狗總是跟著我。

　　[名師點(diǎn)津]　注意區(qū)分where引導(dǎo)的狀語從句與定語從句：

　　You'd better make a mark where you have any questions.(狀語從句)

　　＝Y(jié)ou'd better make a mark at the place where you have any questions.(定語從句)

　　你最好在有問題的地方做一下標(biāo)記。

　　考點(diǎn)三

　　條件狀語從句

　　引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句的連詞有：if，unless(如果不，除非)，as/so long as(只要)，suppose/supposing (that)(倘若，如果)，provided/providing (that)(倘若，如果)，on condition that(條件是)等。

　　Unless he studies hard，he will never pass the examination.他如果不努力學(xué)習(xí)，就永遠(yuǎn)不能考及格。

　　We can overcome the difficulties as long as we are organized.只要我們組織起來，我們就能克服困難。

　　You can use this room provided that you keep it clean and tidy.

　　如果你能保持房間干凈整潔，你就可以用這間房子。

　　考點(diǎn)四

　　原因狀語從句

　　1．because，as，since，now that的用法區(qū)別

　　引導(dǎo)詞 位置 內(nèi)涵 語氣 能否回答why 能否強(qiáng)調(diào)

　　because 主句前或后 直接原因 強(qiáng) 能 能

　　as 主句前或后 已知原因 弱 不能 不能

　　since/now that 主句前 已知原因 弱 不能 不能

　　Because he was ill，he was absent from the meeting.

　　因?yàn)樗×耍詻]去開會(huì)。

　　Now that everyone is here，let's begin our meeting.

　　既然大家都在這里，我們開始開會(huì)吧。

　　2．除了狀語從句外，一些介詞短語也可以表示原因。如：because of, thanks to, due to, owing to, on account of等。

　　They were late because of the traffic jam.

　　因?yàn)榻煌ǘ氯麄冞t到了。

　　[名師點(diǎn)津]　for引導(dǎo)表示原因的并列句，補(bǔ)充說明根據(jù)什么推斷出前一分句的結(jié)果。

　　He must have gone to bed, for the light is out.

　　他一定是上床睡了，因?yàn)闊粝恕?/p>

　　考點(diǎn)五

　　讓步狀語從句

　　1．通常由though，although，as(雖然，盡管)，even if，even though，whoever，whatever，whichever，whenever，wherever，however，no matter who(what，which，when，where，how)，whether等引導(dǎo)。

　　He is unhappy though/although he has a lot of money.

　　盡管他有錢，但并不幸福。

　　Whatever/No matter what you want to do，please look before you leap.

　　不管你想做什么事，請(qǐng)三思而后行。

　　[名師點(diǎn)津]　though還可作副詞用于句末，意為“可是，然而”，although則不能。

　　He said he would come，he didn't though.

　　他說他會(huì)來，可是他沒來。

　　2．a(chǎn)s引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句需采用部分倒裝，有時(shí)though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句也采用部分倒裝。

　　Difficult as the task was，they managed to finish it in time.雖然這項(xiàng)任務(wù)很難，他們還是設(shè)法及時(shí)完成了。

　　Much as I like it，I won't buy the expensive car.

　　盡管我很喜歡這輛車，但我不會(huì)買這么貴的車。

　　考點(diǎn)六

　　目的、結(jié)果、方式狀語從句

　　1．引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句的連詞有：so that，in order that，for fear that，in case等。

　　Please speak up so that the people at the back of the room can hear you.

　　請(qǐng)大點(diǎn)聲講，讓屋子后面的人也能聽見你的聲音。

　　They flew there in order that they might be in time to attend the opening ceremony.

　　他們飛往那里以便能及時(shí)參加開幕典禮。

　　2．引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句的連詞有：so that，so ...that ...，such ...that ...等。

　　He hadn't studied hard so that he failed in the exam.

　　他平時(shí)學(xué)習(xí)不努力，結(jié)果考試不及格。

　　He told us so interesting a story that we all laughed.

　　＝He told us such an interesting story that we all laughed.他給我們講了一個(gè)這么有趣的故事，我們都大笑起來。

　　3．引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句的連詞有：as(像……一樣)，as if/though等。

　　You must do the exercise as I tell you.

　　你必須按照我告訴你的方法做練習(xí)。

　　[本節(jié)小結(jié)]

　　近幾年的高考命題常將并列連詞、從屬連詞、關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞放同一題干下進(jìn)行考查，這就增加了考試難度。因此只有了解狀語從句的分類及狀語從句常用連接詞的含義和用法，并能在具體語境中判斷主從句之間的邏輯關(guān)系，以選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)倪B接詞，才能自如應(yīng)對(duì)。

　　針對(duì)訓(xùn)練

　　.選擇適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空

　　before；unless；when；in case；so that；where；even though；though；once

　　1．(2024·安徽高考)The meaning of the word “nice” changed a few times ________ it finally came to include the sense “pleasant”．

　　【答案】　before

　　2．(2024·北京高考)________ the forest park is far away，a lot of tourists visit it every year.

　　【答案】　Even though

　　3．(2024·湖南高考)You will never gain success________you are fully devoted to your work.

　　【答案】　unless

　　4．(2024·江蘇高考)Lessons can be learned to face the future，________ history cannot be changed.

　　【答案】　though

　　5．(2024·江西高考)It was the middle of the night ________ my father woke me up and told me to watch the football game.

　　【答案】　 when

　　6．(2024·陜西高考)The young couple，who returned my lost wallet，left ________ I could ask for their names.

　　【答案】　before

　　7．(2024·四川高考) I'll be out for some time.________ anything important happens，call me up immediately.

　　【答案】　In case

　　8．(2024·天津高考)________ you start eating in a healthier way，weight control will become much easier.

　　【答案】　Once

　　9．(2024·浙江高考) Cathy had quit her job when her son was born ________ she could stay home and raise her family.

　　【答案】　so that

　　10．(2024·重慶高考) Half an hour later，Lucy still couldn't get a taxi ________ the bus had dropped her.

　　【答案】　 where

　　.語篇填空

　　用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞完成下列短文

　　Different countries and different people have different manners.We must find out their customs，1.________ they will not think us ill-mannered.Here are examples of the things that a well-educated person does or does not do.2.________ you visit a Chinese family you should knock at the door first.

　　3.________ the door opens，you will not move 4.________ the host says，“Come in，please.” 5.________ you enter the room，you should not sit down 6.________ the host asks you to take a seat.7.________ a cup of tea is put on a tea table before you or sent to your hand，you will say，“Thank you.” And receive it with two hands，not one hand，8.________ they will think you are ill-mannered.

　　【答案】　1.so that　2.If/When　3.When　4.before

　　5．After　6.until　7.When　8.or

　　綜合演練

　　語法填空

　　用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空(不多于3個(gè)單詞)，注意使用從屬連詞

　　Gandhi was honored as the father of the Indian nation.He has been respected and beloved by the Indians 1.________ they believe that he is an Indian national hero.

　　He was born in India in 1869.2.________it is recorded，he got married at the age of 13，following the local custom.In 1888 he sailed to England，3.________ he studied law for three years and became a lawyer.4.________ he returned to India，he was sent to South Africa to work on a law case.

　　In South Africa he was surprised 5.________he found the problem of racial discrimination was serious.There he formed an organization and this was how he started to fight for equal rights.

　　Gandhi returned to India in 1915 6.________ India was controlled by the British.He led the Indians to fight for an end to the British rule and independence for his country.7.________ in the political movement many Indians including Gandhi were put in prison and it was still not sure 8.________ they could gain independence，the struggles never stopped.The British government had to give in 9.________ India won its independence in 1947.Unfortunately Gandhi was shot by an Indian 10.________ he opposed Gandhi's views and died on January 30th,1948.

　　【答案】　1.because　2.As　3.where　4.Immediately

　　5．because　6.when　7.Although/Though　8.whether　9.so that　10.because

　　第十節(jié)　狀語從句

　　考點(diǎn)一

　　時(shí)間狀語從句

　　1．when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，意為“正在這時(shí)”，表示某件事正發(fā)生或剛剛發(fā)生時(shí)，突然發(fā)生另一動(dòng)作。when構(gòu)成的相關(guān)句型如下：

　　Tom was about to close the window when his attention was caught by a bird.

　　湯姆正要關(guān)窗戶，這時(shí)他的注意力被一只鳥吸引住了。

　　[名師點(diǎn)津]　“一……就……”的表達(dá)如下表：

　　詞類 常用詞 例句

　　從屬連詞 as soon as He started as soon as he received the news.

　　副詞 immediately，directly，instantly They phoned immediately they reached home.

　　名詞/名詞短語 the minute/moment/ second/instant，every/each time They ran away the moment they saw the guard.Each time I was in trouble，he would stand by.

　　句型結(jié)構(gòu) no sooner ...than ...，hardly/scarcely ...when ... No sooner had I arrived home than it began to rain.

　　2.before

　　(1)表示“還未……就……；不到……就……；……才……；趁……；還沒來得及……就……”。

　　The girl had hardly rung the bell before the door was opened suddenly，and her friend rushed out to greet her.

　　小女孩還沒來得及按門鈴，門就突然開了，她的朋友沖出來歡迎她。

　　(2)It was＋一段時(shí)間＋before ...“過了多久才……”；

　　It will be＋一段時(shí)間＋before ...“再過多久之后才……”。

　　It will be half a year before I come back.

　　還得再過半年我才能回來。

　　3．till和until

　　在肯定句中主句謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)是延續(xù)性的，而在否定句中主句謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)是非延續(xù)性的；till不可位于句首，而until則可以。

　　You may stay here till/until the rain stops.

　　你可以待在這里直到雨停。

　　I won't see him till/until his anger has cooled down.

　　等他怒氣消了，我再去看他。

　　Until you told me，I had no idea of it.

　　直到你告訴我，我才知道這件事。

　　[名師點(diǎn)津]　the first time，every/each time，next time等也可引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，表示“第一次，每一次，下一次等”。

　　Every time I was in trouble，he would come to help me.

　　每次我處于困境，他就會(huì)來幫助我。

　　考點(diǎn)二

　　地點(diǎn)狀語從句

　　通常由where或wherever引導(dǎo)，可位于主句前或主句后，在句首時(shí)常含有抽象意味。

　　You should let your children play where you can see them.你應(yīng)該讓小孩在你視線范圍內(nèi)的地方玩耍。

　　Wherever I went，the dog followed me.

　　無論我走到哪里，這只狗總是跟著我。

　　[名師點(diǎn)津]　注意區(qū)分where引導(dǎo)的狀語從句與定語從句：

　　You'd better make a mark where you have any questions.(狀語從句)

　　＝Y(jié)ou'd better make a mark at the place where you have any questions.(定語從句)

　　你最好在有問題的地方做一下標(biāo)記。

　　考點(diǎn)三

　　條件狀語從句

　　引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句的連詞有：if，unless(如果不，除非)，as/so long as(只要)，suppose/supposing (that)(倘若，如果)，provided/providing (that)(倘若，如果)，on condition that(條件是)等。

　　Unless he studies hard，he will never pass the examination.他如果不努力學(xué)習(xí)，就永遠(yuǎn)不能考及格。

　　We can overcome the difficulties as long as we are organized.只要我們組織起來，我們就能克服困難。

　　You can use this room provided that you keep it clean and tidy.

　　如果你能保持房間干凈整潔，你就可以用這間房子。

　　考點(diǎn)四

　　原因狀語從句

　　1．because，as，since，now that的用法區(qū)別

　　引導(dǎo)詞 位置 內(nèi)涵 語氣 能否回答why 能否強(qiáng)調(diào)

　　because 主句前或后 直接原因 強(qiáng) 能 能

　　as 主句前或后 已知原因 弱 不能 不能

　　since/now that 主句前 已知原因 弱 不能 不能

　　Because he was ill，he was absent from the meeting.

　　因?yàn)樗×耍詻]去開會(huì)。

　　Now that everyone is here，let's begin our meeting.

　　既然大家都在這里，我們開始開會(huì)吧。

　　2．除了狀語從句外，一些介詞短語也可以表示原因。如：because of, thanks to, due to, owing to, on account of等。

　　They were late because of the traffic jam.

　　因?yàn)榻煌ǘ氯麄冞t到了。

　　[名師點(diǎn)津]　for引導(dǎo)表示原因的并列句，補(bǔ)充說明根據(jù)什么推斷出前一分句的結(jié)果。

　　He must have gone to bed, for the light is out.

　　他一定是上床睡了，因?yàn)闊粝恕?/p>

　　考點(diǎn)五

　　讓步狀語從句

　　1．通常由though，although，as(雖然，盡管)，even if，even though，whoever，whatever，whichever，whenever，wherever，however，no matter who(what，which，when，where，how)，whether等引導(dǎo)。

　　He is unhappy though/although he has a lot of money.

　　盡管他有錢，但并不幸福。

　　Whatever/No matter what you want to do，please look before you leap.

　　不管你想做什么事，請(qǐng)三思而后行。

　　[名師點(diǎn)津]　though還可作副詞用于句末，意為“可是，然而”，although則不能。

　　He said he would come，he didn't though.

　　他說他會(huì)來，可是他沒來。

　　2．a(chǎn)s引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句需采用部分倒裝，有時(shí)though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句也采用部分倒裝。

　　Difficult as the task was，they managed to finish it in time.雖然這項(xiàng)任務(wù)很難，他們還是設(shè)法及時(shí)完成了。

　　Much as I like it，I won't buy the expensive car.

　　盡管我很喜歡這輛車，但我不會(huì)買這么貴的車。

　　考點(diǎn)六

　　目的、結(jié)果、方式狀語從句

　　1．引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句的連詞有：so that，in order that，for fear that，in case等。

　　Please speak up so that the people at the back of the room can hear you.

　　請(qǐng)大點(diǎn)聲講，讓屋子后面的人也能聽見你的聲音。

　　They flew there in order that they might be in time to attend the opening ceremony.

　　他們飛往那里以便能及時(shí)參加開幕典禮。

　　2．引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句的連詞有：so that，so ...that ...，such ...that ...等。

　　He hadn't studied hard so that he failed in the exam.

　　他平時(shí)學(xué)習(xí)不努力，結(jié)果考試不及格。

　　He told us so interesting a story that we all laughed.

　　＝He told us such an interesting story that we all laughed.他給我們講了一個(gè)這么有趣的故事，我們都大笑起來。

　　3．引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句的連詞有：as(像……一樣)，as if/though等。

　　You must do the exercise as I tell you.

　　你必須按照我告訴你的方法做練習(xí)。

　　[本節(jié)小結(jié)]

　　近幾年的高考命題常將并列連詞、從屬連詞、關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞放同一題干下進(jìn)行考查，這就增加了考試難度。因此只有了解狀語從句的分類及狀語從句常用連接詞的含義和用法，并能在具體語境中判斷主從句之間的邏輯關(guān)系，以選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)倪B接詞，才能自如應(yīng)對(duì)。

　　針對(duì)訓(xùn)練

　　.選擇適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空

　　before；unless；when；in case；so that；where；even though；though；once

　　1．(2024·安徽高考)The meaning of the word “nice” changed a few times ________ it finally came to include the sense “pleasant”．

　　【答案】　before

　　2．(2024·北京高考)________ the forest park is far away，a lot of tourists visit it every year.

　　【答案】　Even though

　　3．(2024·湖南高考)You will never gain success________you are fully devoted to your work.

　　【答案】　unless

　　4．(2024·江蘇高考)Lessons can be learned to face the future，________ history cannot be changed.

　　【答案】　though

　　5．(2024·江西高考)It was the middle of the night ________ my father woke me up and told me to watch the football game.

　　【答案】　 when

　　6．(2024·陜西高考)The young couple，who returned my lost wallet，left ________ I could ask for their names.

　　【答案】　before

　　7．(2024·四川高考) I'll be out for some time.________ anything important happens，call me up immediately.

　　【答案】　In case

　　8．(2024·天津高考)________ you start eating in a healthier way，weight control will become much easier.

　　【答案】　Once

　　9．(2024·浙江高考) Cathy had quit her job when her son was born ________ she could stay home and raise her family.

　　【答案】　so that

　　10．(2024·重慶高考) Half an hour later，Lucy still couldn't get a taxi ________ the bus had dropped her.

　　【答案】　 where

　　.語篇填空

　　用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞完成下列短文

　　Different countries and different people have different manners.We must find out their customs，1.________ they will not think us ill-mannered.Here are examples of the things that a well-educated person does or does not do.2.________ you visit a Chinese family you should knock at the door first.

　　3.________ the door opens，you will not move 4.________ the host says，“Come in，please.” 5.________ you enter the room，you should not sit down 6.________ the host asks you to take a seat.7.________ a cup of tea is put on a tea table before you or sent to your hand，you will say，“Thank you.” And receive it with two hands，not one hand，8.________ they will think you are ill-mannered.

　　【答案】　1.so that　2.If/When　3.When　4.before

　　5．After　6.until　7.When　8.or

　　綜合演練

　　語法填空

　　用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空(不多于3個(gè)單詞)，注意使用從屬連詞

　　Gandhi was honored as the father of the Indian nation.He has been respected and beloved by the Indians 1.________ they believe that he is an Indian national hero.

　　He was born in India in 1869.2.________it is recorded，he got married at the age of 13，following the local custom.In 1888 he sailed to England，3.________ he studied law for three years and became a lawyer.4.________ he returned to India，he was sent to South Africa to work on a law case.

　　In South Africa he was surprised 5.________he found the problem of racial discrimination was serious.There he formed an organization and this was how he started to fight for equal rights.

　　Gandhi returned to India in 1915 6.________ India was controlled by the British.He led the Indians to fight for an end to the British rule and independence for his country.7.________ in the political movement many Indians including Gandhi were put in prison and it was still not sure 8.________ they could gain independence，the struggles never stopped.The British government had to give in 9.________ India won its independence in 1947.Unfortunately Gandhi was shot by an Indian 10.________ he opposed Gandhi's views and died on January 30th,1948.

　　【答案】　1.because　2.As　3.where　4.Immediately

　　5．because　6.when　7.Although/Though　8.whether　9.so that　10.because